Terms : Hide Images
| 11498420891 | Qur'an | *Definition:* Islamic sacred book of Muhammad's life and message. *Significance:* The word of God that the Muslims believe and follow. |  | 0 |
| 11498420892 | Umma | *Definition:* The entire community of Muslims bound together by ties of religion. *Significance:* Goal of creating a just and moral society where all believers are community (equality). |  | 1 |
| 11498420893 | Pillars of Islam | *Definition:* (1) Allah is the one true God. (2) 5 daily prayers. (3) Charitable. (4) Fast of Ramadan. (5) Hajj. *Significance:* Rules followed every day. The lifestyle to be good and responsible as a Muslim. |  | 2 |
| 11498420894 | Hijra | *Definition:* Muhammad fled from Mecca to Medina. *Significance:* Other merchants didn't appreciate Muhammed, so he left to Medina (another holy place). He came back to Mecca to reconquer it later. |  | 3 |
| 11498420895 | Sharia | *Definition:* Islamic law based on teachings of the Qur'an. *Significance:* It's the foundation of Muslim Law and how Muslims live their lives (with the Ulama as the judge). |  | 4 |
| 11498420896 | Jizya | *Definition:* Poll tax paid by non-Muslims (minority groups) within Muslim empire. *Significance:* Allowed religious freedom through taxes. Christians and Jews were allowed within the empire because Muslims wanted more trading opportunities. |  | 5 |
| 11498420897 | Ulama | *Definition:* Doctors of Muslim religion and law. *Significance:* Religiously trained scholars and authorities to look to for Qur'an and Muslim faith. | 6 | |
| 11498420898 | Umayyad Caliphate | *Definition:* 2nd of the 4 major caliphates (rule/reign of chief Muslim ruler). *Significance:* Construction of Mosques to symbolize imperial power. It was short lived because of the favor of Arabs. |  | 7 |
| 11498420899 | Abbasid Caliphate | *Definition:* 3rd of the 4 major caliphates. *Significance:* Founded the city of Baghdad, the capital of the "Golden Age" (enlightenment and prosperity). |  | 8 |
| 11498420900 | Sufism | *Definition:* Mystical system of Sufis, an ascetic Muslim sect. *Significance:* Belief and practice in which Muslims seek to find divine love and knowledge through a direct personal relationship with God. (Response to the materialism of leaders). |  | 9 |
| 11498420901 | Al-Ghazali | *Definition:* Islamic thinker who was a scholar. He argued for rationale. *Significance:* He believed that rational philosophy alone could never enable believers to know about Allah. They must know in their heart. (Caused Sufism). |  | 10 |
| 11498420902 | Ibn Battuta | *Definition:* Visited West Africa and criticized the Muslim practices there. *Significance:* Detailed account of visits to Islamic lands, and documented travels. He provided insight. |  | 11 |
| 11498420903 | Timbuktu | *Definition:* Port city of Mal by the Niger River. *Significance:* Contained library and university. It was the center of Islamic religious and intellectual life. |  | 12 |
| 11498420904 | Mansa Musa | *Definition:* Ruler of Kingdom of Mali (Muslim) sought to expand kingdom for gold. *Significance:* He showed pride and ignorance of Islamic law. He elevated Mali's status in the Islamic world. |  | 13 |
| 11498420905 | al-Andalus | *Definition:* Chief site of Islamic encounter with Christian Europe (conquered by Arab and Berber forces). *Significance:* Muslims, Christians, and Jews contributed to culture. A place of harmony and tolerance (75% converted to Islam). |  | 14 |
| 11498420906 | Madrassas | *Definition:* (11th century) Formal colleges, offered more advanced instructions in Qur'an and sayings of Muhammad. It was the informal teachings with text memorization. *Significance:* Another way Ulama passed on teachings of the faith, and important knowledge of the faith. |  | 15 |
| 11498420907 | House of Wisdom | *Definition:* Baghdad, the center for research and translation of scientific, medical, and philosophical texts. *Significance:* Islamic ideas circled the world, and Greek information was being translated into Arabic. |  | 16 |
| 11498420908 | Ibn Sina | *Definition:* Writer in almost all fields of science and philosophy. *Significance:* Set standards for medical practice in Islamic and Christian worlds. Accurately diagnosed many disease and found treatments, and revolutionary writings. |  | 17 |
| 11498420910 | Sufism | 18 |
