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| 7077011203 | Key concept 2.1 | The development and codifacation of religious and cultural traditions | 0 | |
| 7077011204 | Key concept 2.1 #1 | Codification(arranging into an organized system) and further developments of existing religious traditions provided a bond among people and an ethical code to live by. | 1 | |
| 7077011205 | Key concept 2.1 #1 a. | The association of monotheism with Judasim/Hebrew Scriptures showed Mesopotamian influences around 600B.C.E and 70 C.E.; the Assyrian, Babylonian, and Roman Empires created Jewish diaspora( scattering of Jews in Mediterranean and Middle East) and destroyed the kingdom of Israel as a theocracy. | 2 | |
| 7077011206 | Key concept 2.1 #1 b. | The Vedic scriptures formed the basis of Hinduism/some influence of info-European caste system/ importance of multiple manifestations of Brahma to teach reincarnation and they contributed to the development of the social and political roles of a caste system. | 3 | |
| 7077011207 | Key concept 2.1 #2 | New belief systems and cultural traditions emerged and spread, often asserting universal truths | 4 | |
| 7077011208 | Key concept 2.1 #2 a. | The core beliefs preached by the historic Buddha/ a reaction to the Vedic beliefs and rituals/ recorded by followers into sutras and other scriptures/ collections of sutras over time/ Buddhism changed over time as it spread in Asia/ supported by Ashoka Maurya first, the throughly the efforts of missionaries and merchants/ establishment of educational institutions promote its teachings. | 5 | |
| 7077011209 | Key concept 2.1 #2 b. | Confucianism's core beliefs and writings from Confucius/ elaborated by key disciples to promote social harmony by proper rituals and social relationships for all people in China, including rulers. | 6 | |
| 7077011210 | Key concept 2.1 #2 c. | Daoist writings(such as the Daodejing aka Tao Te Ching)/ core belief of balance between humans and nature/ the Chinese political system altered indirectly/ Daoism influenced development of Chinese culture (medical theories and practices, poetry, metallurgy or agricultural). | 7 | |
| 7077011211 | Key concept 2.1 #2 d. | The core beliefs of Jesus of Nazareth from the monotheism of Judasim/initially rejected Roman and Hellenistic influences/ Despite Roman imperial hostility Christianity spread by missionaries and merchants in parts of Afro-Euraisa/ eventually gained Roman imperial support under Emeror Constantine. | 8 | |
| 7077011212 | Key concept 2.1 #2 E. | The core ideas in Greco-Roman philosophy/ science emphasized logic, empirical observation, the nature of political power and hierarchy. | 9 | |
| 7077011213 | Key concept 2.1 #3 | Belief systems affected gender roles: some reinforced existing social structures while others offered new roles: Buddhism's encouragement of a monastic life/ Confucianism's emphasis on filial piety | 10 | |
| 7077011214 | Key concept 2.1 #4 | Other religious and cultural traditions, including, shamanism, animism, and ancestor veneration, persisted. | 11 | |
| 7077011215 | Key concept 2.1 #4 a. | Shamanism/ animism continued to shape people within and outside of core civilizations/ Daily reliance on the natural world. | 12 | |
| 7077011216 | Key concept 2.1 #4 b. | Ancestors veneration in many regions( such as in Africa, the Mediterranean region, East Asia or the Andean areas). | 13 | |
| 7077011217 | Key concept 2.2 | The development of states and empires | 14 | |
| 7077011218 | Key concept 2.2 #1 | The number and size of imperial societies grew by imposing political unity on areas where previously there had been competing states | 15 | |
| 7077011219 | Key concept 2.2 #1 a. | Southwest Asia: Persian empires( Achaemenid, Parthian, or Sassanid) | 16 | |
| 7077011220 | Key concept 2.2 #1 b. | East Asia: Qin Han dynasties | 17 | |
| 7077011221 | Key concept 2.2 #1 c. | South Asia: Maurya and Gupta empires | 18 | |
| 7077011222 | Key concept 2.2 #1 d. | Mediterranean region: Phoenician and Greek colonization, Hellenistic and Roman empires | 19 | |
| 7077011223 | Key concept 2.2 #1 e. | Mesoamerica: Teotihuacan, maya city-states | 20 | |
| 7077011224 | Key concepts 2.2 #1 f. | Andean South America: Moche | 21 | |
| 7077011225 | Key concept 2.2 #1 g. | North America: Chaco to Cahokia | 22 | |
