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AP World History Unit 2 Note Cards Flashcards

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5151843554Agrarian Economicrelating to land, land tenure, or the division of landed property0
5151843555Barbarian Pa person in a savage, primitive state; uncivilized person1
5151845204Boddhisatva Ca person who has attained prajna, or Enlightenment, but who postpones Nirvana in order to help others to attain Enlightenment: individual Bodhisattvas are the subjects of devotion in certain sects and are often represented in painting and sculpture2
5151845936Bureaucracy pthe body of officials and administrators, especially of a government or government department3
5151847145Castration cto deprive of strength, power, or efficiency; weaken4
5151848055Civilization san advanced state of human society, in which a high level of culture, science, industry, and government has been reached5
5151848056Classical cconforming to ancient Greek and Roman models in literature or art, or to later systems modeled upon them6
5151849089Conscription pcompulsory enrollment of persons for military or naval service; draft7
5151849090Consuls pan official appointed by the government of one country to look after its commercial interests and the welfare of its citizens in another country8
5151850130Dictator pa person exercising absolute power, especially a ruler who has absolute, unrestricted control in a government without hereditary succession9
5151850131Economy ethrifty management; frugality in the expenditure or consumption of money, materials, etc10
5151851191Egalitarian p,e,sasserting, resulting from, or characterized by belief in the equality of all people, especially in political, economic, or social life11
5151851192Emperor pthe male sovereign or supreme ruler of an empire12
5151851193Empire sa group of nations or peoples ruled over by an emperor, empress, or other powerful sovereign or government: usually a territory of greater extent than a kingdom, as the former British Empire, French Empire, Russian Empire, Byzantine Empire, or Roman Empire13
5151852001Epidemics iaffecting many persons at the same time, and spreading from person to person in a locality where the disease is not permanently prevalent14
5151852002Eunuchs pa castrated man, especially one formerly employed by rulers in the Middle East and Asia as a harem guard or palace official15
5151852814Feudalism pthe feudal system, or its principles and practices16
5151853859Hegemony pthe feudal system, or its principles and practices17
5151853860Hierarchy pany system of persons or things ranked one above another18
5151854828Hierarchial pa person who rules or has authority in sacred matters; high priest19
5151855618Missionaries ca person strongly in favor of a program, set of principles, etc., who attempts to persuade or convert others20
5151858120Monarchy psupreme power or sovereignty held by a single person21
5151858847Monsoons ithe seasonal wind of the Indian Ocean and southern Asia, blowing from the southwest in summer and from the northeast in winter22
5151858848Monotheism cthe doctrine or belief that there is only one God23
5151859742Patricians pa person of noble or high rank; aristocrat24
5151860278Patronage pthe control of or power to make appointments to government jobs or the power to grant other political favors.25
5151861339Philosophy cthe rational investigation of the truths and principles of being, knowledge, or conduct.26
5151862572Plebians sbelonging or pertaining to the common people27
5151863173Polytheism cthe doctrine of or belief in more than one god or in many gods28
5151864599Qanat Economica gently sloping underground tunnel for irrigation purposes, esp. in ancient Persia29
5151864600Satrapies pthe province or jurisdiction of a satrap30
5151865869Standardized Coins Economica coin having value in bullion at least equal to its face value31
5151865870Surplus eagricultural produce or a quantity of food grown by a nation or area in excess of its needs, especially such a quantity of food purchased and stored by a governmental program of guaranteeing farmers a specific price for certain crops32
5151867413Sustenance eto supply with food, drink, and other necessities of life33
5151867414Theocracy pa form of government in which God or a deity is recognized as the supreme civil ruler, the God's or deity's laws being interpreted by the ecclesiastical authorities.34
5151867415Tribute ca gift, testimonial, compliment, or the like, given as due or in acknowledgment of gratitude or esteem.35
5151868575Urbanization staking on the characteristics of a city36
5151868576Vassals pa person holding some similar relation to a superior; a subject, subordinate, follower, or retainer37
5151871150Alexander the Great pg: 166 pking of Macedon, who conquered Greece (336), Egypt (331), and the Persian Empire (328), and founded Alexandria38
5151872406Analects of Confucius pg: 183 pA work that has profoundly influenced Chinese political and cultural traditions39
5151872407Bactria pg: 209 pan ancient country in W Asia, between the Oxus River and the Hindu Kush Mountains40
5151873130Bronze Age pg: 112 pa period in the history of humankind, following the Stone Age and preceding the Iron Age, during which bronze weapons and implements were used41
5151873137Byzantium pg: 440 pan ancient Greek city on the Bosporus and the Sea of Marmara: Constantine I rebuilt it and renamed it Constantinople a.d42
