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| 2809919978 | Kush | Egyptians name for Nubia,the region alongside Nile River south of Egypt, Deeply influenced by Egyptian culture and times controlled by Egypt. | 0 | |
| 2809920579 | Meroe | Capital of flourishing Kingdom in southern Nubia. Nubian culture shows more independence from Egypt and the influence from Egypt. | 1 | |
| 2809920879 | Celts | Peoples sharing a common language and culture that originated in Central Europe in the first half of the first millennium B.C.E.. After 500 B.C.E. they spread as far as Anatolia in the east, Spain and the British Isles in the west, conquered by Romans. | 2 | |
| 2809921417 | Druids | Class of religious experts who conducted rituals and preserved sacred lore among some ancient Celtic peoples. They provided education, mediated disputes between kinship groups, and were suppressed by the Romans as a potential focus of opposition to Roman rule. | 3 | |
| 2809921418 | Olmec | (1400 B.C.E. to 500 B.C.E.) First Mesoamerican civilization,lived in rainforests along the Gulf of Mexico, developed calendar and constructed public buildings and temples, carried on trade with other groups. | 4 | |
| 2809921832 | Chavin | First major urban civilization in South America (900-250 B.C.E.) . It's capital, Chavín de Huantar, was located in the Andes Mountains of Peru. Chavín became politically and economically dominant in a densely populated region that included two distinct ecological zones, the Peruvian Costal Plain and the Andean Foothills. | 5 | |
| 2809921833 | Llama | hoofed animal indigenous to the Andes Mountains in South America. it was the only domesticated beast of burden in the Americas before the arrival of Europeans. it provided meat and wool. the use of lamas to transport goods made possible specialized production and trade among people living in different ecological zones and fostered the integration of these zones by Chavin and later Andean states. | 6 | |
| 2810010086 | Iron Age | Iron Age began around 1000 B.C.E. and was characterized by the increased production of iron, rather than bronze, for materials. Iron provided more powerful weapons, and allowed forgers to vary the hardness by adding carbon. | 7 | |
| 2810010087 | Hittites | Were a powerful people from Anatolia (modern-day Turkey) who emerged as a rival to Assyria. It is believed that the Hittites were the first to develop iron metallurgy. | 8 | |
| 2810011134 | Hatshepsut | Was one of the few known female pharaohs of ancient Egypt. She was known for sending a trading expedition to Punt (thought to be modern-day Sudan or Eritrea) to find the source of myrrh. After her death, images of her were defaced and destroyed. | 9 | |
| 2810011650 | Akhenaten | An ancient Egyptian pharaoh who was known for only allowing worship of the sun god Aten, and closing the temples of other gods. Akhenaten also created a more natural form of art. After Akhenaten's death, the temples of other gods were reopened by the priests. | 10 | |
| 2810013505 | Ramesses II | An Egyptian pharaoh and a member of the Ramesside dynasty, whose main concern was to continue expanding the empire. Ramesses II was known for his large number of monument building projects, and was believed to have fathered over 100 children. | 11 | |
| 2810014056 | Minoan | the first complex civilization in ancient Greece, and arose on the island of Crete. Minoan civilization was characterized by religious temples, and pottery found on Crete shows that the Minoans likely traded with Egypt and other surrounding civilizations. | 12 | |
| 2810014461 | Mycenae | Mycenaean civilization was an ancient civilization on mainland Greece. It is believed that it was the Mycenaean civilization that destroyed the temples on Crete, since they later took over the Minoan civilization. | 13 | |
| 2810015137 | Shaft Graves | Deep shafts containing human remains as well as jewelry and ornaments. The discovery of these graves in ancient Greece shows that some people of the Mycenaean civilization had the ability to acquire great wealth. | 14 | |
| 2810028204 | Linear B | An ancestral language to modern Greek that uses pictorial signs for syllables. Linear B was used to keep control of the economy of ancient Greece through careful counting of debts. | 15 | |
| 2810028205 | Israel | The land occupied by the Israelites, and it lies at the crossroads of Anatolia, Egypt, Arabia, and Mesopotamia. It is told that a man from Mesopotamia named Abraham took a group of herders to Israel, and settled there. | 16 | |
| 2810028883 | Hebrew Bible | Compilation of interpretations of events in the history of the Middle East, and was written in the Hebrew language. This compilation serves as one of the major sources of written history for the region. | 17 | |
| 2810028884 | First Temple | A temple built in Jerusalem by Solomon, the king of Israel. This temple served as a link between religious and political rules. | 18 | |
| 2810029684 | Monotheism | Belief in a single, all-powerful God. The Israelites are credited with creating the first true monotheistic religion, Judaism, during the separation of Israel and Judah. | 19 | |
| 2810029685 | Diaspora | Greek word meaning "dispersal," used to describe the communities of a given ethnic group living outside their homeland. Jews, for example, spread from Israel to western Asia and Mediterranean lands in antiquity and today can be found throughout the world. | 20 | |
| 2810030749 | Phoenicians | Semitic-speaking Canaanites living on the coast of modern Lebanon and Syria in the first millennium B.C.E. From major cities such as Tyre and Sidon, Phoenician merchants and sailors explored the Mediterranean, and engaged in widespread commerce, and founded Carthage and other colonies in the western Mediterranean. | 21 | |
| 2810031254 | Carthage | City located in present-day Tunisia, founded by Phoenicians ca. 800 B.C.E. It became a major commercial center and naval power in the western Mediterranean until defeated by Rome in the third century B.C.E. | 22 |
