Chapter 4-7 Test Questions
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| 5241837896 | The Medes and the Persians were A) Sumerians who migrated from Mesopotamia to Persia. B) Babylonians who migrated from Mesopotamia to Persia. C) Indo-Europeans who migrated from Anatolia to Iran. D) Indo-Europeans who migrated from central Asia to Persia. E) None of these answers is correct. | D) Indo-Europeans who migrated from central Asia to Persia. | 0 | |
| 5241837897 | Which of the following descriptions is NOT correct with regard to the Medes and Persians from the tenth to the sixth century B.C.E.? A) expert agriculturalists; good at irrigation and rice cultivation B) expert archers; frequently raided the wealthy lands of Mesopotamia C) descendants of nomadic peoples; pastoralists, culturally close to the Aryans D) rulers of the largest empire the world had ever seen E) descendants of the Greeks; related to Alexander of Macedon | E) descendants of the Greeks; related to Alexander of Macedon | 1 | |
| 5241837898 | Which of the following is true of Cyrus? A) His contemporaries called him "the Shepherd" because of the region he came from. B) His conquests laid the foundation of the first Persian empire. C) He conquered Babylon in a swift campaign. D) He ruled from his palace in Pasargadae. E) All these answers are correct | E) All these answers are correct. | 2 | |
| 5241837899 | Egypt was conquered by A) Cyrus. B) Cambyses. C) Darius. D) Xerxes. E) Zarathustra. | B) Cambyses. | 3 | |
| 5241837900 | To govern a far-flung empire consisting of more than seventy distinct ethnic groups, the Achaemenid rulers A) established lines of communication and centralized administration. B) forced the peoples to speak only Persian and believe only in the Persian religion. C) used imperial spies to control the conquered masses. D) decentralized their administration. E) All these answers are correct. | A) established lines of communication and centralized administration. | 4 | |
| 5241837901 | The Persian Royal Road stretched some 2,575 kilometers (1,600 miles) from Sardis in Lydia to Susa in Iran. To travel from one end to the other, it would take A) six months for caravans. B) ninety days for caravans. C) two weeks for Marathon runners. D) one week for imperial couriers. E) one year for merchants | B) ninety days for caravans | 5 | |
| 5241837902 | The "Persian Wars" (500-479 B.C.E.) refers to A) the rebellions of Mesopotamia and Egypt against the Achaemenid overlord. B) the rebellions of the Greek city-states, fighting for their independence. C) the wars between Alexander of Macedon and the Achaemenid empire. D) the series of civil wars that occurred within the Achaemenid empire. E) None of these answers is correct. | B) the rebellions of the Greek city-states, fighting for their independence. | 6 | |
| 5241837903 | Alexander's invasion of the Achaemenid empire met with great success because A) his army outnumbered the Persian army. B) he proclaimed himself the heir to the Achaemenid rulers. C) his army was well disciplined, was well armed, and used sophisticated tactics. D) he was popular with the people of the empire. E) All these answers are correct. | C) his army was well disciplined, was well armed, and used sophisticated tactics. | 7 | |
| 5241837904 | The rulers of the Seleucid empire could not control the empire effectively, primarily because A) they abandoned the Achaemenid systems of administration and communication. B) as foreigners, they were opposed by native Persians. C) they were challenged by the Greeks. D) they were not able to resist the military pressure of the Islamic empire. E) None of these answers is correct | B) as foreigners, they were opposed by native Persians. | 8 | |
| 5241837905 | All of the following are true of the Parthians EXCEPT that they A) had a centralized government. B) were semi-nomadic people. C) had well-trained forces of heavily armed cavalry. D) portrayed themselves as restorers of Persian traditions. E) were pressured by the Roman empire | A) had a centralized government. | 9 | |
| 5241837906 | The Parthian empire was toppled by A) the Roman army. B) the Islamic army. C) the Sassanid army. D) a revolt from within the empire. E) None of these answers is correct. | D) a revolt from within the empire. | 10 | |
| 5241837907 | The administration of the Persian empires called for a new class of bureaucrats who A) undermined the position of the old warrior elite. B) came to share power and influence with warriors and clan leaders. C) were well educated. D) included a corps of translators. E) All these answers are correct. | E) All these answers are correct. | 11 | |
| 5241837908 | The construction of numerous underground canals (known as qanat) was undertaken because A) a scarcity of land meant that there was no room for normal irrigation techniques. B) there was an overabundance of slave labor that needed to be utilized. C) water was scarce, and underground canals could keep water from evaporating. D) it was the least labor-intensive way to irrigate. E) there was no agriculture surplus in the empire. | C) water was scarce, and underground canals could keep water from evaporating. | 12 | |
| 5241837909 | In classical Persia, slaves A) often came from the ranks of the free who went into debt. B) could not marry other slaves at will. C) were often prisoners of war or people who had rebelled against imperial authorities. D) provided much of the manual labor on construction projects. E) All these answers are correct | E) All these answers are correct | 13 | |