5151874341Ceylon pg: 222 pformer name of Sri Lanka43
5151875194Chang'an pg: 194 pformer name of Xian44
5151875830Cleopatra pg: 268 pa female given name: from Greek words meaning "fame" and "father."45
5151875831Crete pg: 232 pSea of, a part of the S Aegean Sea lying between the Cyclades Islands and Crete46
5151876656Cyrus, Darius pg: 159, 162 pfounder of the Persian empire47
5151876657Democracy pg: 236 pa form of government in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised directly by them or by their elected agents under a free electoral system48
5151877420Diocletian pg: 306 pIllyrian soldier: emperor of Rome 284-30549
5151878265Eight Fold Path pg: 220 cthe eight pursuits of one seeking enlightenment, comprising right understanding, motives, speech, action, means of livelihood, effort, intellectual activity, and contemplation.50
5151878266Four Noble Paths pg: 219 cthe core of the Buddha's doctrine teaches that all life involves suffering51
5151879727Gothic Migrations iperiod of human migration that occurred roughly between 300 to 700 CE in Europe, marking the transition from Late Antiquity to the Early Middle Ages52
5151879728Great Wall pg: 725 pa system of fortified walls with a roadway along the top, constructed as a defense for China against the nomads of the regions that are now Mongolia and Manchuria53
5151880784Han Dynasty pg: 193 pwas one of the longest of China's major dynasties54
5151880785Hellenism pg: 242 pthe characteristics of Greek culture, especially after the time of Alexander the Great; civilization of the Hellenistic period55
5151882633The Huns pg: 213 pa member of a nomadic and warlike Asian people who devastated or controlled large parts of eastern and central Europe and who exercised their greatest power under Attila in the 5th century a.d.56
5151883752Indian Ocean Trade pg: 215 eserved as an important role in history, and has been a key factor in East-West exchanges57
5151883753Iron Age pg: 118 pthe period in the history of humankind, following the Stone Age and the Bronze Age, marked by the use of implements and weapons made of iron.58
5151884318Jewish Diaspora pg: irefers to the dispersion of Israelites, Judahites, and later Jews out of their ancestral homeland (the Land of Israel) and the communities built by them across the world.59
5151884319Khotan pg: pthe chief city in this oasis60
5151886390Kuqa pa county in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region under the administration of the Aksu Prefecture61
5151886395Legalism(China)pg: 188 pwas a philosophy of administration in ancient China62
5151887497Marc Antony pan ally of Julius Caesar and the main rival of his successor Octavian (later Augustus)63
5151888562Noble Eightfold Path 220 cthe system of following these eight divisions of the path to achieve spiritual enlightenment and cease suffering64
5151889672Olympic Games 1076 cpart of a religious festival. The Greek Olympics, thought to have begun in 776 BC, inspired the modern Olympic Games (begun in 1896) The Games were held in honour of Zeus, king of the gods, and were staged every four years at Olympia, a valley near a city called Elis65
5151889673Pax Romana 271 sthe terms of peace imposed by ancient Rome on its dominions66
5151890287Pericles 237&240 pc495-429 b.c, Athenian statesman67
5151890288Persepolis 162,163&166 pan ancient capital of Persia68
5151891233Ptolemy 242 pHellenistic mathematician, astronomer, and geographer in Alexandria69
5151891915Punic Wars 264 pthe three wars waged by Rome against Carthage, 264-241, 218-201, and 149-146 b.c., resulting in the destruction of Carthage and the annexation of its territory by Rome70
5151909078Roman Republic 260, 262-64 pthe period of ancient Roman civilization beginning with the overthrow of the Roman Kingdom, traditionally dated to 509 BC, and ending in 27 BC with the establishment of the Roman Empire71
5151893697Roman Senate ppolitical institution in ancient Rome72
5151893698Samarkand 476 pa city in SE Uzbekistan: taken by Alexander the Great 329 b.c.; Tamerlane's capital in the 14th century73
5151895460Shang Civilization( China) 111-114 pruled in the Yellow River valley in the second millennium BC, succeeding the Xia dynasty and followed by the Zhou dynasty74
5151896908Shi Huang Di (Qin China) 190-193 pChinese emperor c247-210 b.c. initiated the building of the Great Wall of China75
5151911561Siddhartha Gautama pan ascetic and sage, on whose teachings Buddhism was founded76
5151897754Silk Road Trade 198, 287-88 enetwork of trade routes that for centuries were central to cultural interaction through regions of the Asian continent connecting the East and West from China to the Mediterranean Sea77
5151897755Stoics 254, 276-77, 278-79 cof or relating to the school of philosophy founded by Zeno, who taught that people should be free from passion, unmoved by joy or grief, and submit without complaint to unavoidable necessity78
5151899599The Torah 47,48 ca scroll that says the law of God as revealed to Moses and recorded in the first five books of the Hebrew scriptures (the Pentateuch)79
5151900812The Vedas of Hinduism 94, 99-101 clarge body of texts originating in the ancient Indian subcontinent80
5151900813Xiongnu 194, 196-97, 199, 201, 287 pwere one of the nomadic peoples of Ancient Central Asia81

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