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| 10751462342 | Mandate of Heaven | Definition: belief that heaven appoints a ruler. A ruler who was cruel may lose his mandate to heaven. Developed by Zhou to overthrow Shang dynasty, but became popular because of its moral explanation of history. Significance: It means the Chinese government will try to be on their best behavior, since bad behavior could result in their overthrow (pg 77) | 0 | |
| 10751462343 | Agricultural Revolution | Definition: a period of agricultural development. Increase of productivity and net out put. Broke food scarity cycles. Significance: It changed the course of history and has led to better clothing, richer people more food, and happier people. Led to a complicated society (pg 68) | 1 | |
| 10751462344 | Code of Hammurabi | Definition: a set of laws drawn up by King Hammurabi of Babylon. The earliest legal code known (18th century) Significance: first set of rules to be written down. Set prefisis (sp) for the rest of history | 2 | |
| 10751462385 | Patriarchy | 3 | ||
| 10751462345 | Cuneiform | Definition: written language of wedge shaped symbols Significance: used in Mesopotamia; how people communicated and passed on into history | 4 | |
| 10751462346 | Indo-European | Definition: a series of tribes from southern Russia who, over a period of time, embarked on a series of migrations from India through western Europe. Greatest legacy and broad distribution of languages; aka Aryans | 5 | |
| 10751462347 | Satraps | a provincial governor in the ancient Persian empire, for the ancient Median and Achaemenid Empires | 6 | |
| 10751462348 | Persepolis | The capital and greatest palace-city of the Persian Empire, destroyed by Alexander the Great. | 7 | |
| 10751462349 | Hellenes | name the ancient Greeks called themselves as the people of Hellas | 8 | |
| 10751462350 | Citizenship | informed and active membership in a political community | 9 | |
| 10751462351 | Alexander and his conquests | tutored by Aristotle, he became one of history's most successful generals. His conquests included lands like Egypt and the Persian Empire. | 10 | |
| 10751462352 | Alexandria | City on the Mediterranean coast of Egypt founded by Alexander. It became the capital of the Hellenistic kingdom of Ptolemy. It contained the famous Library and the Museum and was a center for leading scientific and literary figures in the classical and post classical eras. | 11 | |
| 10751462353 | Pater Familias | The male head of a family or household. The father could do anything. Arrange marriages for his daughter, sell them to slavery, and even execute them | 12 | |
| 10751462354 | Augustus | An emporer named Octavian, who later took the title of "Augustus". He was a Roman statesman who established the Roman Empire. He defeated Mark and Cleopatra. | 13 | |
| 10751462355 | Pax romana | The Roman peace era. It's greatest extent and authority. 2nd century. Provided security and prosperity. | 14 | |
| 10751462356 | Qin Shihuangdi | The first emperor of unified China. Founder of Qin dynasty. Prince of state of Qin.He burnt books and executed many people.Laid boundaries and rules for a unified Chinese state. Launched military campain to reunify China. | 15 | |
| 10751462386 | Han Wudi | 16 | ||
| 10751462357 | Xiongnu | A confederation of nomadic people. They inhabited the Eastern Asian Steppe from the 3rd to the 1st century. | 17 | |
| 10751462358 | Julius Caesar | 100-44 B.C. Roman general who named himself dictator for life and ended the republic in 45 B.C. He was the first Emperor and started the roman Empire. | 18 | |
| 10751462359 | Filial piety | In Confucian thought, one of the virtues to be cultivated, a love and respect for one's parents and ancestors. This also dictated that the king should treat his people as his kids with respect and they should treat him like a father. | 19 | |
| 10751462360 | Dao | Chinese belief that nature should take it's course and go uninterrupted (go with the flow mentality). | 20 | |
| 10751462361 | Vedas and Upanishads | Sacred writings of Hinduism interpreted by priests called Brahman. | 21 | |
| 10751462362 | Hindu doctrine | The first of the five strands of Hinduism is doctrine, as expressed in a vast textual tradition anchored to the Veda ("Knowledge"), the oldest core of Hindu religious utterance, and organized through the centuries primarily by members of the learned Brahman class. Synthesises religion with philosophy, and religious commitment with a reflective search for truth. It does not generally exhort its followers to declare allegiance to a particular faith, belief, or creed. Brahman: the world soul Atman: The human soul Samsara: the cycle of life, death, and rebirth Karma: The good and Bad deeds that determine your next life. Also affects if good or bad things happen to you in a life. Maksha: liberation from the cycle and union with Brahman. | 22 | |
