Chapter 3 - Eurasian Empires
Chapter 4 - Eurasian Cultural Traditions
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| 7390599534 | Legalism | A Chinese philosophy distinguished by an adherence to clear laws with vigorous punishments. |  | 0 |
| 7390599535 | Confucius (Kong Fuzi) | The founder of Confucianism (551-479 B.C.E.); an aristocrat of northern China who proved to be the greatest influence on Chinese culture in its history. |  | 1 |
| 7390599536 | Ban Zhao | A major female Confucian author of Han dynasty China (45-116 C.E.) whose works give insight into the implication of Confucian thinking for women. |  | 2 |
| 7390599537 | Daoism | A Chinese philosophy/popular religion that advocates simplicity and understanding of the world of nature, founded by the legendary figure Laozi. |  | 3 |
| 7390599538 | Upanishads | Indian mystical and philosophical works, written between 800 and 400 B.C.E. |  | 4 |
| 7390599539 | Vedas | The earliest religious texts of India, a collection of ancient poems, hymns, and rituals that were transmitted orally before being written down ca. 600 B.C.E. |  | 5 |
| 7390599540 | Aristotle | A Greek polymath philosopher (384-322 B.C.E.); student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great. |  | 6 |
| 7390599541 | Theravada | "The Teaching of the Elders," the early form of Buddhism according to which the Buddha was a wise teacher but not divine and which emphasizes practices rather than beliefs. |  | 7 |
| 7390599542 | Buddhism | a religion, originated in India that believes life is full of suffering caused by desire and that the way to end this suffering is through enlightenment |  | 8 |
| 7390599543 | Siddhartha Gautama (the Buddha) | The Indian prince who turned ascetic (ca. 566-486 B.C.E.) who founded Buddhism. |  | 9 |
| 7390599544 | Mahayana | "Great Vehicle," the popular development of Buddhism in the early centuries of the Common Era, which gives a much greater role to supernatural beings and proved to be more popular than original (Theravada) Buddhism. |  | 10 |
| 7390599545 | Nirvana | The end goal of Buddhism, in which individual identity is "extinguished" into a state of serenity & great compassion. |  | 11 |
| 7390599546 | Bhagavad Gita | A great Hindu epic text, part of the much larger Mahabharata, which affirms the performance of caste duties as a path to religious liberation. |  | 12 |
| 7390599547 | Zoroastrianism | Persian monotheistic religion founded by the prophet Zarathustra. |  | 13 |
| 7390599548 | Zarathustra | A Persian prophet, traditionally dated to sixth or seventh century B.C.E. (but perhaps much older), who founded Zoroastrianism. |  | 14 |
| 7390599549 | Judaism | The monotheistic religion developed by the Hebrews, emphasizing a sole personal god (Yahweh/YHWH) with concerns with social justice. |  | 15 |
| 7390599550 | Isaiah | One of the most important prophets of Judaism, whose teachings show the transformation of the religion in favor of compassion and social justice (eighth century B.C.E.) |  | 16 |
| 7390599551 | Greek rationalism | A secularizing system of scientific and philosophic thought that developed in Classical Greece in the period 600 to 300 B.C.E.; it emphasized the power of education and human reason to understand the world in nonreligious terms. |  | 17 |
| 7390599552 | Socrates | The first great Greek philosopher to turn rationalism toward questions of human existence (469-399 B.C.E.) |  | 18 |
| 7390599553 | Plato | A disciple of Socrates whose Dialogues convey the teachings of his master while going beyond them to express Plato's own philosophy; lived from 429 to 348 B.C.E. |  | 19 |
| 7390599554 | Constantine | Roman emperor (r. 306-337 C.E.) whose conversion to Christianity paved the way for the triumph of Christianity in Europe. |  | 20 |
| 7390599555 | Paul of Tarsus (Saint Paul) | The first great popularize of Christianity (10-65 C.E.) |  | 21 |
| 7390599558 | Church of the East | Planted churches in Syria and Persia that were distinct in theology and practice from the Roman Church |  | 22 |
| 7390599559 | Perpetua | Christian martyr (one who was killed for their beliefs) from Carthage. Educated and wealthy, she died being fed to leopards. |  | 23 |
| 7390599556 | Jesus of Nazareth | The prophet/god of Christianity (ca. 4 B.C.E.-30 B.C.E.). |  | 24 |
| 7390599557 | Theodosius | Roman emperor (r. 379-395 C.E.) who made Christianity the official religion of the Roman state, banning all polytheistic rituals. |  | 25 |
| 7392080906 | Brahmins | Hindu priests who performed sacrifices and rituals | 26 | |
| 7392094853 | Brahman | The World Soul; Ultimate reality of Hinduism; goal of hinduism was to achieve moksha and be united with this. | 27 | |
| 7392113062 | Atman | The human soul; part of Brahman | 28 | |
| 7392117668 | Moksha | The final goal of hinduism | 29 | |
| 7392125244 | Samsara | The hindu belief of reincarnation | 30 | |
| 7392130879 | Karma | In hinduism, a record of one's actions that determined one's future social standing | 31 | |
| 7392258271 | Dukkha | The Buddhist belief of suffering derived from desire for individual fulfilment | 32 | |
| 7392273005 | Angra Mainyu | The ultimate evil of Zoroastrianism | 33 | |
| 7392280644 | Democritus | Suggested the scientific idea that everything is made up of tiny, uncuttable particles called atoms | 34 | |
| 7392282287 | Hippocrates | Made many medical advancements and came up with the belief that the human body is comprised of four humors | 35 | |
| 7392284900 | Thales | Predicted an eclipse of the sun, and argued that the moon simply reflected the sun's light | 36 | |
| 7392738247 | Analects | Books written by Confucius that provided the basics of Confucianism | 37 | |
| 7392755212 | Bodhisattvas | Spiritually developed people who postpone their own nirvana to help others | 38 | |
| 7392761702 | Bhakti Movement | Certain members of Hinduism began focusing worship on particular deities | 39 | |
| 7392781460 | Diaspora | Removal from Homeland | 40 |
