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| 3079277785 | Knossos | an ancient Minoan city on the island of Crete, decorated with vivid frescoes depicting Minoans at work and play |  | 0 |
| 3079277786 | Mycenaean Society | Beginning about 2200 B.C.E migratory Indo- European peoples filtered over the Balkans and into the Greek peninsula. By 1600 B.C.E they had begun to trade with Minoan merchants and visit Crete, where they learned about writing and large-scale construction. |  | 1 |
| 3079358787 | Decline of Minoan Society | Decline of Minoan Society 1700 BCE, experienced series of earthquakes, volcano eruptions, tidal wave, and invaders |  | 2 |
| 3079277787 | Polis | Greek word for "city-state" |  | 3 |
| 3079277788 | Sparta | A city in Greece situated in a fertile region of the Populousness. As their population and economy expanded during the eighth and seventh centuries B.C.E. |  | 4 |
| 3079277789 | Spartan Society | A lifestyle characterized by simplicity, frugality, and austerity |  | 5 |
| 3079277790 | Athens | The center of Greek civilization for some 4,000 years. The capital of modern Greece, it's still dominated by 5th-century-B.C.E. landmarks, including the Acropolis, a hilltop citadel topped with ancient buildings such as the colonnaded Parthenon temple. But it's also a contemporary city, and it's not uncommon for the nightlife hubs of Kolonaki, Psiri and Gazi to stay busy until dawn. |  | 6 |
| 3079277791 | Athenian society | An increasing volume of Maritime trade brought prosperity to Attica, the region around Athens. The principal beneficiaries of this prosperity were aristocratic landowners, who also controlled the Athenian government. |  | 7 |
| 3079277792 | Pericles | Athenian leader noted for advancing democracy in Athens and for ordering the construction of the Parthenon. |  | 8 |
| 3079277793 | Greek colonies | In the eastern Mediterranean and the Black Sea. Hundreds of islands in the Aegan Sea beckoned to a maritime people such as the Greeks. |  | 9 |
| 3079277794 | Persian war | A series of wars between the Greeks and the Persians in which the Greeks were usually victorious. |  | 10 |
| 3079277795 | Delian League | an alliance to discourage further Persian actions in Greece. Because of its superior fleet , Athens became the leader of the alliance. |  | 11 |
| 3079277796 | Peloponnesian war | Tensions resulted in a bitter and destructive civil conflict. Both in peninsular Greece and throughout the larger Greek world, poleis divided into two armed camps under the leadership of Athens and Sparta. |  | 12 |
| 3079277797 | Hellenistic era | Period when the Greek language and Greek ideas spread to the non-Greek peoples of southwest Asia |  | 13 |
| 3079277798 | Antigonid empire | Empire in Greece and Macedon proceeding Alexander the Great |  | 14 |
| 3079277799 | Essenes | A group of pious, ultraconservative Jews who left the Temple of Jerusalem and began a community by the Dead Sea, known as Qumran. |  | 15 |
| 3079277800 | Alexandria | City on the Mediterranean coast of Egypt founded by Alexander. It became the capital of the Hellenistic kingdom of Ptolemy. It contained the famous Library and the Museum and was a center for leading scientific and literary figures in the classical and post classical eras. |  | 16 |
| 3079277801 | Seleucid empire | The empire in Syria, Persia, and Bactria after the breakup of Alexander's empire. |  | 17 |
| 3079839559 | Slavery | Slavery was a prominent means of mobilizing labor. Greeks entered slavery because the couldn't pay their debts. Greek law regarded all slaves as the private chattel property of their owners, and the conditions of slaves' lives depended on the needs and the temperament of their owners. |  | 18 |
| 3079277802 | Cult of isis | The cult of Isis was centered around the Egyptian deities Isis and Osiris. The central image of the cult concerned the myth of the death and rebirth of Osiris. In this myth, Osiris' brother Seth (god of death and punishment) was envious of Osiris' rulership of Egypt and the Nile and murdered him, cutting him into many pieces. Osiris' wife Isis then gathered the pieces together and took them into herself and gave birth to Osiris, resurrecting him. Became a significant cult of the Greeks in Egypt. |  | 19 |
| 3079277803 | Trade | By 1750 there were states on the rise (like European empires) and declining states (like the Ottomans and Muguls). This occurred because of change in global patterns |  | 20 |
| 3079277804 | Olympic games | An athletic competition held every four years in honor of Zeus |  | 21 |