| 5241837910 | The economic foundation of classical Persian society was A) long-distance trade. B) the herding of domestic animals. C) manufactured goods. D) slavery. E) agriculture. | E) agriculture. | 14 | |
| 5241837911 | The growth of trade was promoted by A) linking the lands from India to Egypt into a vast commercial zone. B) standardizing coinage. C) cities establishing banks to facilitate commercial activities. D) relative political stability. E) All these answers are correct. | E) All these answers are correct. | 15 | |
| 5241837912 | Zarathustra was A) an emperor. B) a prophet. C) a magi. D) a monotheist. E) None of these answers is correct. | B) a prophet. | 16 | |
| 5241837913 | Which of the following was NOT a Zoroastrian teaching? A) the cosmic conflict between Ahura Mazda and Angra Mainyu B) the idea that individual souls would undergo future judgment C) ascetic renunciation of the world in favor of a future heavenly existence D) the idea that the forces of good would ultimately prevail E) a belief in six lesser deities | C) ascetic renunciation of the world in favor of a future heavenly existence | 17 | |
| 5241837914 | From the mid-seventh century, Zoroastrianism lost its popularity because A) Zoroastrians were converting to Islam. B) it was outlawed by the Persian government. C) it was outlawed by Islamic conquerors. D) more and more people turned to belief in Christianity. E) None of these answers is correct. | A) Zoroastrians were converting to Islam. | 18 | |
| 5241837915 | Which of the following religions did NOT attract large numbers of converts in the Persian empires? A) Buddhism B) Christianity C) Manichaeism D) Hinduism E) Zoroastrianism | D) Hinduism | 19 | |
| 5241837916 | In 99 B.C.E. the great historian of China, Sima Qian, suffered from castration because A) he was blamed for distorting history. B) he inflicted this pain on himself in order to be a eunuch. C) his view contradicted the emperor's judgment. D) he was a Legalist. E) None of these answers is correct. | C) his view contradicted the emperor's judgment. | 20 | |
| 5241837917 | Confucius left an enduring mark on Chinese society as A) an educator and political advisor. B) a man involved in the practice of statecraft as an ambitious official. C) a great traveler and writer of deep philosophical treatises. D) a powerful and wise emperor. E) None of these answers is correct. | A) an educator and political advisor | 21 | |
| 5241837918 | By junzi, or "superior individuals," Confucius meant A) wealthy men of the ruling elite. B) strong and brave warriors. C) individuals who withdraw from society and live in harmony with nature. D) superior individuals with a broad view of public affairs. E) writers of important philosophical tracts. | D) superior individuals with a broad view of public affairs. | 22 | |
| 5241837919 | Confucius never composed formal writings, but his disciples collected his remarks into a work called the A) Daodejing. B) Book of Songs. C) Book of History. D) Analects. E) Book of Rites. | D) Analects. | 23 | |
| 5241837920 | Mencius, the principal spokesman for the Confucian school, advocated that A) the evil nature of human beings could be improved by moral education. B) government should be organized through benevolence and humane action. C) government should be run by laws. D) people should strive to live in harmony with nature. E) All these answers are correct | B) government should be organized through benevolence and humane action. | 24 | |
| 5241837921 | The concept dao means A) natural laws such as those defined by modern physics. B) the original force of the cosmos, an eternal and unchanging principle that governs all the workings of the world. C) passive and yielding forces that exist only in water and empty spaces. D) living according to ren, li, and xiao. E) All these answers are correct. | B) the original force of the cosmos, an eternal and unchanging principle that governs all the workings of the world. | 25 | |
| 5241837922 | An individual who practiced the Daoist virtue of wuwei would A) motivate himself or herself to change the world. B) follow high ethical standards and strive for success. C) try to govern the state according to benevolent paternalism. D) go with the flow of the cosmos and live in harmony with nature. E) All these answers are correct. | D) go with the flow of the cosmos and live in harmony with nature. | 26 | |
| 5241837923 | Individuals in traditional China could live as "Confucians by day . . . and Daoists by night." This refers to the notion that A) the difference between Confucianism and Daoism was as clear-cut as day and night. B) Confucianism and Daoism were not mutually exclusive but, in many people's eyes, complemented each other. C) the Chinese, like other peoples, were active in daytime and became passive at night. D) Daoism was associated with darkness and evil and Confucianism with light and good. E) people often pretended to be Confucians to others while secretly practicing Daoism. | B) Confucianism and Daoism were not mutually exclusive but, in many people's eyes, complemented each other. | 27 | |
