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| 15499687491 | Silk Roads | caravan routes across Central Asia/Iran -> China + ME -traded porcelain, spices, fruit, silk, silver -spread Buddhism, Christianity, and Islam -had stirrups + chariots for battle |  | 0 |
| 15499687492 | Indian Ocean Trade | connected to Europe, E Africa, SE +E Asia, India, Persian Gulf. -worlds richest maritime trading network -bilinguals -monsoons, lateen (triangle)sails |  | 1 |
| 15499687493 | Trans-Saharan Trade | route across the Sahara Desert, N+S Africa -traded gold & salt -iron, language, farming spread -most languages from bantu -camels and camel saddles crucial in development -facilitated spread of Islam |  | 2 |
| 15499687494 | magnetic compass | Chinese invention that aided navigation by showing which direction was north |  | 3 |
| 15499687495 | rudder | Steering device, usually a vertical blade attached to a post at, or near, the stern of the boat; improved sea trade |  | 4 |
| 15499687496 | junk ship | A very large flat-bottom sailing ship produced in the Tang and Song Empires, specially designed for long-distance commercial travel and participation in the tribute system |  | 5 |
| 15499687503 | monsoon winds | seasonal wind in India, the winter monsoon brings hot, dry weather and the summer monsoon brings rain |  | 6 |
| 15499687523 | Swahili city-states | City coasts that actively participated in Indian Ocean trade along the East coast of the African continent |  | 7 |
| 15499687516 | Il-Khanate | Mongol empire that ruled over Iran (Persia) & the Middle East | 8 | |
| 15499687508 | Timbuktu | Mali trading city that became a center of wealth and learning thanks to its location in the trans-Saharan trade networks; universities, mosques, and libraries |  | 9 |
| 15499687505 | diaspora | A dispersion of people from their homeland; merchant communities of Muslim spread Islam throughout Southeast Asia | 10 | |
| 15499687517 | Yuan Dynasty | (1279-1368 CE) The dynasty with Mongol rule in China; centralized with bureaucracy but structure is different: Mongols on top->Persian bureaucrats->Chinese bureaucrats; did not emphasize Confucianism and the civil service exams |  | 11 |
| 15499687522 | Margery Kempe | Wrote the Book of Margery Kempe - considered the 1st autobiography in the English language. Chronicles her pilgrimages to holy sites in Europe and Asia. Claimed to have vision that called her to leave the vanities of the world | 12 | |
| 15499687510 | caravan | group of traveling merchants and animals |  | 13 |
| 15499687509 | Camel Saddle | An invention which gives camel riders more stability on the animal and its invention and basic idea traveled along the Trans-Saharan Caravan Trade Route. Invented somewhere between 500 and 100 BCE by Bedouin tribes. |  | 14 |
| 15499687519 | Gunpowder | Invented within China during the 9th century, this substance was became the dominate military technology used to expand European and Asian empires by the 15th century; spread from East to West via trade networks like the Silk Roads and help from the Pax Mongolica |  | 15 |
| 15499687500 | Caravanserai | an inn with a central courtyard for travelers in the desert regions of Asia or North Africa; allowed caravans and their camels to rest in a protected environment, encouraging trade |  | 16 |
| 15499687499 | paper money | legal currency issued on paper; it developed in China as a convenient alternative to metal coins; facilitated trade |  | 17 |
| 15499687513 | Khanates | Four regional Mongol kingdoms that arose following the death of Ghengis Khan. |  | 18 |
| 15499687502 | porcelain | a thin, beautiful pottery invented in China |  | 19 |
| 15499687507 | Mansa Musa | Ruler of Mali (r. 1312-1337). His extravagant pilgrimage through Egypt to Mecca in 1324-1325 established the empire's reputation for wealth in the Mediterranean world. |  | 20 |
| 15499687521 | Marco Polo | (1254-1324) Italian explorer and author. He made numerous trips to China and returned to Europe to write of his journeys. He is responsible for much of the knowledge exchanged between Europe and China during this time period. |  | 21 |
| 15499687511 | Sundiata | the founder of Mali empire. He crushed his enemies and won control of the gold trade routes along the trans-Saharan trade networks |  | 22 |
| 15499687520 | Ibn Battuta | (1304-1369) Moroccan Muslim scholar, the most widely traveled individual of his time. He wrote a detailed account of his visits to Islamic lands from China to Spain and the western Sudan. His writings gave a glimpse into the world of that time period. |  | 23 |
| 15499687512 | Khan | Name for a Mongol ruler |  | 24 |
| 15499687518 | Bubonic Plague (Black Death) | Also called the Black Death; the deadly disease that spread through Asia and Europe and killed more than a third of the population in some areas; hit Europe (peak 1347-1351) especially hard due to unsanitary living conditions and overcrowded cities; spread thanks to increased trade along the Silk Roads |  | 25 |
| 15499687506 | Dhow Ships | Arab sailing vessels with triangular or lateen sails; strongly influenced European ship design; facilitated trade in the Indian Ocean networks |  | 26 |
| 15499687514 | Pax Mongolia | The period of approximately 150 years of relative peace and stability created by the Mongol Empire. |  | 27 |
| 15499687515 | Golden Horde | Mongol khanate founded by Genghis Khan's. It was based in southern Russia and quickly adopted both the Turkic language and Islam. | 28 |
