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| 1575557294 | Akkadian Empire | Began in 2350 BCE when Sargon - King of Akkad - began conquering Sumerian cities. The empire was the first to unite city-states under a single ruler and ruled for 200 years. | 0 | |
| 1575557295 | Amon-Re | Egyptian sun god | 1 | |
| 1575557296 | amulets | An object worn, especially around the neck, as a charm against evil or injury. | 2 | |
| 1575557297 | Analects | a record of the words and acts of Confucius and his disciples | 3 | |
| 1575557298 | Aryans | the Indo-European people who crossed into India around 1500 BC | 4 | |
| 1575557299 | Assyrians | Known as a warrior people who ruthlessly conquered neighboring countries; their empire stretched from east to north of the Tigris River all the way to centeral Egypt; used ladders, weapons like iron-tipped spears, daggers and swords, tunnels, and fearful military tactics to gain strength in their empire | 5 | |
| 1575557300 | Babylonians | An ancient empire of Mesopotamia in the Euphrates River valley who, under Hammurabi, conquered the Sumerians and adopted aspects of their culture. | 6 | |
| 1575557301 | Book of the Dead | A collection of hymns, prayers and spells that formed a guide to the afterlife in Egypt | 7 | |
| 1575557302 | Book of Songs | collection of 305 of the earliest Chinese poems. Poems deal with political themes, ritual, and romance. | 8 | |
| 1575557303 | cataracts | areas where the water is too swift and rocky to allow boats to pass | 9 | |
| 1575557304 | Chavin | the first major South American civilization, which flourished in the highlands of what is now Peru from about 900 to 200 B.C. | 10 | |
| 1575557305 | city-state | A small independent state consisting of an urban center and the surrounding agricultural territory. A characteristic political form in early Mesopotamia, Archaic and Classical Greece, Phoenicia, and early Italy. | 11 | |
| 1575557306 | civilization | A complex society that has language, religion, a division of labor, and a social hierarchy. There is also a food supply and a political system. | 12 | |
| 1575557307 | Confucianism | philosophy that adheres to the teachings of the Chinese philosopher Confucius. It shows the way to ensure a stable government and an orderly society in the present world and stresses a moral code of conduct. | 13 | |
| 1575557308 | cosmopolitanism | the shared cultures and lifestyles that result when different groups are in regular contact | 14 | |
| 1575557309 | cultural hearths | the geographic origins or sources of innovations, ideas, or ideologies | 15 | |
| 1575557310 | cuneiform | A form of writing developed by the Sumerians using a wedge shaped stylus and clay tablets. | 16 | |
| 1575557311 | Dravidian | main language in southern India | 17 | |
| 1575557312 | dynastic cycles | the circle of change the chinese dynasties went through; establishing power, successful rule, decline, collapse, rise of a new dynasty | 18 | |
| 1575557313 | Epic of Gilgamesh | The world's oldest literary masterpiece, it centered about the King of Uruk. The book was made up of a series of adventures that focused around the themes of friendship, loyalty, ambition, and fear of death. | 19 | |
| 1575557314 | Fertile Crescent | A geographical area of fertile land in the Middle East stretching in a broad semicircle from the Nile to the Tigris and Euphrates | 20 | |
| 1575557315 | Hammurabi | Ruler of Babylon (r. 1792-1750 B.C.E.). He conquered many city-states in southern and northern Mesopotamia. | 21 | |
| 1575557316 | Hammurabi's Code | first known written law code, on black stone pillar, 282 laws & their punishments | 22 | |
| 1575557317 | Harappa | A large ancient city of the Indus civilization, created in present-day Pakistan | 23 | |
| 1575557318 | Hatshepsut | First female pharaoh who expanded Egypt through trade | 24 | |
| 1575557319 | Hittites | An ancient Anatolian group whose empire at largest extent consisted of most of the Middle East. Some of the first two-wheeled chariots and iron. | 25 | |
| 1575557320 | Horus | Egyptian sky god, represented by the pharaohs | 26 | |
| 1575557321 | Hyksos | A pastoral group of unknown ethnicity that invaded Egypt and ruled in the north from 1650 to 1535 BCE. Their dominance was based on their use of horses, chariots, and bronze technology | 27 | |
| 1575557322 | Isis | Egyptian goddess of fertility; wife of Osiris | 28 | |
| 1575557323 | labor systems | Coordinated efforts to get work done | 29 | |