| 5241837924 | To make a strong and powerful state, Legalist ministers A) encouraged commerce, entrepreneurial activity, and education. B) won the people's support by providing them with legal rights. C) sought to rule according to principle of benevolence. D) encouraged agricultural cultivation and military service. E) All these answers are correct. | D) encouraged agricultural cultivation and military service. | 28 | |
| 5241837925 | The First Emperor Qin Shihuangdi A) ordered the burning of most books. B) ordered workers to link defensive walls into one barrier. C) sentenced scholars to be buried alive. D) standardized the written script. E) All these answers are correct. | E) All these answers are correct. | 29 | |
| 5241837926 | The excavation site of the First Emperor's tomb near modern Xi'an is a great tourist attraction. When you visit the tomb, you can see A) a great terra-cotta army of Qin soldiers and cavalry. B) sacrificed slaves, concubines, and craftsmen who designed and built the tomb. C) a map of the emperor's realm on the ceiling. D) an underground palace lined with bronze. E) All these answers are correct. | A) a great terra-cotta army of Qin soldiers and cavalry. | 30 | |
| 5241837927 | The great Qin empire only lasted a few years. It was ended by A) a military coup. B) waves of revolts. C) deadly epidemics. D) violence of court factions. E) invasions by nomadic people | B) waves of revolts | 31 | |
| 5241837928 | Liu Bang A) was the last of the Qin emperors. B) was a brilliant and charismatic leader who relied on no one. C) constructed the most highly decentralized state in China's history up to that point. D) was captured and killed by nomadic Xiongnu warriors. E) None of these answers is correct. | C) constructed the most highly decentralized state in China's history up to that point. | 32 | |
| 5241837929 | Han Wudi, the greatest and most energetic emperor of the Han dynasty, was remembered by later generations A) as the "First Emperor." B) as the "Martial Emperor." C) as a "socialist emperor." D) for his successful conquest of central Asia. E) None of these answers is correct. | B) as the "Martial Emperor." | 33 | |
| 5241837930 | In preparing government officials, the imperial university of the Later Han enrolled more than three thousand students, with its curriculum primarily based on A) the statecraft policies of Legalism. B) political science and the study of law. C) Daoism. D) Confucianism. E) None of these answers is correct | D) Confucianism. | 34 | |
| 5241837931 | Han Wudi decided to go on the offensive against the Xiongnu primarily because A) he wanted to pacify them and create a central Asian corridor to trade. B) other methods did not effectively pacify the Xiongnu and stop their raids. C) the powerful Xiongnu leader, Maodun, killed his father. D) he wanted to capture the wealthy Xiongnu cities. E) All these answers are correct. | A) he wanted to pacify them and create a central Asian corridor to trade | 35 | |
| 5241837932 | Which of the following is NOT true with regard to Chinese silk? A) Sericulture was first discovered by the Chinese during the Han dynasty. B) Chinese silk was finer than others because of advanced sericulture techniques. C) During Han times, Chinese silk became a prized commodity in India, Persia, Mesopotamia, and the Roman empire. D) During the Han, sericulture expanded from the Yellow River valley to most of China. E) Chinese silk thread was made from unraveling silkworm cocoons. | A) Sericulture was first discovered by the Chinese during the Han dynasty. | 36 | |
| 5241837933 | After 100 C.E. most Chinese writing was on A) bamboo strips. B) silk. C) paper. D) papyrus. E) parchment. | C) paper | 37 | |
| 5241837934 | After Wang Mang usurped the throne of the Han, he attempted to A) restore land that had been taken from the royal family. B) solve the problem of court factions. C) redistribute land more equitably. D) conquer the Xiongnu. E) All these answers are correct. | A) restore land that had been taken from the royal family. | 38 | |
| 5241837935 | An event leading to the collapse of the Han dynasty was A) the Yellow Turban uprising. B) the invasion of the Xiongnu. C) the rise of the "socialist emperor." D) the moving of the capital to Luoyang. E) All these answers are correct | A) the Yellow Turban uprising. | 39 | |
| 5241837936 | Which of the following was NOT conveyed by the author of the Indika? A) Indian ants were as big as foxes and could mine gold from the earth. B) Large Indian armies used elephants as war animals. C) The Indians were suffering from poverty and all kinds of miseries. D) The capital of Pataliputra had 570 towers. E) There were two prominent belief systems that were exempt from taxes. | C) The Indians were suffering from poverty and all kinds of miseries | 40 | |
| 5241837937 | In contrast to Persia and China, classical India A) was isolated from the outside world by formidable geographical barriers. B) did not have well-developed religions. C) lacked a strong and continuing imperial tradition. D) was a backward country in terms of economy and culture. E) All these answers are correct. | C) lacked a strong and continuing imperial tradition. | 41 | |
