Terms : Hide Images
| 10939751813 | absolute | complete; totally unlimited; certain | 0 | |
| 10939800445 | anarchy | (n) a lack of government and law; confusion | 1 | |
| 10939803806 | Aqueduct | A structure that carries water over long distances | 2 | |
| 10939803807 | Aristocracy | A government in which power is in the hands of a hereditary ruling class or nobility | 3 | |
| 10939807667 | barbarian | a person belonging to a tribe or group that is considered uncivilized | 4 | |
| 10939810216 | Bureaucracy | A large, complex organization composed of appointed officials | 5 | |
| 10939813163 | citizen | A person with certain rights and responsibilities in his or her country or community | 6 | |
| 10939816514 | city-state | A city with political and economic control over the surrounding countryside | 7 | |
| 10939820167 | classical | An age marked by great achievements | 8 | |
| 10939823103 | colony | A group of people in one place who are ruled by a parent country elsewhere. | 9 | |
| 10939826173 | cosmopolitan | worldly; sophisticated | 10 | |
| 10939826174 | debt | Money owed | 11 | |
| 10939828750 | deficit | An excess of federal expenditures over federal revenues. | 12 | |
| 10939828751 | deity | a god or goddess | 13 | |
| 10939832239 | Democracy | A political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them | 14 | |
| 10939836473 | diplomacy | The practice of conducting negotiations between countries | 15 | |
| 10939836474 | diversity | variety | 16 | |
| 10939840652 | dynasty | A series of rulers from the same family | 17 | |
| 10939844041 | emperor | the ruler of an empire | 18 | |
| 10939844042 | empire | A group of states or territories controlled by one ruler | 19 | |
| 10939852379 | fiscal | pertaining to finances | 20 | |
| 10939852380 | hegemony | the domination of one state or group over its allies | 21 | |
| 10939855867 | maritime | A humid air mass that forms over oceans | 22 | |
| 10939859214 | matriarch | female head of the family | 23 | |
| 10939863396 | matriarchal | relating to a social system in which the mother is head of the family | 24 | |
| 10939872080 | matrilineal | relating to a social system in which family descent and inheritance rights are traced through the mother | 25 | |
| 10939876202 | monsoon | rainy season in southern Asia when the southwestern monsoon blows, bringing heavy rains | 26 | |
| 10939881405 | paternal | fatherly | 27 | |
| 10939882433 | pathogen | A disease causing agent | 28 | |
| 10939886649 | patriarch | the male head of a family or tribe | 29 | |
| 10939891324 | patriarchal | relating to a society in which men hold the greatest legal and moral authority | 30 | |
| 10939891325 | republic | A form of government in which citizens choose their leaders by voting | 31 | |
| 10939894625 | rimland | a peripheral area of a country or region. | 32 | |
| 10939899220 | state | A body of people living in a defined territory who have a government with the power to make and enforce law without the consent of any higher authority | 33 | |
| 10939904326 | Syncretism | a blending of beliefs and practices from different religions into one faith | 34 | |
| 10939912272 | Olmecs | (1400 B.C.E. to 500 B.C.E.) earliest known Mexican civilization,lived in rainforests along the Gulf of Mexico, developed calendar and constructed public buildings and temples, carried on trade with other groups.priests/aristocrats were at the top of society, built a ceremonial center, worshiped the jaguar, best remains are the stone carved heads at la venta, use of calendar, spread through trade, known for art, most important legacy was priestly leadership and devotion | 35 | |
| 10939988219 | Maya | They settled in the Yucatan Peninsula, not far from the Olmecs. A very cultural and intellectual people who used astronomy to create and very accurate calendar. | 36 | |
| 10940004399 | Cyrus | Founder of the Achaemenid Persian Empire. Between 550 and 530 B.C.E. he conquered Media, Lydia, and Babylon. Revered in the traditions of both Iran and the subject peoples. | 37 | |
| 10940008674 | Xerxes | son of Darius; became Persian king. He vowed revenge on the Athenians. He invaded Greece with 180,000 troops in 480 B.C. | 38 | |
| 10940008675 | Darius | The third king of the Persian Achaemenid Empire. He ruled the empire at its peak. He organized the empire by dividing it into provinces and placing satraps to govern it. He organized a new uniform money system, along with making Aramaic the official language of the empire. He also worked on construction projects throughout the empire. | 39 | |
