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AP World History Unit 1 Flashcards

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7266212441Paleoanthropologythe study of the earliest humans and their environment0
7266214160MythAn interpretive story of the past that cannot be verified historically but may have a deep moral message1
7266217141CasteA hierarchical ordering of people into groups, fixed from birth, based on their inherited ritual status and determining whomst they may marry and eat with2
7266221125TeleologyThe philosophical study of final causes or purposes. Teleology refers especially to any system that interprets nature or the universe as having a design or purpose. It has been used to provide evidence for the existence of God3
7266225991HominidAny of a family (Hominidae) of erect bipedal (two legged) primate mammals, which includes humans and human-like species4
7266229821Homo SapiensHomo, "human" is the genus in which modern humans are placed; sapiens means "wise"5
7266233556HomoerectusThe most widespread of all prehistoric hominids, and the most similar to humans. Evolved about 2 million years ago and became extinct 100,000 years ago6
7266239164B.PBefore the Present. Archaeologists frequently use this notation, especially for dates before about 20,000 BCE7
7266242358Homo Sapiens SapiensThe first human being of the modern type8
7266243328ShamanIn religious beliefs of some African, Asian, and American tribes, a person capable of entering into trances and believed to be endowed with supernatural powers, with the ability to cure the sick, find stolen property, predict the future, and protect the community from evil spirits. A ____ may act as a judge or priest, directs communal sacrifices and escorts the souls of the dead to the next world9
7267636482Neolithic"New Stone Age" the last division of the Stone Age, immediately preceding the development of metallurgy and corresponding to the 9th to the 5th millennia. It was characterized by the increasing domestication of animals, crops, established agricultural communities, and the appearance of such crafts as pottery and weaving10
7267653345InnovationThe explanation that similar cultural traits, techniques, or objects found among different groups of people were invented independently rather than spread from one group to another11
7267663387DiffusionThe spread of ideas, objects, or traits from one culture to another12
7267667610StateSeveral definitions; here used for the total political organizations of a group of people controlling their own territory13
7267674004ZigguratA temple tower of Mesopotamia, constructed of square or rectangular terraces of diminishing size, usually with a shrine on top built of blue enamel bricks, the color of the sky14
7267687735PrehistoryEverything that occurred before the invention of writing15
7267690949Pictogram(pictograph) A pictorial symbol or sign representing an object or concept16
7270197129CuneiformA writing system in use in the ancient Near East from around the end of the 4th millennia to the 1st century BC. The earliest examples are in Sumeria. The name derives from the wedge-shaped marks made by pressing the slanted edge of a stylus into soft clay17
7270210378Bas-ReliefIn sculpture, relief is a term for any work in which the forms stand out from the background. In ______, the design projects slightly from the background and the outlines are not outlined18
7270224580Ideogram(alternative: ideograph) A character or figure in a writing system in which the idea of a thing is represented rather than its name. Ex: Chinese19
7270232202HieroglyphsThe characters in a writing system based on the use of pictograms or ideograms. In ancient Egypt, hieroglyphs were largely used for monumental inscriptions. The symbols depict people, animals, objects, which represent words, syllables or sounds20
7270246860MastabaA low rectangular bench-like structure that covered a grave. The architectural forerunner to the pyramids21
7270253413TranshumanceThe practice of shifting residence and livestock between mountains and valleys to the season of the year22

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