| 5241837938 | The invasions of Darius and Alexander played an important role in Indian politics and history because A) the conquests brought India, Persia, and Mesopotamia together as one country. B) foreign religions began to take root in Indian society. C) the Greeks dominated Indian history for centuries. D) the intrusions destroyed many petty kingdoms and created a political vacuum. E) All these answers are correct. | D) the intrusions destroyed many petty kingdoms and created a political vacuum. | 42 | |
| 5241837939 | The man who founded the first Indian empire was A) Chandragupta Maurya. B) Chandra Gupta. C) Ashoka Maurya. D) Alexander of Macedon. E) Siddhartha Gautama. | A) Chandragupta Maurya. | 43 | |
| 5241837940 | Ashoka, the great emperor of the Mauryan empire, A) was the only emperor to extend India beyond the subcontinent. B) wrote a handbook on the principles of government C) converted to Buddhism after his bloody war against Kalinga. D) abdicated his throne and led a life so ascetic that he starved himself to death. E) None of these answers is correct | C) converted to Buddhism after his bloody war against Kalinga. | 44 | |
| 5241837941 | Which of the following caused the Mauryan empire to decline and collapse? A) financial difficulties caused by maintaining the army and bureaucracy B) peasant rebellions and factional violence among members of the imperial court C) foreign invasion by the White Huns D) too many converts to Jainism refusing to fight wars E) All these answers are correct | A) financial difficulties caused by maintaining the army and bureaucracy | 45 | |
| 5241837942 | The Kushan empire A) originated from nomadic conquerors from central Asia. B) pacified large areas of present-day Pakistan, Afghanistan, and north India. C) peaked under the rule of Kanishka. D) played a crucial role in the silk roads trading network. E) All these answers are correct | E) All these answers are correct | 46 | |
| 5241837943 | Compared with the Mauryan empire, the Gupta empire was A) smaller in size. B) less powerful and stable. C) less centralized. D) longer-lived. E) All these answers are correct. | E) All these answers are correct. | 47 | |
| 5241837944 | The White Huns occupied Bactria and prepared to cross the Hindu Kush into India during the fourth and fifth centuries. Their invasions A) were a mere annoyance to the strong Gupta military. B) galvanized local kingdoms to unify themselves for self-defense. C) initially met fierce resistance from the Gupta empire. D) introduced Buddhism to India. E) None of these answers is correct | C) initially met fierce resistance from the Gupta empire | 48 | |
| 5241837945 | Which of the following is true with respect to marriage in classical India? A) Child marriage was common. B) Inter-caste marriage was forbidden by law. C) An ideal wife was weak-willed, faithful, and loyal to her husband. D) Sita was the model of the ideal wife. E) All these answers are correct. | E) All these answers are correct | 49 | |
| 5241837946 | In classical India, jati A) were economically self-sufficient and politically autonomous. B) had their own courts to control crimes and solve disputes. C) were not much different from guilds of other societies. D) were based on religious affiliation. E) All these answers are correct | B) had their own courts to control crimes and solve disputes | 50 | |
| 5241837947 | Your textbook states that "economic development and social change in classical India had profound implications for the established cultural as well as the social order." By this the authors mean that A) social distinctions based on castes and jati were practically out of date. B) asceticism became unnecessary when more and more people became wealthy. C) Aryan rituals and beliefs became more popular. D) new religions emerged to meet the needs of changing times. E) None of these answers is correct. | D) new religions emerged to meet the needs of changing times. | 51 | |
| 5241837948 | Among the principles of Jainist ethics, the most important was A) ahimsa. B) kshatriya. C) Jina. D) kama. E) boddhisatva | A) ahimsa. | 52 | |
| 5241837949 | According to legend, Siddhartha Gautama, the first Buddha, abandoned his family and comfortable life to lead the existence of a holy man because of his concern with A) suffering. B) the souls of everything in the universe. C) the social responsibility associated with his caste. D) his guilt over his behavior in battle. E) his children | A) suffering. | 53 | |
| 5241837950 | The religious goal of early Buddhism was A) "Turning of the Wheel of the Law." B) the Four Noble Truths. C) the Noble Eightfold Path. D) nirvana. E) reincarnation. | D) nirvana. | 54 | |
| 5241837951 | According to the authors of the textbook, Jainism and Buddhism appealed especially to members of lower castes because both religions A) practiced asceticism, which poor people could afford to do. B) did not recognize social distinctions based on caste or jati. C) organized monastic orders that provided the poor with shelters and a meaningful lifestyle as monks. D) appealed to the brahmins. E) All these answers are correct | B) did not recognize social distinctions based on caste or jati. | 55 | |
| 5241837952 | Which of the following statements does NOT apply to Ashoka's support of Buddhism? A) He banned animal sacrifices and hunting. B) He became a vegetarian. C) He built monasteries and stupas and made pilgrimages to Buddhist holy sites. D) He sent Buddhist missionaries to foreign countries. E) He abdicated his throne, abandoned his imperial family, lived in a Buddhist monastery, and finally attained nirvana | E) He abdicated his throne, abandoned his imperial family, lived in a Buddhist monastery, and finally attained nirvana. | 56 | |