| 10940014990 | Zarathustra | A Persian prophet, traditionally dated to the sixth or seventh century B.C.E. (but perhaps much older), who founded Zoroastrianism. | 40 | |
| 10940024021 | satrap | A governor of a province in ancient Persia | 41 | |
| 10940073339 | Satraps/Satrapies | Persians governors that ruled over different territories while serving under the king. | 42 | |
| 10940086567 | Zoroastrianism | A religion that developed in early Persia and stressed the fight between the forces of good and the forces of evil and how eventually the forces of good would prevail. | 43 | |
| 10940093874 | Angra Mainyu | In Zoroastrianism, the evil god, engaged in a cosmic struggle with Ahura Mazda. | 44 | |
| 10940096743 | Royal Road | A road for the government use built by the ancient Persian ruler Darius which helped unite the empire | 45 | |
| 10940127023 | Ahura Mazda | In Zoroastrianism, the good god who rules the world. | 46 | |
| 10940135417 | Confucius | (551-479 BCE) A Chinese philosopher known also as Kong Fuzi and created one of the most influential philosophies in Chinese history. | 47 | |
| 10940135418 | Laozi | Founder of Daoism | 48 | |
| 10940140016 | Shang Yang and Han Feizi | Clear and strict laws | 49 | |
| 10940143016 | Qin Shihuangdi | Ruler of China who united China for the first time. He built road and canals and began the Great Wall of China. He also imposed a standard system of laws, money, weights, and writing. | 50 | |
| 10940162007 | Han Wudi | a Chinese emperor; after Zhang Qian came back from his expedition, Zhang suggests trade relations between China and Bactria through India, and Han thought that was a fantabulous idea; China imposed political and military control over vast territories and promoted trade | 51 | |
| 10940166723 | Wang Mang | interrupted Han rule for around 15 years to rule China; tried helping the poor by establishing granaries and land reform. | 52 | |
| 10940172387 | Mencius | major follower of Confucius; stressed that humans were essentially good and that governments required the consent of their subjects. | 53 | |
| 10940175815 | Xiongnu | A confederation of nomadic peoples living beyond the northwest frontier of ancient China. Chinese rulers tried a variety of defenses and stratagems to ward off these 'barbarians,' as they called them, and dispersed them in 1st Century. (168) | 54 | |
| 10940175816 | eunuch | a castrated man | 55 | |
| 10940179429 | Li | Called for individuals to behave in conventionally appropriate fashion in Confucianism. they should treat all other human beings with courtesy, while showing special respect and deference to elders or superiors. | 56 | |
| 10940205783 | dao | The proper way Chinese kings were expected to rule under the mandate of heaven. | 57 | |
| 10940221024 | Ren | An attitude of kindness and benevolence or a sense of humanity for Confucianism. | 58 | |
| 10940221025 | Xiao | filial piety, which obliged children to respect their parents and other family elders, look after their welfare, support them in old age, and remember them along with other ancestors after their deaths. | 59 | |
| 10940233927 | wuwei | Daoist concept of a disengagement from the affairs of the world. Wuwei required that individuals refrain from advanced education and personal striving, and that they live simply, unpretentiously, and in harmony with nature; the less government, the better. | 60 | |
| 10940262531 | The Book of Lord Shang | written by Shang Yang; contains Legalist theories | 61 | |
| 10940273694 | The Great Wall | a vast Chinese defensive fortification begun in the 3rd century B.C. and running along the northern border of the country for 2,400 km; Qin Shihuangdi built | 62 | |
| 10940292023 | Terra Cota Army | clay soliders; chinese believed in afterlife so Qin Shi had these placed in his tomb to protect him in the afterlife | 63 | |
| 10940300023 | Yellow Turban Uprising | Large revolt throughout China during the Han dynasty led by desperate peasants wearing yellow turbans. This uprising tested the resilience of the Han state during the late second century CE. It weakened the Han state during the second and third centuries CE. Leads to fall of Han Dynasty | 64 | |
| 10940304406 | Ban Zhao's Admonitions for Women | emphasized humility, obedience, subservience, and devotion to their husbands as the virtues most appropriate for women. | 65 | |