| 3079277805 | Patriarchal society | Male family heads ruled their households, and fathers even had the right to decide whether or not to keep infants born to their wives. Greek women fell under the authority of their fathers, husbands, or sons. |  | 22 |
| 3079277806 | Sappho | One of the greatest poets in Greece; her poetry developed the complexities of the inner workings of human beings and love. |  | 23 |
| 3079277808 | Socrates | An Athenian philosopher who thought that human beings could lead honest lives and that honor was far more important than wealth, fame, or other superficial attributes. |  | 24 |
| 3079277809 | plato | A disciple of Socrates whose cornerstone of thought was his theory of Forms, in which there was another world of perfection. |  | 25 |
| 3079277810 | Aristotle | A Greek Philosopher who taught Alexander the Great, started a famous school, studied with Plato |  | 26 |
| 3079277811 | Greek Deities | The Greeks recognized a number of gods that originally came out of elements such as sun,wind, and rain. They believed that the Earth was the creator of all things. |  | 27 |
| 3079277812 | Religious cults | Religious cults contributed to a powerful sense of community in classical Greece. Many of the cults conducted ritual observances that were open only to initiates. |  | 28 |
| 3079277813 | Tragic drama | Dionysus' cult set the stage for the emergence of Greek dramatic literature as dramatists composed plays for presentation at annual theatrical festivals. |  | 29 |
| 3079277814 | Romulus | The founder of Rome |  | 30 |
| 3079277815 | Remus | The twin brother of Romulus | | 31 |
| 3079277816 | Kingdom of rome | Rome was a monarchy during the early days after its foundation. The Kings ruled Rome through the seventh and sixth centuries B.C.E., and they provided the city with paved streets, public buildings, walls, and large temples |  | 32 |
| 3079277817 | Etruscans | Dynamic people who dominated much of Italy between the eighth and fifth centuries B.C.E. |  | 33 |
| 3079277818 | Punic wars | To punish the Athenians and forestall future interference in Persian affairs, Darius then mounted a campaign against peninsular Greece. In 490 B.C.E he an army and a fleet of ships to attack Athens. |  | 34 |
| 3079277820 | Civil war | Marius marched on Rome, placed the city under military occupation, and hunted down his political enemies. In 83 B.C.E. Sulla seized Rome and initiated a grisly slaughter of his enemies. |  | 35 |
| 3079277821 | Augustus | Restored order and prosperity to the Empire after nearly a century of turmoil. Grandnephew to Julius Caesar. |  | 36 |
| 3079277822 | Roman Roads | allowed for better military transportation and facilitated trade throughout their empire. Cities grew larger and more powerful. |  | 37 |
| 3079277823 | Roman Laws | Twelve Tables are the basis of roman lives |  | 38 |
| 3079277824 | City of Rome | the city looked wealthy and impressive but living conditions for most Romans were miserable |  | 39 |
| 3079277825 | Mediterranean trade | Traded olive oil and wine around the Mediterranean, returning with abundant supplies of grain and other items. Grain came from Egypt, Sicily, and southern Russia, timber and pitch from Macedon, and tin from Anatolia. |  | 40 |
| 3079277826 | Pater familias | "father of the family"; this was generally the eldest man of the house, and he ruled the household; he'd decide marriage for the kids, and what job they would do and he could punish them too; he could even sell them to slavery |  | 41 |
| 3079277827 | Slavery | Slavery was a prominent means of mobilizing labor. Greeks entered slavery because the couldn't pay their debts. Greek law regarded all slaves as the private chattel property of their owners, and the conditions of slaves' lives depended on the needs and the temperament of their owners. | | 42 |
| 3079277828 | Wealth | The wealthy had the most influence on politics |  | 43 |
| 3079277829 | Social change | The way in which society has changed and is changing (and also the possibilities for future change) |  | 44 |
| 3079277830 | Roman Deities | Passed down from the Greeks and renamed. |  | 45 |
| 3079277831 | Greek influence | Greece was influenced by Alexander the great |  | 46 |
| 3079277832 | Cicero | famous Roman orator |  | 47 |
| 3079277833 | Stoicism | An ancient Greek philosophy that became popular amongst many notable Romans. Emphasis on ethics. They considered destructive emotions to be the result of errors in judgment, and that a wise person would repress emotions, especially negative ones and that "virtue is sufficient for happiness." They were also concerned with the conflict between free will and determinism. They were also non-dualist and naturalists. |  | 48 |
| 3079277834 | Mithraism | Cult honoring the bull adopted by Roman soldiers |  | 49 |