| 5241837953 | One of the differences between early Buddhism and Mahayana Buddhism was that A) Mahayana theologians invented the notion of the boddhisatva. B) Mahayana theologians revised the Four Noble Truths. C) Mahayana Buddhists did not honor the Buddha as a god. D) Mahayana Buddhists did not embrace the notion of dharma. E) Mahayana Buddhism was dominant in Ceylon | A) Mahayana theologians invented the notion of the boddhisatva | 57 | |
| 5241837954 | Buddhism gradually lost its popularity in India because A) it did not promise to make life easy for its adherents. B) brahmins, the dominant class of classical India, no longer tolerated Buddhism. C) Buddhist monasteries were abolished in India by royal decree. D) it grew increasingly remote from the population at large. E) All these answers are correct | D) it grew increasingly remote from the population at large | 58 | |
| 5241837955 | Which of the following is NOT true with regard to Hinduism? A) It restricted sexual activities. B) It became the most popular religion of classical India. C) It did not have a single founder like Siddhartha Gautama for Buddhism. D) It supported the caste system. E) It included a belief in reincarnation. | A) It restricted sexual activities. | 59 | |
| 5241837956 | In Homer's Iliad and Odyssey, the ancient Greeks were portrayed as A) expert and fearless seafarers. B) professional pirates. C) warriors with human heads and horse bodies. D) rational philosophers. E) drunken homosexuals. | A) expert and fearless seafarers | 60 | |
| 5241837957 | Which of the following is true with regard to Minoan and Mycenaean societies? A) Both societies used Linear A. B) Both societies built palaces. C) Both societies were established by Indo-European immigrants. D) Both societies fought in the Trojan War. E) Both were centered on Crete | B) Both societies built palaces. | 61 | |
| 5241837958 | By "tyrants" the Greeks meant A) oppressive despots with no popular support. B) ambitious politicians who gained power by irregular means. C) extremely popular leaders of poleis. D) democratic rulers of Athens. E) None of these answers is correct. | B) ambitious politicians who gained power by irregular means. | 62 | |
| 5241837959 | Which of the following was part of Spartan life? A) Boys were taken away from their mothers for military training. B) Young married women did not live with their husbands. C) The helots were servants of the Spartan state. D) Vigorous physical exercise for girls was encouraged, in hopes that they would bear strong children. E) All these answers are correct. | E) All these answers are correct. | 63 | |
| 5241837960 | Which of the following was an Athenian political leader? A) Sophocles B) Sappho C) Pericles D) Homer E) Darius | C) Pericles | 64 | |
| 5241837961 | How democratic was the Athenian democracy? Choose the best description. A) Citizenship was open to all residents. B) Slavery was abolished through Solon's reform. C) All male citizens were qualified to join the city councils. D) Men and women could hold political office. E) None of these answers is correct | C) All male citizens were qualified to join the city councils | 65 | |
| 5241837962 | Between the mid-eighth and the late-sixth centuries B.C.E., the Greeks founded more than four hundred colonies along the shores of the Mediterranean and the Black Sea. The driving force behind this movement was primarily A) population pressure. B) an abundance of agricultural land in Greece. C) earthquakes and volcanic eruptions on the Greek peninsula. D) a sense of pride associated with military conquests of other peoples. E) the need to flee from the Persians. | A) population pressure. | 66 | |
| 5241837963 | Which of the following was NOT a consequence of Greek colonization? A) It quickened the social development of the peoples living in the western Mediterranean and Black Sea regions. B) It led to direct conflict between the Greeks and the Persians. C) It made Greeks weak and isolated from one another. D) It disrupted trade and commerce. E) It led to a gradual decline in the economy of the Peloponnese. | D) It disrupted trade and commerce. | 67 | |
| 5241837964 | The Delian League was created to A) conduct democratic reforms in Athens. B) discourage further Persian invasions. C) maintain peace within the Greek world. D) bring greater wealth to Sparta and its allies. E) All these answers are correct. | B) discourage further Persian invasions. | 68 | |
| 5241837965 | The Peloponnesian War was fought between A) two groups of Greek adversaries under the leadership of Athens and Sparta. B) Thebes and Corinth. C) Anatolian Greeks and peninsular Greeks. D) the Persian empire and Athens. E) None of these answers is correct. | A) two groups of Greek adversaries under the leadership of Athens and Sparta. | 69 | |
| 5241837966 | The freedom and independence of the Greek poleis finally fell under A) Xerxes, by 480 B.C.E. B) Pericles, by 429 B.C.E. C) Philip II, by 338 B.C.E. D) Alexander, by 336 B.C.E. E) Plato, by 400 B.C.E. | C) Philip II, by 338 B.C.E. | 70 | |
| 5241837967 | Alexander's troops refused to go any further from home after they reached ________ in 327 B.C.E. A) Egypt B) Bactria C) China D) Mesopotamia E) India | E) India | 71 | |