| 1575557324 | Late Bronze Age | 1700-1100 BCE - also called Mycenaean Age - web of cultures and commerce | 30 | |
| 1575557325 | law code | written set of laws | 31 | |
| 1575557326 | loess | A fine, light silt deposited by wind and water. It constitutes the fertile soil of the Yellow River Valley in northern China. | 32 | |
| 1575557327 | ma'at | Egyptian term for the concept of divinely created and maintained order in the universe. | 33 | |
| 1575557328 | Mandate of Heaven | Chinese religious and political ideology developed by the Zhou, was the prerogative of Heaven, the chief deity, to grant power to the ruler of China. | 34 | |
| 1575557329 | matrilineal | relating to a social system in which family descent and inheritance rights are traced through the mother | 35 | |
| 1575557330 | Menes | 1st Pharaoh & unifier of Lower & Upper Egypt | 36 | |
| 1575557331 | Mesopotamia | first civilization located between the Tigris & Eurphrates Rivers in present day Iraq; term means "land between the rivers;" Sumerian culture | 37 | |
| 1575557332 | Minoans | A civilization that developed on Crete in about 1,600 B.C.E.; capital at the palace complex of Knossos, named after legendary King Minos | 38 | |
| 1575557333 | Mohenjo-Daro | Indus Valley city laid out in a grid pattern. Had a complex irrigation and sewer system. | 39 | |
| 1575557334 | monsoon rains | created by seasonal winds crossing the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia during the summertime | 40 | |
| 1575557335 | Myceneans | Invaded Minoans on Crete in 1400 BC- controlled in Aegean and parts of Mediterranean sea- great sea power-got wealth from conquering and sea trade- | 41 | |
| 1575557336 | Olmec | The first Mesoamerican civilization. Between ca. 1200 and 400 B.C.E., the Olmec people of central Mexico created a vibrant civilization that included intensive agriculture, wide-ranging trade, ceremonial centers, and monumental construction. | 42 | |
| 1575557337 | oracle bones | Cattle bones or tortoise shells on which Chinese priests would write questions and then interpret answers from the cracks that formed when the bones were heated | 43 | |
| 1575557338 | papyrus | A long-lasting, paper-like material made from reeds | 44 | |
| 1575557339 | patriarchy | A male-dominated society in which all important public and private power is held by men | 45 | |
| 1575557340 | pharoah | A king of ancient Egypt, considered a god as well as a political leader | 46 | |
| 1575557341 | pictographs | pictures that stand for words or ideas; picture writing | 47 | |
| 1575557342 | Rosetta Stone | A huge stone slab inscribed with hieroglyphics, Greek, and a later form of Egyptian that allowed historians to understand Egyptian writing. | 48 | |
| 1575557343 | Semitic | Family of languages spoken in West Asia and northern Africa, including Hebrew, Aramaic, and Phoenician | 49 | |
| 1575557344 | shaman | Somebody who communicates with the spiritual realms on behalf of the living. | 50 | |
| 1575557345 | Shang Dynasty | (1766-1122 BCE) First recorded Chinese civilization. Developed along Huange He (Yellow) River. Advancements include pictographic writing system and bronze casting. Declined when overpowered by the Zhou | 51 | |
| 1575557346 | shi | bureaucrat or administrator in Chinese government | 52 | |
| 1575557347 | social mobility | The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. | 53 | |
| 1575557348 | Sumerians | Mesopotamian people who established one of the earliest civilizations in the Fertile Crescent; cultural achievements include cuneiform writing system and ziggurat temples | 54 | |
| 1575557349 | systems failure | A breakdown of the political, social, and economic systems that supported a civilization | 55 | |
| 1575557350 | theocracy | A government controlled by religious leaders | 56 | |
| 1575557351 | tribute | forced payment, often for protection | 57 | |
| 1575557352 | vassals | In return for protection and land, they swore their allegiance to the lord and would fight for him | 58 | |
| 1575557353 | Xia Dynasty | The first dynasty according to legend. There is no real evidence of its existance First Chinese dynasty whose ruler Yu developed flood control and irrigation projects along the along Yellow River; Huang He, 2,000 B.C. | 59 | |
| 1575557354 | Zhao Dynasty | 1045-256 BC: longest lasting Chinese dynasty, king ruled with a bureaucracy, mandate of heaven. | 60 | |
| 1575557355 | ziggurats | A temple tower of the ancient Mesopotamians having the form of a terraced pyramid of successively receding stories. | 61 |
