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| 8209541447 | agriculture | cultivation and breeding of animals, plants and fungi for food, fiber, biofuel, medicinal plants and other products used to sustain and enhance human life. | 0 | |
| 8209543908 | domestication | the process of taming an animal and keeping it as a pet or on a farm. | 1 | |
| 8209548246 | irrigation | application of controlled amounts of water to plants at needed intervals. Irrigation helps grow agricultural crops, maintain landscapes, and revegetate disturbed soils in dry areas and during periods of inadequate rainfall | 2 | |
| 8209585321 | Paleolithic Era | The cultural period of the Stone Age that began about 2.5 to 2 million years ago, marked by the earliest use of tools made of chipped stone. The Paleolithic Period ended at different times in different parts of the world, generally around 10,000 years ago in Europe and the Middle East. Also called Old Stone Age. | 3 | |
| 8209588208 | Neolithic Revolution | The Neolithic Revolution, Neolithic Demographic Transition, or Agricultural Revolution, was the wide-scale transition of many human cultures from a lifestyle of hunting and gathering to one of agriculture | 4 | |
| 8209594163 | Surplus | an amount of something left over when requirements have been met; an excess of production or supply over demand. | 5 | |
| 8209595639 | Patriarchy | In sociology, patriarchy is a social system in which males hold primary power and predominate in roles of political leadership, moral authority, social privilege and control of property. | 6 | |
| 8209601516 | Stratification | the arrangement or classification of something into different groups. | 7 | |
| 8209617259 | Hierarchy | a system or organization in which people or groups are ranked one above the other according to status or authority. | 8 | |
| 8209626011 | Nomad | member of a people having no permanent abode, and who travel from place to place to find fresh pasture for their livestock. | 9 | |
| 8209631790 | Pastoralism | Pastoralism is the branch of agriculture concerned with the raising of livestock. It is animal husbandry: the care, tending and use of animals such as camels, goats, cattle, yaks, llamas, and sheep. | 10 | |
| 8209634444 | Diffusion | the spreading of something more widely. | 11 | |
| 8209638496 | Ideology | a system of ideas and ideals, especially one that forms the basis of economic or political theory and policy. | 12 | |
| 8209645105 | City-State | a city that with its surrounding territory forms an independent state. | 13 | |
| 8209647810 | Sumer | Sumer is the earliest known civilization in the historical region of southern Mesopotamia, modern-day southern Iraq, during the Chalcolithic and Early Bronze ages, and arguably the first civilization | 14 | |
| 8209650489 | Babylon | Babylon was a key kingdom in ancient Mesopotamia. The city was built on the Euphrates river and divided in equal parts along its left and right banks, with steep embankments to contain the river's seasonal floods | 15 | |
| 8209653116 | Ziggurat | a rectangular stepped tower, sometimes surmounted by a temple. Ziggurats are first attested in the late 3rd millennium BC and probably inspired the biblical story of the Tower of Babel | 16 | |
| 8209657053 | Cuneiform | denoting or relating to the wedge-shaped characters used in the ancient writing systems of Mesopotamia, Persia, and Ugarit, surviving mainly impressed on clay tablets. "a cuneiform inscription" | 17 | |
| 8209661096 | Pharaoh | a ruler in ancient Egypt. | 18 | |
| 8209663017 | Monotheism | Monotheism has been defined as the belief in the existence of only one god that created the world, is all-powerful and intervenes in the world. A broader definition of monotheism is the belief in one god. | 19 | |
| 8209665593 | Polytheism | Polytheism is the worship of or belief in multiple deities, which are usually assembled into a pantheon of gods and goddesses, along with their own religions and rituals. | 20 | |
| 8209669943 | Hittities | The Hittites were an Ancient Anatolian people who established an empire centered on Hattusa in north-central Anatolia around 1600 BC | 21 | |
| 8209673770 | Demography/demographic | Demography is the statistical study of populations, especially human beings. As a very general science, it can analyze any kind of dynamic living population, i.e., one that changes over time or space. | 22 | |
| 8209675178 | Code of Hammurabi | Dealing with criminal and civil matters. Contemporary definitions for Code of Hammurabi. noun. the set of laws drawn up by Babylonian king Hammurabi dating to the 18th century BC, the earliest legal code known in its entirety. | 23 | |
| 8209683242 | Harappa/Mohenjo-Daro | civilization of the Indus River at Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa arose at about 2500 BCE and ended with apparent destruction about 1500 BCE. It is uncertain whether this civilization had its roots in Sumer or Sumer had its roots in this civilization | 24 | |
| 8209687293 | Egalitarian | relating to or believing in the principle that all people are equal and deserve equal rights and opportunities. | 25 |