| 7077011226 | Key concept 2.2 #2 | Empires and states developed new techniques of imperial administration, based, in part, on the success of earlier political forms. | 23 | |
| 7077011227 | Key concept 2.2 #2 a. | Rulers created administration institutions- centralized governments, elaborate legal systems and bureaucracies: an administrative system, especially in a government, that divides work into specific categories carried out by special departments of nonelected officials to organize their subjects. | 24 | |
| 7077011228 | Key concept 2.2 #2 b. | Imperial governments projected military power over large areas with variety of techniques-diplomacy; developing supply lines; building fortifications,defensive walls and roads; new groups of military officers and soldiers from the local populations or conquered peoples | 25 | |
| 7077011229 | Key concept 2.2 #3 | Unique and social and economic dimensions developed in imperial societies in Afro-Eurasia and the America | 26 | |
| 7077011230 | Key concept 2.2 #3 a. | Cities as centers of trade, public performance of religious rituals, and political administration for states and empires. | 27 | |
| 7077011231 | Key concept 2.2 #3 b. | The social structures of empires displayed hierarchies that included cultivators, laborer, slaves, artisans, merchants, elites, and caste groups. | 28 | |
| 7077011232 | Key concept 2.2 #3 c. | Empires relied on a range of labor systems to maintain the production of food and provide rewards for the loyalty of the elites, including corvée, slavery, rents and tributes, peasant communities, and family and household production | 29 | |
| 7077011233 | Key concept 2.2 #3 d. | Patriarchy continues to shape gender and family relationships in all imperial societies | 30 | |
| 7077011234 | Key concept 2.2 #4 | The Roman, Han, Persian, Mauryan, and Gupta empires encountered political, cultural and administrative difficulties that they could not manage, which led to their decline, collapse, and transformation into successor empires or states. | 31 | |
| 7077011235 | Key concept 2.2 #4 a. | Excessive mobilization of resources/ imperial governments generated social tension and created economic difficulties by concentrating too much on wealth in the hands of the elites. | 32 | |
| 7077011236 | Key concept 2.2 #4 b. | Security issues along their frontiers, including the threat of invasions, challenged imperial authority. | 33 | |
| 7077011237 | Key concept 2.3 | Emergence of inter-regional networks of communication and exchange | 34 | |
| 7077011238 | Key concept 2.3 #1 | Land and water routes became the basis for the interregional trade, communication, and exchange networks in the Eastern Hemisphere. | 35 | |
| 7077011239 | Key concept 2.3 #1 a. | Many factors: climate and location of the routes, the typical trade goods, and the ethnicity of people involved = creation of distinctive features of trade routes, including: 1)Eurasian silk roads 2) trans-Sahara caravan routs 3) Indian Ocean sea lanes 4) Mediterranean Sea lanes | 36 | |
| 7077011240 | Key concept 2.3 #2 | New technologies facilitated long-distance communication and exchange. | 37 | |
| 7077011241 | Key concept 2.3 #2 a. | New technologies permitted the use of domesticated pack animals to transport goods across longer routs | 38 | |
| 7077011242 | Key concept 2.3 #2 b. | Innovations in maritime technologies and advanced knowledge of the monsoon winds = stimulated exchanges along maritime routes from east Africa to east Asia | 39 | |
| 7077011243 | Key concept 2.3 #3 | Alongside the trade in goods, the exchange of people, technology, religious and cultural beliefs, food crops, domesticated animals, and disease pathogens developed across extensive networks of communication and exchange | 40 | |
| 7077011244 | Key concept 2.3 #3 a. | The spread of crops including rice and cotton for South Asia to the Middle East encouraged changes in farming and irrigation techniques | 41 | |
| 7077011245 | Key concept 2.3 #3 b. | The spread of disease pathogens diminished urban population last and contributed to the decline of some empires. | 42 | |
| 7077011246 | Key concept 2.3 #3 c. | Religious and cultural traditions- including Christianity, Hinduism, and Buddhism- were transformed as they spread | 43 |
