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AP World History Unit 2 Flashcards

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7425192806Classical Greece- RiseStarted around the 5th century0
7438057760Classical Greece- Methods of RuleSparta ruled using force and the military to enforce their rules. In Athens they had a democracy where people got to vote everyday. They had rules but didn't use as much brutal force as Sparta to enforce them.1
7441163509Classical Greece- AccomplishmentsAble to hold off the Persians and Athens the first to have a democracy.2
7441172857Classical Greece- Gender RolesAthens- Women: Restricted didn't have very many rights Couldn't get an education Spent time doing domestic things Men: Spent time laboring or training Had full control over women Sparta- Women were allowed more rights and freedoms. Men trained Women were encouraged to partake in sporting events to help their bodies for child birth3
7462896598Classical Greece- Social ClassesUpper class: Athens Middle class: Metics Lower class: Freedmen Slaves4
7462929330Classical Greece- Justification for rule5
7462939219Classical Greece- DeclineConflict between Athens and Sparta led to a weakened state which allowed others to take them over6
7462982397Persian Empire- RiseAround 500 BCE7
7463009391Persian Empire- Methods of RuleHad an absolute monarch with a divine king who had an elaborate bureaucracy. Had 23 providences each ruled by a governor.8
7463047920Persian Empire- AccomplishmentsElaborate irrigation system Royal Road- Encouraged trade and communication9
7463060015Persian Empire- Social ClassesKing and royal family Priests Aristocracy Military people Traders Craftsmen Peasants Slaves10
7463101760Persian Empire- Gender RolesIt was patriarchal. However, women were still considered important an could partake in religious practices, business, military etc. They had a lot of say in whether they wanted to marry or not. Men were the head of the household and had control over the family but was also responsible for them.11
7463385028Persian Empire- Justification for RuleUsed religion to justify rule?12
7463391542Persian Empire- DeclineAlexander the Great conquered this empire13
7463410578Alexander the GreatHe created a huge Greek Empire that covered great amounts of land. He was able to conquer Persia. He spread Greek culture through Asia and Egypt. Many great accomplishments in science and philosophy. Died in 323 BCE for unknown reasons. After his empire was divided into 3 kingdoms.14
7463478081HellenismThe study or imitation of ancient Greek culture15
7463494593Mauryan Empire- Rise326 BCE16
7463563015Mauryan Empire- Methods of RuleAbsolute monarch and bureaucracy with strong military.17
7463586767Mauryan Empire- AccomplishmentsSpread Buddhism Unified India Built hospitals18
7463662515Mauryan Empire- Social ClassesBrahmins Kshatriya Viasya Sudra19
7463749217Mauryan Empire- Gender RolesWomen were considered unequal men. They are often seen as only people who can make children. They could also have public jobs.20
7463907169Mauryan Empire- Justification for Rule?21
7463922557Mauryan Empire- DeclineIt declined after Ashoka's death because he didn't have very strong successors. They had a huge economical issues. 184 BCE22
7463954545Gupta Empire- Rise320 CE23
7463959299Gupta Empire- Methods of RuleEmpire was divided into many different providences each with its own rules and laws. In exchange they had to pay taxes to the ruler24
7463976514Gupta Empire- AccomplishmentsAdvances in math (zero, decimal system), science( knew planet was round), and medicine(vaccines, skin grafts). Considered the Golden Age with many advances in several different areas25
7464011390Gupta Empire- Social ClassesBrahmins Kshatriya Viasya Sudra26
7464027589Gupta Empire- Gender RolesSubordinate to men. Expected to have children and raise them. They were not included in government. Men were given an education and studied things like literature, law, and math.27
7464217842Gupta Dynasty- Justification for Rule?28
7464234814Gupta Dynasty- DeclineDeclined when the Huns conquered Northern India 550CE29
7464270474Caste System- Varna and JatiCreated in India the caste system divided people into 4 groups and the jatis (based on occupation) even further. Caste could limit people you could marry, eat with, etc. It was believed if you had good karma and dharma you would rise in the caste system in your next life. Once you're at the top you are no longer reincarnated.30
7464314478Maya- Rise250 CE31
7464317476Maya- Methods of ControlDecentralized city states had individuals control each city states with their own governments32
7464339056Maya- AccomplishmentsAdvances in math (zero, place notation) Architecture (temples, pyramids, and aqueducts) Elaborate calendar33
7464371221Maya- Social ClassesKing Nobles Merchants Peasants Slaves34
7464435953Maya- Gender RolesWomen although were respected for giving birth had other important roles. Patriarchy was still shown though. Could be included in the economy such as producing textiles35
7464529259Maya- Justification for Rule?36
7464547952Maya- DeclineCollapsed due to a long term drought 900CE37
7464575572Zhou Dynasty- Rise1029 BCE38
