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AP World History Unit 1 Study Guide Flashcards

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7391726486Paleolithic eraPaleolithic humans lived a nomadic lifestyle in small groups. These were the first evolved group of humans. 2.6 million years ago to around 10000 years ago.0
7391728360Neolithic eraNeolithic humans discovered agriculture and animal husbandry, which allowed them to settle down in one area. 10,000 BC and ended between 4500 and 2000 BC in various parts of the world.1
7391731505Hunter-gatherersa member of a nomadic people who live chiefly by hunting, fishing, and harvesting wild food. Spent most of their day doing this(Little free time)2
7391734441pastoral Nomadismform of agriculture based on herding domesticated animals3
7391737481sedentary farmingFarming that takes place in a permanent location. Sedentary farmers relied on their farms for food, and not having to hunt for every meal allowed these people to create art and other things in their freetime.4
7391742099Polytheism vs MonotheismPolytheism-Multiple gods Monotheism-One god5
7391745097code of Hammurabia Babylonian legal code of the 18th century b.c. or earlier, instituted by Hammurabi and dealing with criminal and civil matters. First code of laws.6
7391748038Lex Talionasthe law of retaliation, whereby a punishment resembles the offense committed in kind and degree(eye for an eye)7
7391750843Caste SystemThe caste system divides Hindus into four main categories - Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas and the Shudras.8
7391750844Vedasthe most ancient Hindu scriptures, written in early Sanskrit and containing hymns, philosophy, and guidance on ritual for the priests of Vedic religion.9
7391757200Torah(Hebrew Bible)central reference for Judaism10
7391757201Cuneiformdenoting or relating to the wedge-shaped characters used in the ancient writing systems of Mesopotamia, Persia, and Ugarit, surviving mainly impressed on clay tablets.11
7391761084HieroglyphicsA hieroglyph is a character of the ancient Egyptian writing system.12
7391761085Fertile CrescentThe Fertile Crescent is a crescent-shaped region containing the comparatively moist and fertile land of otherwise arid and semi-arid Western Asia, the Nile Valley and Nile Delta.13
7391764653Sanskritwritten language developed by the Aryans14
7391770171BrahmaGod of creation15
7391770172Karmain Buddhism and Hinduism, the effects that good or bad actions have on a person's soul16
7391770173DharmaIn Hindu belief, a person's religious and moral duties17
7391776832Homo Hibiliusestimated to have flourished 1.6 to 2 million years ago, and is believed to be the predecessor of Homo erectus.18
7391778783Homo erectusCompared with modern Homo sapiens, which have only been around for the last 200,000 years, Homo erectus, or "upright man," had a long reign. The ancient ancestor of modern humans lived from 2 million years ago till about 100,000 years ago, possibly even 50,000 years ago.19
7391784379Homo Sapiens/Sapiensthe humanoid species that emerged as the most successful at the end of the Paleolithic period20
7391784380SumerMesopotamia means: "land between two rivers" First Civilizations developed between the Euphrates and the Tigris Rivers. By 3000 B.C. a number of cities are established by the Sumerians.21
7391788246PhoeniciansThe Phoenicians were a people occupying the land above Israel, refered to as Phoenicia. Phoenicians were primarily interested in trade as a form of government, which was facilitated by the expanse of the Mediterranean to the west.22
7391793608Israelitesa member of the ancient Hebrew nation, especially in the period from the Exodus to the Babylonian Captivity ( c. 12th to 6th centuries BC).23
7391793609PersiansEthnic group that settled in what is now Iran.24
7391797661Kushites and NubiansThe Kingdom of Kush or Kush (/kʊʃ, kʌʃ/) was an ancient kingdom in Nubia, located at the confluences of the Blue Nile, White Nile and River Atbara in what is now Sudan and South Sudan.25
7391797662Shang Chinaa Chinese dynasty traditionally dated 1766-1122 b.c. and known especially for bronze work26
7391801708Hittitesan Indo-European people who settled in Anatolia around 2000 B.C.27
7391801709Aryansimmigrants who arrived at the Ganges river valley by the year 1000 BC28
7391810209EygptiansGreatest River Valley Civilization Nile River provided food, transportation, irrigation and fertilized the soil w/ predictible flooding Great builders, organizers, and most prosperous of 4 River Valley civs29

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