| 10940330943 | Chandragupta Maurya | founder of Maurya dynasty; established first empire in Indian subcontinent; first centralized government since Harappan civilization | 66 | |
| 10940355240 | Ashoka Maurya | The grandson of Chandragupta Maurya, he took the Mauryan Empire to its height. Famously converted to Buddhism after the deadly Kalinga Wars | 67 | |
| 10940376652 | Chandra Gupta | definition: the founder and ruler of the Gupta Empire significance: led to the golden age of India | 68 | |
| 10940390530 | Ramayana | one of two classical Hindu epics telling of the banishment of Rama from his kingdom and the abduction of his wife by a demon and Rama's restoration to the throne | 69 | |
| 10940390531 | nirvana | a state of perfect peace; escape from the cycle of incarnation and attainment | 70 | |
| 10940405364 | sanskirt | The language spoken by the Aryans. It is the root of may languages in India including Hindi. the literary language of the Vedas that the brahmins employed in their rituals, in favor of vernacular tongues that reached a much larger popular audience; avoided by buddhists | 71 | |
| 10940430821 | stupa | Buddhist shrine that is shaped like a dome or mound | 72 | |
| 10940439794 | Boddhisatva | A enlightened being who put off nirvana to come back and help others become enlightened. | 73 | |
| 10940442825 | Bhagavad Gita | The most important work of Indian sacred literature, a dialogue between the great warrior Arjuna and the god Krishna on duty and the fate of the spirit; best illustrates both the expecta- tions that Hinduism made of individuals and the promise of salvation that it held out to them. | 74 | |
| 10940459787 | Mahabharata | the longest single poem in the world, about a war fought between two branches of the same family. One of India's greatest epics written between 1000 and 700 BC | 75 | |
| 10940475045 | Pericles | Athenian leader noted for advancing democracy in Athens and for ordering the construction of the Parthenon. | 76 | |
| 10940490248 | Alexander the Great | King of Macedonia who conquered Greece, Egypt, and Persia | 77 | |
| 10940498976 | Socrates | (470-399 BCE) An Athenian philosopher who thought that human beings could lead honest lives and that honor was far more important than wealth, fame, or other superficial attributes. | 78 | |
| 10940498978 | Plato | (430-347 BCE) Was a disciple of Socrates whose cornerstone of thought was his theory of Forms, in which there was another world of perfection. | 79 | |
| 10940501923 | Aristotle | (384-322 B.C.E.) A Greek Philosopher, taught Alexander the Great, started a famous school, studied with Plato | 80 | |
| 10940521272 | Zeus | King of the gods, god of the sky | 81 | |
| 10940537301 | Iliad and Odyssey | Greek epic poems attributed to Homer; defined relations of gods and humans that shaped Greek mythology. | 82 | |
| 10940541807 | polis | A city-state in ancient Greece. | 83 | |
| 10940541808 | tyrant | a cruel and oppressive ruler | 84 | |
| 10940546767 | helots | enslaved people in ancient Sparta | 85 | |
| 10940550331 | Persian Wars | A series of wars between the Greeks (mainly Athens) and the Persians in which the Greeks were usually victorious. | 86 | |
| 10940550353 | Hellenistic | Of or influenced by the Greek Empire. A type of culture typically referred to after the conquests of Alexander the Great. | 87 | |
| 10940554763 | Olympic Games | in ancient Greece, an athletic competition held every four years in honor of Zeus | 88 | |
| 10940557435 | Battle of Marathon (490 BC) | King Xerxes (son of Darius) sends army to take over all of Greece out of anger | 89 | |
| 10940560972 | Peloponnesian War | (431-404 BCE) The war between Athens and Sparta that in which Sparta won, but left Greece as a whole weak and ready to fall to its neighbors to the north. | 90 | |
| 10940566325 | Romulus and Remus | Traditional story of how Rome began. Twins abandoned and rescued by a wolf, raised by a shepherd . Grew to build Rome. Romulus later killed Remus | 91 | |
| 10940566326 | the Sentate | A group of 300 men elected to govern Rome in the Roman Republic. | 92 | |
| 10940569777 | Julius Caesar | 100-44 B.C. Roman general who became the republic's dictator in 45 B.C. | 93 | |
| 10940577395 | Octavian/Augustus | Caesar's adopted son who defeated Mark Anthony for title of ruler of Rome after Caesar's death | 94 | |
