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| 14992861929 | Sui Dynasty | The short dynasty between the Han and the Tang; built the Grand Canal, strengthened the government, and introduced Buddhism to China. | 0 | |
| 14992861930 | Tang Dynasty | (618-907 CE) The Chinese dynasty that was much like the Han, who used Confucianism. This dynasty had the equal-field system, a bureaucracy based on merit, and a Confucian education system. | 1 | |
| 14992861931 | Song Dynasty | During this Chinese dynasty (960 - 1279 AD) China saw many important inventions. There was a magnetic compass; had a navy; traded with india and persia (brought pepper and cotton); paper money, gun powder; landscape black and white paintings. | 2 | |
| 14992861932 | Gunpowder | Invented within China during the 9th century, this substance was became the dominate military technology used to expand European and Asian empires by the 15th century. | 3 | |
| 14992861933 | Foot Binding | Practice in Chinese society to mutilate women's feet in order to make them smaller; produced pain and restricted women's movement; made it easier to confine women to the household. | 4 | |
| 14992861934 | tribute system | Chinese method of dealing with foreign lands and peoples that assumed the subordination of all non-Chinese authorities and required the payment of tribute—produce of value from their countries—to the Chinese emperor (although the Chinese gifts given in return were often much more valuable). | 5 | |
| 14992861935 | Xiongnu | A confederation of nomadic peoples living beyond the northwest frontier of ancient China. Chinese rulers tried a variety of defenses and stratagems to ward off these 'barbarians,' as they called them, and dispersed them in 1st Century. (168) | 6 | |
| 14992861936 | Silla Dynasty | Korean dynasty that ruled from 668 to 935 | 7 | |
| 14992861937 | Hangul | alphabet that uses symbols to represent the sounds of spoken Korean | 8 | |
| 14992861938 | Chinese Buddhism | Buddhism was China's only large-scale cultural borrowing before the twentieth century; Buddhism entered China from India in the first and second centuries C.E. but only became popular in 300-800 C.E. through a series of cultural accommodations. At first supported by the state, Buddhism suffered persecution during the ninth century but continued to play a role in Chinese society. | 9 | |
| 14992861939 | Emperor Wendi | Emperor Wen of Sui, was the first emperor of China's Sui Dynasty. He established a series of policies aimed at restoring a unified Chinese culture & identity, since the north had been subject to strong Turkish-Mongolian cultural influences for many years at this point, while the culture of the more dominantly Chinese south developed in a different direction. A new law code attempted to count all as equal under the law. | 10 | |
| 14992861940 | Quran | the sacred writings of Islam revealed by God to the prophet Muhammad during his life at Mecca and Medina | 11 | |
| 14992861941 | Umma | The community of all Muslims. A major innovation against the background of seventh-century Arabia, where traditionally kinship rather than faith had determined membership in a community. | 12 | |
| 14992861942 | Hijra | The Migration of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina in A.D. 622, marking the founding of Islam | 13 | |
| 14992861943 | Sharia | Body of Islamic law that includes interpretation of the Quran and applies Islamic principles to everyday life | 14 | |
| 14992861944 | Jizya | tax paid by Christians and Jews who lived in Muslim communities to allow them to continue to practice their own religion | 15 | |
| 14992861945 | Umayyad Caliphate | (661-750 CE) The Islamic caliphate that established a capital at Damascus, conquered North Africa, the Iberian Pennisula, Southwest Asia, and Persia, and had a bureaucracy with only Arab Muslims able to be a part of it. | 16 | |
| 14992861946 | Abbasid Caliphate | (750-1258 CE) The caliphate, after the Umayyads, who focused more on administration than conquering. Had a bureaucracy that any Mulim could be a part of. | 17 | |
| 14992861947 | Sufism | An Islamic mystical tradition that desired a personal union with God--divine love through intuition rather than through rational deduction and study of the shari'a. Followed an ascetic routine (denial of physical desire to gain a spiritual goal), dedicating themselves to fasting, prayer, meditation on the Qur'an, and the avoidance of sin. | 18 | |
| 14992861948 | Sikhism | Indian religion founded by the guru Nanak (1469-1539) in the Punjab region of northwest India. After the Mughal emperor ordered the beheading of the ninth guru in 1675, warriors from this group mounted armed resistance to Mughal rule. | 19 | |
