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AP World History: The Mongols Flashcards

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5566159014pastoralists1) lived in smaller, less dense populations 2) lived in kinship based clans or tribes 3) generally more egalitarian 4) mobile and nomadic 5) all about their domesticated animals 6) interacted with neighboring agricultural societies 7) excellent military skills and training 8) sometimes formed larger military confederations/empires 9) centralized political unity was difficult to maintain0
5566254194MasaiEast Africa1
5566256414FulbeWest Africa2
5566258337Xiongnu1) first to create a large military empire 2) during Han and Qin dynasty 3) Central Asia3
5566270155Turks1) Central Asia 2) spread Islam4
5566277674Arabs1) Middle East (Arabian Peninsula) 2) spread Islam5
5566303240Mongol rise to power1) arose out of a fragmented and unstable collection of tribes and clans 2) united by a single charismatic leader named Temujin 3) had superior and devastating military strength.6
5566326616What the Mongols ruled/conquered1) broke their empire into 4 Khanates 2) Central Asia (China, Persia, Russia), parts of the Middle East and Eastern Europe 3) largest (land based) empire in human history 4) 1259: conquered Abbasid empire 5) 1279: conquered Song Dynasty China7
55663506524 Mongol Khanates1) Great Khanate 2) Khanate of Jagadai 3) IL-Khanate of Persia 4) Khanate of the Golden Horde8
5566379967How the Mongols ruled socially1) replaced existing elites with themselves 2) relied on local, lower level elites to help them rule9
5566379968How the Mongols ruled politically1) elaborate census taking (to tax them) 2) moved officials around to best utilize them10
5566383831How the Mongols ruled culturallyculturally and religiously tolerant as long as authority wasn't questioned11
5566387641How the Mongols ruled economically1) promoted and encouraged long distance trade so they could tax it 2) made trade safer; revived Silk Road trade 3) more interaction within Eurasian Worlds than ever before12
5566430370How the Mongols ruled China1) 1209-1279: conquests of China 2) 1268: control of China ends 3) kept many elements of Chinese rule 4) had discriminatory laws against the Chinese 5) no Mongols learned or adopted Chinese culture13
5566430371How the Mongols ruled Persia1) 1219-1258: conquest of Persia 2) kept Persian bureaucracy 3) many Mongols intermarried, learned Persian, adopted Persian culture, and converted to Islam 4) 1330s: control of Persia disintegrates14
5566432437How the Mongols ruled Russia1) 1237-1240: conquest of Russia 2) 1480: control of Russia ends did not rule Russia within Russia15
5634864382Why did the Mongol empire fall?1) power struggles whenever a Khanate died 2) conquered peoples reasserted their independent authority and rebelled 3) the Black Death (1347-1350) hurt the Mongols economically16
5634874490The legacy of the Mongols1) Silk Road trade fell apart and never recovered (oceanic trade dominates) 2) facilitated a vast cultural and technological trade 3) Europe started to undertake new efforts to connect with the world after 1400s17

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