| 10940577397 | Spartacus | A Roman gladiator who led the most serious slave revolt in Roman history from 73 to 71 B.C.E.). | 95 | |
| 10940580284 | Jupiter | The king of the gods, and the son of Saturn. While the gods often struggle against one another in battles of will, Jupiter's will reigns supreme and becomes identified with the more impersonal force of fate. Therefore, Jupiter (also known as Jove, and called Zeus in Greek mythology) directs the general progress of Aeneas's destiny, ensuring that Aeneas is never permanently thrown off his course toward Italy. Jupiter's demeanor is controlled and levelheaded compared to the volatility of Juno and Venus. | 96 | |
| 10940601764 | Jesus of Nazareth | a teacher and prophet born in bethlehem and active in nazareth; his life and sermons form the basis for Christianity | 97 | |
| 10940606202 | Paul of Tarsus | A Jew from Asia Minor that played the most influential role in the spread of Christianity. Paul never met Jesus but he had a vision one day of speaking to him. | 98 | |
| 10940606223 | dictator | A ruler who has complete power over a country | 99 | |
| 10940610567 | consul | An elected official who led the Roman Republic | 100 | |
| 10940613408 | patricians | The wealthy, hereditary aristocrats during the Roman era. | 101 | |
| 10940613409 | plebeians | the common people of ancient Rome | 102 | |
| 10940616137 | tribunes | An officer of ancient Rome elected by the plebeians to protect their rights from arbitrary acts of the patrician magistrates. | 103 | |
| 10940620246 | Carthage | City located in present-day Tunisia, founded by Phoenicians ca. 800 B.C.E. It became a major commercial center and naval power in the western Mediterranean until defeated by the expanding Roman Republic in the third century B.C.E. | 104 | |
| 10940636991 | Punic Wars | A series of three wars between Rome and Carthage (264-146 B.C.); resulted in the destruction of Carthage and Rome's dominance over the western Mediterranean. | 105 | |
| 10940636992 | latifundia | huge estates bought up by newly wealthy Roman citizens | 106 | |
| 10940640167 | Twelve Tables | Rome's first code of laws; adopted in 450 B.C. | 107 | |
| 10940643878 | Pax Romana | Roman Peace | 108 | |
| 10940643879 | manumission | A grant of legal freedom to an individual slave. | 109 | |
| 10940646896 | Nestorians | A Christian sect found in Asia; tended to support Islamic invasions of this area in preference to Byzantine rule; cut off from Europe by Muslim invasions | 110 | |
| 10940657932 | Diocletian | Roman emperor who divided the empire into a West and an East section. | 111 | |
| 10940673016 | Attila the Hun | 405-453, was the Emperor of the Huns from 434 until his death in 453. He was leader of the Hunnic Empire which stretched from Germany to the Ural River and from the River Danube to the Baltic Sea | 112 | |
| 10940685962 | Alaric | king of the Visigoths who captured Rome in 410 (370-410) | 113 | |
| 10940685963 | Constantine | Emperor of Rome who adopted the Christian faith and stopped the persecution of Christians (280-337) | 114 | |
| 10940700619 | Theodosius | Emperor of the Roman Empire who made Christianity the official religion of the empire. | 115 | |
| 10940700620 | St. Augustine | early christian leader who writes the book City of God that instructs how Christians are to be | 116 | |
| 10940703983 | monsoons | seasonal wind patterns that cause wet and dry seasons | 117 | |
| 10940724258 | rajas | leaders of ancient cities in India | 118 | |
| 10940733281 | epidemic | A widespread outbreak of an infectious disease. | 119 | |
| 10940736049 | sino | 120 | ||
| 10940743348 | Barracks Emperors | Series of Roman generals who seized the throne between 235 and 284 C.E. | 121 | |
| 10940748856 | tetrarch | the governor of one of four divisions of a province in the Roman Empire | 122 | |
| 10940752873 | Germanic Tribes | Nomadic groups that invaded the Roman Empire from the North and East. They caused the fall of Rome. ex: Huns, Lombards | 123 | |
| 10940756281 | Edict of Milan | 313 CE Constantine makes Christianity the primary religion of the Roman Empire | 124 | |
| 10940764786 | The City of God | Augustine's book about the fall of the Roman Empire | 125 | |
| 10940764787 | Council of Nicaea | (325 CE) A council called by Constantine to agree upon correct Christian doctrine and settle some disputes of the time. | 126 | |
| 10940793071 | sino | synonym for Chinese | 127 |