| 5241837968 | Which of the following is NOT true with regard to Alexandria of Egypt? A) It had one of the largest libraries in the ancient world. B) It was the commercial center of the Mediterranean. C) It was the cultural capital of the Hellenistic world. D) It was originally a colony of Athens. E) It was the administrative center of the Ptolemaic empire. | D) It was originally a colony of Athens. | 72 | |
| 5241837969 | The Greek peninsula was A) known for its fertile valleys and copious rainfall. B) especially good for travel and communication. C) ideal for cultivating olives and grapes. D) the homeland of Alexander. E) All these answers are correct | C) ideal for cultivating olives and grapes. | 73 | |
| 5241837970 | Which of the following might you have witnessed in classical Greece? A) a woman accusing her husband of abandoning her newborn baby, but the court rejecting her petition B) a woman managing the family shop by herself after her husband's death C) even the homosexual men of the community condemning a woman after her homosexuality was exposed D) a Spartan woman taking up arms to defend the polis E) All these answers are correct. | E) All these answers are correct | 74 | |
| 5241837971 | Greek philosophy is often characterized as "rational" because A) it was based purely on human reason. B) its reasoning was based purely on experiment. C) it transformed the Greek myths into philosophical speculation. D) it encouraged a personal emotional response to the gods. E) All of the answers are correct. | A) it was based purely on human reason. | 75 | |
| 5241837972 | Which of the following was NOT one of Plato's ideas? A) the belief that our display of virtue or other qualities in the world was merely an imperfect reflection of the true reality B) the belief that there was another world of ideal qualities called Forms C) the belief that the ideal state was one ruled by a philosophical elite D) the belief that only democracy could make the philosopher-king possible E) the belief that the ideal state would allow people to work at jobs where their talents lie | D) the belief that only democracy could make the philosopher-king possible | 76 | |
| 5241837973 | The most respected and influential of the Hellenistic philosophers were A) the Aristotelians. B) the Epicureans. C) the Stoics. D) the Platonists. E) the Skeptics. | C) the Stoics. | 77 | |
| 5241837974 | According to Plato, Socrates' view of death was that A) death is an eternity of nothingness. B) no evil can happen to a good man either in life or after death. C) all men know life is better than death. D) death is a good thing. E) None of these answers is correct. | B) no evil can happen to a good man either in life or after death. | 78 | |
| 5241837975 | Which of the following is true of the religions of salvation in Hellenistic society? A) They promised the possibility of eternal bliss. B) The cult of Osiris became one of the most popular. C) Many included the belief in a savior who dies and is resurrected. D) Faith in them spread along the trade routes. E) All these answers are correct. | E) All these answers are correct. | 79 | |
| 5241837976 | About 55 C.E., Paul of Tarsus traveled from a port in Palestine to Rome in order to A) seek converts. B) appeal his case. C) apply for Roman citizenship. D) seek his fortune. E) None of these answers is correct | B) appeal his case. | 80 | |
| 5241837977 | According to the ancient legends, the kingdom of Rome was established in 753 B.C.E. by A) Remus. B) a she-wolf. C) Aeneas. D) Romulus. E) None of these answers is correct. | D) Romulus. | 81 | |
| 5241837978 | The society of the Etruscans was ruled by A) city-states. B) a republican government. C) powerful kings. D) two consuls. E) tribunes. | C) powerful kings | 82 | |
| 5241837979 | The Roman republic was dominated by A) patricians. B) plebeians. C) democratic leaders. D) merchants. E) priests. | A) patricians. | 83 | |
| 5241837980 | During the Punic Wars, the Romans came into bloody conflict with the Carthaginians when the Romans expanded to A) Britain. B) Greece. C) Egypt. D) Sicily. E) Carthage. | D) Sicily. | 84 | |
| 5241837981 | The Gracchi brothers are known for being A) owners of latifundia. B) reformers. C) powerful generals. D) emperors. E) None of these answers is correct. | B) reformers. | 85 | |
| 5241837982 | The rise of private armies directly threatened the existence of the Roman republic. Which of the following men did NOT command private armies? A) Gaius Marius B) the Gracchi brothers C) Lucius Cornelius Sulla D) Julius Caesar E) Mark Antony | B) the Gracchi brothers | 86 | |
| 5241837983 | Which of the following was done by Caesar after he seized power in 49 B.C.E.? A) He started large-scale building projects. B) He centralized the military under his control. C) He named himself dictator for life. D) He distributed property to the veterans of his armies. E) All these answers are correct. | E) All these answers are correct. | 87 | |
| 5241837984 | Augustus's government was A) a republic disguised as a monarchy. B) a monarchy disguised as a republic. C) an oligarchy disguised as democracy. D) a democracy disguised as an empire. E) an empire disguised as a democracy. | B) a monarchy disguised as a republic. | 88 | |
| 5241837985 | Who wrote about the corruption of the early Roman empire? A) Juvenal B) Cicero C) Livy D) Tacitus E) None of these answers is correct. | D) Tacitus | 89 | |