7464582484Zhou Dynasty- Methods of RuleFeudalism which divides land among wealthy men and they rule their own city-state and in exchange have to pay taxes and send soldiers if needed39
7464607185Zhou Dynasty- AccomplishmentsBronze work Longest ruling dynasty Eastern Zhou was the Golden Age for Chinese philosophy40
7464647419Zhou Dynasty- Social ClassesRuling Class (king and priests) Scholars Farmers Craftsman Traders41
7464690059Zhou Dynasty- Gender RolesWomen were subordinate to men. They were often just in charge of domestic things like doing chores and raising the children.42
7464734309Zhou Dynasty- Justification for RuleMandate of Heaven- If a ruler has the mandate of heaven he is considered to the approved by gods and no one ever does anything against them because they don't want to upset a god43
7464742289Zhou Dynasty- DeclineDue to the local leaders fighting for control it led to their decline 258BCE44
7464760933PatriarchyA system of government where men hold all or most of the power while women have little or none45
7464879433Zoroastrianism- Basic Beliefs-Each person has the freedom to choose good or evil in the choices they make -Eternal afterlife and choices made in current life determined destiny of afterlife -Monotheistic -Deities: Ahura Mazda, The Ormazd46
7464924513Zoroastrianism- Branches-Masdayasni -Parsee -Khshnoomi -Restorationists47
7464953653Zoroastrianism- DiffusionEgypt, Mesopotamia, and Antolia Spread due to word throughout Achaemenian empire by word of their leader Cyrus and the people of the city48
7464968326Judaism- Basic Beliefs-Monotheistic -Jews keep God's laws -Human beings created in image of god -Resurrection of dead, punishment after death -Deity: Yahweh49
7464987612Judaism- BranchesOrthodox Reform Conservative50
7464992953Judaism- DiffusionDid not widely spread- passed down through generations or scriptures51
7465000475Christianity- Basic BeliefsThere's only one god who lives eternal lives in 3 people- god the father, the son, god the holy spirit God is all knowing and powerful, creator of everything52
7465015656Christianity- BranchesRoman Catholic Eastern Orthodox Protestantism53
7465038630Christianity- DiffusionSpread through western Europe and Africa Ruler to citizens Silk road Roman Empire used this54
7465049005Buddhism- Basic BeliefsUltimate goal was to reach enlightenment 4 Noble truths Eight fold path 5 principles Mahayana- Monotheistic Thervada- Beither55
7465084971Buddhism- DiffusionSpread through Silk Road and merchants through India56
7465095218Hinduism- Basic Beliefs-Truth is eternal -Brahman is truth and reality -The vedas are the ultimate authority -Strive to get best karma and dharma -Caste system -Polytheistic- Brahman(creator), Vishnu(preserver), Shiva(transformer/destroyer)57
7465111068Hinduism- BranchesShaivities Vaishnavas Smartha Shaktism58
7465115839Hinduism- DiffusionSpread southeast through Asia due to trade, conquest, and colonization59
7465123694Confucianism- Basic Beliefs-Create social harmony -Nonreligious outlook -Valued education -5 relationships -5 virtues60
7465132680Confucianism- DiffusionConfucius' disciples and teachings Spread to east Asia61
7465137873Confucianism- BranchesMing, Song, Qing, Modern62
7465143266Daoism- Basic Belief-Nature governs all of world -One must be in harmony with nature and its constant changes -Polytheistic; Celestial Masters63
7465170216Daoism- BranchesReligious Daoism Philosophical Daoism64
7465174476Daoism- DiffusionWritings of Laozi further developed by Zhuangzi and spread in China65
7465195283Roman Empire- RiseOctavian 31 BCE66
7465199267Roman Empire- Methods of RuleRepublic and slave based society67
7465207725Roman Empire- AccomplishmentsPax Romana Considered Golden Age68
7465212305Roman Empire- Social ClassesSenators Equites Plebs Slaves69
7465221499Roman Empire- Gender RolesMen were considered better than women because they could fight. Women's jobs were to give birth to boys.70
7465242892Roman Empire- Justification for Rule?71
7465252901Roman Empire- DeclineHuns invasion72
7465266134Bantu MigrationsMovement of Bantu speaking people in to Africa south of the equator Interacted with societies and brought agriculture and iron smelting Led to numerous diverse societies across central and southern Africa Religion focused on ancestor worship and nature spirits73
7465296557Qin Dynasty- RiseShi Huangdi 221 BCE74
7465300689Qin Dynasty- Methods of RuleCentralized bureaucracy extremely cruel75
7465309285QIn Dynasty- AccomplishmentsGreat Wall of China Elaborate tomb Standardized weights, measurements, currency, and language76
7465322650Qin Dynasty- DeclineWhen Huangdi died and peasants revolted77
7465339505SlaveryUsed for agriculture Usually had no rights Could be born into slavery, enslaved for crimes, debt or debt to someone78
7465352564Han Dynasty- RiseEstablished by a peasant 206 BCE79
7465358052Han Dynasty- Methods of RuleCentralized administration, bureaucracy Civil Service exams80
7465364994Han Dynasty- AchievementsDeveloped silk road Expanded empire Invented paper81
7465377094Han Dynasty- DeclineDeclined due to nomadic trying to enter82

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