| 10751462363 | Buddhist doctrine | Siddharta Gautama was the founder and came from Kshatriya family; core of the Buddhist doctrine, known as the Four Noble Truths, teaches that all life involves suffering, desire is the cause of suffering, elimination of desire removes suffering, done by the Eightfold Path (calls for individuals to lead balanced and moderate lives); dharma is the basic doctrine, but it involves the Four Noble Truths and Eightfold Path | 23 | |
| 10751462364 | Theravada and Mahayana Buddhism | The two subsects of Buddhism. Theravada focuses on self help and didn't have any outworldly beings. Mahayana sees the Buddha almost like a God and includes a form of salvation. | 24 | |
| 10751462365 | 4 Noble Truths and Noble 8-Fold Path | The truths about suffering the Buddha developed during meditation, and the path to ending suffering. | 25 | |
| 10751462366 | Ashoka | Leader of the Mauryan dynasty of India who conquered most of India but eventually gave up violence and converted to Buddhism and as well started to promote it. | 26 | |
| 10751462367 | Saint Paul | The first great missionary of Christianity (10-65 C.E.). One of the main reasons for the early spread of Christianity to non-Jews. | 27 | |
| 10751462368 | Coptic Christianity | One of the many forms of Christianity developed from the spread of Christianity that is most dominant in Egypt. | 28 | |
| 10751462369 | Stoics or Stoicism | Ancient Greek philosophy that stated that | 29 | |
| 10751462370 | Wang Mang | interrupted Han rule for around 15 years to rule China; tried helping the poor by establishing granaries and land reform, tried to counteract the inequality between landlords and peasants | 30 | |
| 10751462371 | Scholar-gentry | The Chinese class of well-educated men from whom many bureaucrats were chosen, politicians or government officials appointed by emperor during Han Dynasty | 31 | |
| 10751462372 | Yellow Turban Rebellion | A major Chinese peasant revolt that began in 184 C.E. and helped cause the fall of the Han dynasty inspired by Daoist beliefs. | 32 | |
| 10751462373 | Varnas and Jatis | -The 4 Ranked Varnas - Brahmins (priests), Kshatriyas (warriors), Vaishyas (commoners that cultivated the land), Shundras (low ranked natives) - Occupation-based castes (categories) that contribute heavily to social hierarchy These are classifications of the traditional Indian society. Chinese society had castes as well where political officials were highest, and the caste division was not as strict. | 33 | |
| 10751462374 | Latifundia | in Roman Empire, large agricultural estates owned by usually wealthy families or corporations worked normally by slaves. Contributed to the growth of unfair power that landlords had which lead to the slave revolt. | 34 | |
| 10751462375 | Spartacus | slave, trained as a gladiator, who led a rebellion against the roman army for slave freedom | 35 | |
| 10751462376 | Patricians and Plebeians | Patricians were the wealthy aristocrats of Rome, while Plebeians were the commoners. Plebeians tried to have equal rights to the Patricians. | 36 | |
| 10751462377 | King Ezana of Axum | King of African civilization of Axum who converted to Christianity. 60% of the people in that region (northern Ethiopia) still practice it today. | 37 | |
| 10751462378 | Jenne-Jeno | One of the first urbanized centers in western Africa. A city home to 50,000 people at its height. Evidence suggests domestication of agriculture and trade with nearby regions. | 38 | |
| 10751462379 | Tikal | Large ancient Mayan city between the 4th-9th centuries. It had temples, pyramids, palaces, and public buildings. | 39 | |
| 10751462380 | Teotihuacan | Ancient Mesoamerican city, which built many pyramid temples. Home to 100,000 - 200,000 people, but expanded over time to include parts of the Mayan empire. | 40 | |
| 10751462381 | Gender Parallelism Ava | Bantu-speaking people saw men and women as equal, whose roles were both necessary. Kings often ruled alongside powerful women. | 41 | |
| 10751462382 | Silk Roads | D: A system of ancient caravan long-distance trade routes across Central Asia, along which traders carried silk and other expensive trade goods as well as belief systems. S: The silk roads connected many diverse peoples and products, but most importantly spread Buddhism around East Asia, making it one of the most prominent religions in the world. In addition, the Silk Roads facilitated the spread of the Bubonic Plague. | 42 | |
| 10751462383 | Xiongnu | D: The Xiognu were a nomadic people who inhabited the steppes of Central Asia and posed a threat to the Chinese for most of the time of ancient China. S: Although the Chinese tried to appease them with lavish gifts and arranged marriages to young Chinese royalty, they still posed a threat. At the fall of the Han dynasty, the Xiognu established the Zhao dynasty. | 43 | |
| 10751462384 | Roman Empire | D: The Roman Empire was an enormous Latin-speaking empire that spanned most of Western Europe and the Mediterranean. S: The Roman Empire laid the foundation for ideas of a Republic. In addition, it serves as a cultural and linguistic basis for Western Europe as well as a vehicle for the spread of Christianity. | 44 | |
| 10751462387 | Buddhism | 45 | ||
| 10751462388 | Dunhuang | 46 | ||
| 10751462389 | Monsoons | 47 |