| 5241837986 | By Roman law, A) a defendant was assumed innocent until proven guilty. B) defendants had a right to challenge their accusers before a judge. C) the judge enjoyed great discretion in applying laws. D) judges could set aside laws. E) All these answers are correct. | E) All these answers are correct. | 90 | |
| 5241837987 | Which of the following were NOT attractions of the city of Rome? A) public baths, swimming pools, and gymnasia B) the Pantheon's dome C) statues, monumental arches, temples, and aqueducts D) public beaches on the Mediterranean E) chariot races in the Circus Maximus | D) public beaches on the Mediterranean | 91 | |
| 5241837988 | Which of the following is true of the Roman family? A) It meant an entire household, including slaves, servants, and relatives. B) It included the pater familias, who was the authority. C) Women supervised the domestic affairs. D) Children could be sold into slavery. E) All these answers are correct. | E) All these answers are correct. | 92 | |
| 5241837989 | Which of the following does NOT describe Roman slaves? A) They were often chained together to work on latifundia. B) In cities, they were often freed when they reached thirty years of age. C) They had the right to elect their own tribunes. D) Female slaves usually worked as domestic servants. E) Some slaves were highly educated. | C) They had the right to elect their own tribunes. | 93 | |
| 5241837990 | Which of the following may have been the most popular religion in the Roman empire prior to Christianity? A) Islam B) the cult of Cybele C) Stoicism D) the cult of Isis E) Judaism | D) the cult of Isis | 94 | |
| 5241837991 | Mithraism was especially popular among A) soldiers. B) women. C) slaves. D) the wealthy. E) intellectuals. | A) soldiers. | 95 | |
| 5241837992 | The Jewish people could not get along well with a number of imperial regimes because A) they declined to pay taxes. B) they did not respect any secular authorities. C) they had difficulty recognizing emperors as divine. D) they were converting to Mithraism. E) All these answers are correct. | C) they had difficulty recognizing emperors as divine. | 96 | |
| 5241837993 | The Essenes A) were an early Christian sect. B) were a sect of Mithraism. C) is another term for the Dead Sea scrolls. D) looked for their own savior. E) None of these answers is correct | D) looked for their own savior. | 97 | |
| 5241837994 | After Jesus' crucifixion, his followers called him "Christ," meaning A) "the anointed one." B) "the son of God." C) "the enlightened one." D) "the one who sacrifices." E) None of these answers is correct. | A) "the anointed one." | 98 | |
| 5241837995 | The remarkable growth of early Christianity reflected the new faith's appeal, particularly to A) Roman emperors. B) high-ranking officials and the wealthy elite. C) Roman soldiers and military officers. D) the lower classes, urban populations, and women. E) All these answers are correct. | D) the lower classes, urban populations, and women. | 99 | |
| 5241837996 | In 139 B.C.E., the Chinese emperor dispatched Zhang Qian to central Asia to A) open the silk roads. B) seek allies against the Xiongnu. C) buy large and strong horses. D) spy on his enemies. E) None of these answers is correct. | B) seek allies against the Xiongnu. | 100 | |
| 5241837997 | Which of the following was a favorable condition for developing long-distance trade during the classical era? A) Empires ruled vast areas and maintained good social order. B) Under imperial rule many roads and bridges were constructed. C) Central Asia was pacified by the campaigns of Han Wudi. D) The Ptolemies figured out the monsoon system. E) All these answers are correct | E) All these answers are correct. | 101 | |
| 5241837998 | The monsoon winds in the Indian Ocean A) created tremendous difficulty for traders. B) blow regularly from the north in the summer. C) were actually first discovered by the Romans. D) tied southeast Asia, India, Arabia, and east Africa together in a maritime trade route. E) All these answers are correct. | C) were actually first discovered by the Romans | 102 | |
| 5241837999 | Which of the following is NOT true with regard to the silk roads? A) The silk roads actually had nothing to do with silk. B) Because of the silk roads, silk garments became popular among wealthy Romans. C) The silk roads linked much of Eurasia and north Africa. D) The silk roads also included sea lanes. E) The silk roads also carried fine spices | A) The silk roads actually had nothing to do with silk. | 103 | |
| 5241838000 | Which of the following would NOT have been on a ship carrying goods in the classical era? A) pepper and cotton from India B) silk from Bactria C) olive oil and wine from Rome D) spices from Southeast Asia E) slaves from Africa | B) silk from Bactria | 104 | |
| 5241838001 | The principal agent(s) for the spread of Buddhism over the silk roads was/were A) the Buddha himself. B) merchants. C) Indian monks. D) missionaries of the emperor Ashoka. E) mariners | B) merchants. | 105 | |
| 5241838002 | Which of the following is true with regard to the Indian influence in southeast Asia? A) Rulers called themselves rajas ("kings"). B) Rulers adopted Indian Sanskrit as their written language. C) Rulers appointed Buddhist or Hindu advisors in their governments. D) Rulers built temples in the Indian style. E) All these answers are correct. | E) All these answers are correct. | 106 | |
