22 terms
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| 274043418 | Medes, The | One of many Persian tribes. The Meads led the rebellion to overthrow the Assyrian Empire in 612 BCE (was the largest empire at the time). They created their own empire. Basically taking over a lot the Assyrian Empire. Created and controlled the first Persian territorial state. Ruled for 62 years. non-literate. Difficulty controlling the other tribes. One tribe rebelled around 550 BCE, the Persai. | 0 | |
| 274043420 | Cyrus the Great Zoroaster | Leader of the persai. Led a rebellion of the meads around 550 BCE. Was able to overthrow the Medain empire. Establishes the Persian Empire. This is when the people in the area become known as Persians. Name comes from the name of the Persai tribe. Achamanids Empire (family name of Cyrus) lasted for about 200 years. 550-332BCE. Becomes largest empire of that time. Cyrus ruled around 30 years and was at war the entire time trying to expand the empire. | 1 | |
| 274043421 | Dualism | the doctrine that reality consists of two basic opposing elements, good and evil. | 2 | |
| 274043424 | Darius 1 | Brother of Cambyses (cyrus' son) who took over when Cambyses died. Considered the greatest of all Persian kings. Ruled 522-486. Extended Persian authority into India and many other areas (Europe). Promoted maritime routes. | 3 | |
| 274043426 | Satraps | Previously existing minor kingdoms that were under Persian rule. They were expected to have loyalty to the king, pay an annual fee and offer their men to the army to fight. | 4 | |
| 274043428 | Xerxes | the great king of persia | 5 | |
| 274043431 | Polis | the early greek city-state, made up of a city and surrounding countryside and run like an independent country | 6 | |
| 274043433 | Tyrants | in ancient Greece, rulers who seized power by force but who ruled with the people's support; later came to refer to rulers who exercise brutal and oppressive power | 7 | |
| 274043435 | Hoplites | Heavily armored infantrymen who fought in close formation. Had helmets, breastplates, leg guards and shields. Hoplite was a type of warfare. | 8 | |
| 274043437 | Persian Wars | Conflicts between Greek city-states and the Persian Empire, ranging from the Ionian Revolt (499-494 B.C.E.) through Darius's punitive expedition that failed at Marathon. Chronicled by Herodotus. | 9 | |
| 274043439 | Cleisthenes | seized power in Athens and turned it into a democracy. Father of democracy. | 10 | |
| 274043442 | Delian League | an alliance headed by Athens that says that all Greek city-states will come together and help fight the Persians | 11 | |
| 274043444 | Pericles | Athenian statesman whose leadership contributed to Athen's political and cultural supremacy in Greece, he ordered the building of the Pantheon. | 12 | |
| 274043446 | Socrates | philosopher who believed in an absolute right or wrong; sentenced to death for corrupting the youth of Athens and not believing in the gods of the city. | 13 | |
| 274043448 | Peloponnesian War | a war in which Athens and its allies were defeated by the league centered on Sparta. Naval battle. Spartans won. | 14 | |
| 274043451 | Sicilian Expedition | Athenian expedition to Sicily from 415-413, results in the Athenian defeat and the complete destruction of Athenian forces. | 15 | |
| 274043453 | Xenophon and the March of the 10,000 | Xenophon, one of three remaining leaders elected by the soldiers, played an instrumental role in encouraging the Greek army of 10,000 to march north across foodless deserts and snow-filled mountain passes towards the Black Sea | 16 | |
| 274043455 | Alexander the Great | son of Philip II; kept the framework of Persian administration because he felt that it worked. great leader; conquered much land in Asia Minor, Syria, Egypt, and Mesopotamia; goal was to conquer the known world. | 17 | |
| 274043457 | Ptolemaic Kingdom | When Alexander the Great died (at age 32), his empire was split into three parts. This part (Ptolemaic) was given to general Ptolemy, and it was located in Egypt along the Nile. | 18 | |
| 274043460 | Seleucid Kingdom | When Alexander the Great died, his empire was split into three separate kingdoms. This kingdom (Seleucid) contained Persia, and reached from India's borders to the shores of the Mediterranean Sea. It was founded by a general named Seleucus. | 19 | |
| 274043462 | Antigonid Kingdom | When Alexander the Great died, his empire was split into three parts. This part consists of Macedonia and was given to a general. | 20 |
