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AP World History Study Guide- Classical China Flashcards

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10659561157ZhouTime Period: 1029-221 BCE0
10659561158QinTime Period: 221-202 BCE1
10659561159HanTime Period: 202 BCE- 220 CE2
10659561160ZhouPolitical: Used the Mandate of Heaven and dynastic cycle for the rise and fall of dynasties. Government was feudalism where local lords governed; given land and in return provided military service to their leader. Confucius theorized on the structure of the gov't but his teachings were not widely accepted until Han; Laozi also criticized chaos3
10659561161QinPolitical: Shi Huangdi a strong, autocratic leader. Abolished feudalism by taking land away from aristocrats Created 1st empire (centralized) and formed bureaucracy but based on inheritance Further territory expansion. Harsh laws and forced labor for the Great Wall; followed Legalism4
10659561162HanPolitical: Made bureaucracy more sophisticated by starting civil service examination using Confucian ideology; those who passed the test were known as scholar gentry- merit based although some aristocrats got into court without exam5
10659561163ZhouEconomy: Use of iron working in 500 BCE. Iron axes and ox drawn plows replaced stone, wood, and bronze tools. Grew soybeans Merchants benefited from roads and canals which increased the population.6
10659561164QinEconomy: Peasants paid high taxes. Standardization of weights and measures. Coined money. Repaired roads and canals for trade.7
10659561165HanEconomy: Silk road- cultural diffusion. Trading posts, improved canals and roads. Iron and station granaries. Overseas trade developed in southeast Asia8
10659561166ZhouReligion: Legalism, Confucianism, and Daoism were created Stopped human sacrifice but polytheism still practiced.9
10659561167QinReligion: Confucianism was banned Practiced legalism- harsh laws.10
10659561168HanReligion: Legalism faded; Confucianism was brought back and Daoism continued to be practiced Buddhism enters China during decline and becomes an influential religion during the era of division between Han and Sui since people wanted to end suffering11
10659561169ZhouSocial: King and nobles on top. Military. Merchants and farmers. 2% of pop was gentry/aristocrats. Women were not treated equally; patriarchal; used corvee slavery throughout classical age12
10659561170QinSocial: Everyone was below Shi and nobles lost power. Some gentry women would become educated.13
10659561171HanSocial: Emperor, nobility, scholars, , farmers, artisans, peasants and slaves; social mobility could occur if one could afford education and pass civil service exam; merchants are looked down upon due to Confucian beliefs as seeing them as parasitic14
10659561172ZhouIntellectual: Bronze and iron working. Recorded eclipses, seismographs, bells, flutes and mirrors. Analects- book of Confucian sayings.15
10659561173QinIntellectual: Standardized weights and measures. Books still produced like medicine and agricultural ones. Great Wall. Continued the silk making.16
10659561174HanIntellectual: Astronomy, herbal remedies, paper, ship building, compass, zoology and fishing reels, boat rudders, seismograph, paper GOLDEN AGE17
10659561175ZhouArt: Animals in most art and dragon pendants. Jade to make pottery and statues. Artisans crafted.18
10659561176QinArt: Calligraphy. Life size army made of terra cotta that was placed in Shi's tomb not found until the 1970s19
10659561177HanArt: Ceramic figures. Bronze, silk, jade, and ivory used to carve and for palaces.20
10659561178ZhouDecline: Internal corruption. Natural disasters occurred causing an end in the dynasty. New ruling family.21
10659561179QinDecline: Internal corruption. Natural disasters occurred causing an end in the dynasty. New ruling family.22
10659561180HanDecline: Internal corruption. Natural disasters occurred causing an end in the dynasty. New ruling family. External forces...Hun invasions23
10659561181ZhouGlobal connection/interaction: Chinese civilization was the longest in world history and one of the most creative and influential. Dynastic Cycle ensures more consistent civilization when compared to places outside China24
10659561182QinGlobal connection/interaction: 1st Chinese empire: rulers are truly "Sons of Heaven" Absolutism remains part of Chinese history until 191125
10659561183HanGlobal connection/interaction: The bureaucracy was very effective and their technological innovations were very advanced. ....China was the source of the world's largest overland trade network; the Silk Roads. It established global trading patterns. In the late classical era, China had contact with Korea, Vietnam and central Asian nomads. During the decline, the Silk road wasn't used as much because safety wasn't ensured.26

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