| 5241838003 | By the third century C.E., Christian communities in Mesopotamia and Iran deeply influenced Christian practices in the Roman empire through their A) Nestorian beliefs. B) Confucian traditions. C) ascetic values. D) philosophy reflected by St. Augustine. E) All these answers are correct. | C) ascetic values. | 107 | |
| 5241838004 | Mani, the founder of Manichaeism, promoted a syncretic blend of A) Christianity, Buddhism, and Hinduism. B) Zoroastrianism, Christianity, and Buddhism. C) Nestorianism, Daoism, and Buddhism. D) Hinduism, Daoism, and Confucianism. E) Confucianism, Christianity, and Judaism | B) Zoroastrianism, Christianity, and Buddhism | 108 | |
| 5241838005 | Manichaeism promoted A) a highly ascetic lifestyle. B) a belief in the struggle between the forces of good and evil. C) the possibility of individual salvation. D) a strict moral code of behavior. E) All these answers are correct | E) All these answers are correct. | 109 | |
| 5241838006 | With regard to epidemic diseases on the silk roads, which of the following is NOT true? A) The most devastating diseases were smallpox, measles, and bubonic plague. B) The diseases seriously weakened the Han and Roman empires. C) The diseases caused the greatest population loss in India. D) The largest outbreaks occurred in the second and third centuries C.E. E) A Roman emperor died during one of the epidemics. | C) The diseases caused the greatest population loss in India. | 110 | |
| 5241838007 | Immediately after the dissolution of the Han empire in 220 C.E., China A) was taken over by nomadic peoples. B) became increasingly powerful in trade. C) fell under the domination of the Sui dynasty. D) changed its policy on land distribution. E) None of these answers is correct. | A) was taken over by nomadic peoples. | 111 | |
| 5241838008 | Which of the following did NOT contribute to the popularity of Buddhism in post-Han China? A) The threats of epidemic diseases turned the Chinese to Buddhism for personal salvation. B) After the collapse of the Han dynasty, Confucianism lost its dominant position. C) The nomadic peoples who migrated into north China brought their Buddhist faith to the Chinese. D) Missionary efforts by Buddhists attracted many native Chinese followers. E) Buddhism was familiar because many foreign merchants practiced it. | A) The threats of epidemic diseases turned the Chinese to Buddhism for personal salvation. | 112 | |
| 5241838009 | By dividing the Roman empire into two administrative districts, Emperor Diocletian attempted to A) establish more effective control of the empire. B) share imperial power with the "barracks emperors." C) give up the east half of the empire to Christians. D) make up for his lack of skill as an administrator. E) None of these answers is correct. | A) establish more effective control of the empire. | 113 | |
| 5241838010 | Which of the following is NOT true with regard to the Visigoths before they invaded the Roman empire? A) They adopted Roman law. B) They adopted official Roman language and social customs. C) They contributed large numbers of soldiers to the Roman armies. D) They were driven further west by the Huns. E) They converted to Christianity. | B) They adopted official Roman language and social customs. | 114 | |
| 5241838011 | The invading Huns contributed to the fall of the western Roman empire by A) deposing the last emperor of the western Roman empire. B) sacking the city of Rome in 410 C.E. C) pressing the Germanic peoples into the western Roman empire. D) completely disrupting trade along the silk roads. E) attacking Constantinople | C) pressing the Germanic peoples into the western Roman empire. | 115 | |
| 5241838012 | The emperor who allowed Christians to practice their faith openly for the first time in the Roman empire was A) Constantine. B) Theodosius. C) St. Augustine. D) Diocletian. E) None of these answers is correct | A) Constantine. | 116 | |
| 5241838013 | Which of the following is true of the early hierarchy of the Christian church? A) Bishops presided over the religious affairs of dioceses. B) The bishop of Rome became known as the pope. C) There were five top religious authorities in the Roman empire. D) The church authorities met in councils to resolve theological disputes. E) All these answers are correct. | E) All these answers are correct. | 117 | |
| 5241838014 | St. Cyprian's view of the epidemic of 251 C.E. was that A) it would cause the downfall of the Roman empire. B) Christians would be protected from the ravages of the disease. C) the Jews were responsible for bringing the disease. D) it was a welcome event for servants of God. E) None of these answers is correct. | D) it was a welcome event for servants of God. | 118 | |
| 5241838015 | What happened to the silk roads after the decline of the Han and Roman empires? A) They no longer carried epidemic diseases. B) Activity actually increased along the silk roads. C) There was less activity, but trade revived along the routes in the sixth century C.E. D) The routes were changed to cross easier terrain. E) None of these answers is correct. | C) There was less activity, but trade revived along the routes in the sixth century C.E. | 119 |