| 14992861949 | Ibn Battuta | Moroccan Muslim scholar, the most widely traveled individual of his time. He wrote a detailed account of his visits to Islamic lands from China to Spain and the western Sudan. | 20 | |
| 14992861950 | Timbuktu | City on the Niger River in the modern country of Mali. It was founded by the Tuareg as a seasonal camp sometime after 1000. As part of the Mali empire, Timbuktu became a major major terminus of the trans-Saharan trade and a center of Islamic learning. | 21 | |
| 14992861951 | Al-Andalus | A Muslim-ruled region in what is now Spain, established by the Berbers in the eighth century A.D. | 22 | |
| 14992861952 | Mansa Musa | Emperor of the kingdom of Mali in Africa. He made a famous pilgrimage to Mecca and established trade routes to the Middle East. | 23 | |
| 14992861953 | Madrassas | Formal colleges for higher institutions in the teaching of Islam as well as in secular subjects founded throughout the Islamic world in beginning in the 11th century | 24 | |
| 14992861954 | House of Wisdom | An academic center for research and translation of foreign texts that was established in Baghdad in 830 C.E. by the Abbasid caliph al-Mamun. | 25 | |
| 14992861955 | Ibn Sina | The famous Islamic scientist and philosopher who organized the medical knowledge of the Greeks and Arabs into the Canon of Medicine | 26 | |
| 14992861956 | Jesus Sutras | The Product of Nestorian Christians living in China, these articulate the Christian message using Buddhist and Daoist concepts. | 27 | |
| 14992861957 | Ethiopian Christianity | Emerging in the fourth century with the conversion of the rulers of Axum, this Christian church proved more resilient than other early churches in Africa. Located in the mountainous highlands of modern Eritrea and Ethiopia, it was largely cut off from other parts of Christendom and developed traditions that made it distinctive from other Christian Churches. | 28 | |
| 14992861958 | Byzantine Empire | (330-1453) The eastern half of the Roman Empire, which survived after the fall of the Western Empire at the end of the 5th century C.E. Its capital was Constantinople, named after the Emperor Constantine. | 29 | |
| 14992861959 | Constantinople | A large and wealthy city that was the imperial capital of the Byzantine empire and later the Ottoman empire, now known as Istanbul | 30 | |
| 14992861960 | Justinian | Byzantine emperor in the 6th century A.D. who reconquered much of the territory previously ruler by Rome, initiated an ambitious building program , including Hagia Sofia, as well as a new legal code | 31 | |
| 14992861961 | Caesaropapism | Concept relating to the mixing of political and religious authority, as with the Roman emperors, that was central to the church versus state controversy in medieval Europe. | 32 | |
| 14992861962 | Eastern Orthodox Christianity | A branch of Christianity that developed in the Byzantine Empire and that did not recognize the Pope as its supreme leader | 33 | |
| 14992861963 | Kieyan Rus | 862-1242 CE) was a medieval political federation located in modern-day Belarus, Ukraine, and part of Russia. | 34 | |
| 14992861964 | Prince Vladimir of Kiev | Grand prince of Kiev (r. 978-1015 C.E.) whose conversion to Orthodox Christianity led to the incorporation of Russia into the sphere of Eastern Orthodoxy. | 35 | |
| 14992861965 | Charlemagne | King of the Franks (r. 768-814); emperor (r. 800-814). Through a series of military conquests he established the Carolingian Empire, which encompassed all of Gaul and parts of Germany and Italy. Illiterate, though started an intellectual revival. | 36 | |
| 14992861966 | Holy Roman Empire | A medieval and early modern central European Germanic empire, which often consisted of hundreds of separate Germanic and Northern Italian states. In reality it was so decentralized that it played a role in perpetuating the fragmentation of central Europe. | 37 | |
| 14992861967 | Roman Catholic Church | Church established in western Europe during the Roman Empire and the Middle Ages with its head being the bishop of Rome or pope. | 38 | |
| 14992861968 | Crusades | a series of military expeditions in the 11th, 12th, and 13th centuries by Westrn European Christians to reclain control of the Holy Lands from the Muslims | 39 | |
| 14993017035 | Ulama | Muslim religious scholars. From the ninth century onward, the primary interpreters of Islamic law and the social core of Muslim urban societies. (p. 238) | 40 | |
| 14993017036 | Bushido | the code of honor and morals developed by the Japanese samurai. "the way of the warrior" | 41 | |
| 14993017037 | 5 Pillars of Islam | The Five Pillars of Islam are the framework of the Muslim life. They are the testimony of faith, prayer, giving zakat (support of the needy), fasting during the month of Ramadan, and the pilgrimage to Makkah once in a lifetime for those who are able. | 42 |
