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AP World History Unit 4 1750- 1914 Flashcards

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23771052cash cropsany crop that is considered easily marketable.0
23771053coerced labor systemsa system where the workers were forced to work based on threats, pressure, or intimidation.1
24047289colonialismexploitation by a stronger country of weaker one; the use of the weaker country's resources to strengthen and enrich the stronger country.2
24047290concessions in coloniesColonies yielding the argument against them. conceding for the imperialists3
24047291diasporasany religious group living as a minority among people of the prevailing religion; the scattering of the Jews to countries outside of Palestine after the Babylonian captivity.4
24047292"effective occupation"The Berlin Conference of 1884-1885 sought to regulate the competition between the powers by defining "effective occupation" as the criterion for international recognition of territorial claims.5
24047293epidemic diseaseany infectious disease that develops and spreads rapidly to many people.6
24047294extraterriorialityprivilege of immunity from local law enforcement enjoyed by certain aliens. Although physically present upon the territory of a foreign nation, those aliens possessing extraterritoriality are considered by customary international law or treaty to be under the legal jurisdiction of their home country.7
24047295feudalthe social and economic arrangement under which people are paid for protection and farming privleges by giving goods and services to an overlord.8
24047296ideologythe body of doctrine, myth, belief, etc., that guides an individual, social movement, institution, class, or large group.9
24048229imperialcharacterizing the rule or authority of a sovereign state over its dependencies.10
24048230imperialismthe policy of extending the rule or authority of an empire or nation over foreign countries, or of acquiring and holding colonies and dependencies.11
24048231indentured servantsagreed to work for a certain period of time to pay off a debt of some kind or for exchange of travel expenses.12
24048232industrializationthe development of industry on an extensive scale.13
24048233labor unionOrganization of workers for the purpose of increased lobbying power for benefits and wages14
24051557laissez- faire capitalismthe idea that the economy could run itself w/o influence from the government.15
24051558liberalisma broad class of political philosophies that considers individual liberty and equality to be the most important political goals.16
24051559manumissionthe act of freeing slaves, done at the will of the owner.17
24051560marxismis the political philosophy and practice derived from the work of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. Marxism holds at its core a critical analysis of capitalism and a theory of social change.18
24051561mercantilisman economic theory that holds that the prosperity of a nation is dependent upon its supply of capital, and that the global volume of international trade is "unchangeable".19
24052387middle classthe group of people in contemporary society who are between the working class and upper class.20
24052388missionariesa person sent by a church to spread their religion and help others.21
24052389modernizationto make modern; give a new or modern character or appearance to.22
24052390monopolyexclusive control of a commodity or service in a particular market, or a control that makes possible the manipulation of prices.23
24052391nation- statea sovereign state inhabited by a relatively homogeneous group of people who share a feeling of common nationality.24
24052392natural rightsany right that exists by virtue of natural law.25
24052393patriarchya form of social organization in which the father is the supreme authority in the family, clan, or tribe and descent is reckoned in the male line.26
24052394joint- stock companiespartnership between two companies.27
24052395political reformswhen someone or a group of people tries to change political policies in order to make them better.28
24052396revolutionan overthrow or repudiation and the thorough replacement of an established government or political system by the people governed.29
24052397sanitation systemssystem designed to protect public health.30
24052886sepoys(formerly, in India) a native soldier, usually an infantryman, in the service of Europeans, esp. of the British.31
24052887social darwinism"survival of the fittest" - the idea that only the strong survive.32
24052888socialisma theory or system of social organization that advocates the vesting of the ownership and control of the means of production and distribution, of capital, land, etc., in the community as a whole.33
24052889sovereigntythe status, dominion, power, or authority of a sovereign; royalty.34
24052890suffragethe right to vote, esp. in a political election.35
24052891syncretismthe attempted reconciliation or union of different or opposing principles, practices, or parties, as in philosophy or religion.36
24052892tax revenuegovernment income due to taxation.37
24052893victorianof or pertaining to Queen Victoria or the period of her reign.38
24053312free- trade imperialismtrading with colonies w/o having to pay tax and getting things cheaper.39
24053313humanitarian valuesvalues that promote better conditions for people throughout the world.40

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