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AP WORLD HISTORY UNIT 4 Flashcards

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9952411782Zheng HeVoyaged on the Indian Ocean 1405-14330
9952418664Emperor YongleThe Yongle Emperor — personal name Zhu Di — was the third emperor of the Ming dynasty in China, reigning from 1402 to 1424. Zhu Di was the fourth son of the Hongwu Emperor, the founder of the Ming dynasty1
9952427402RenaissanceA time of ideas and spread of technology. There was a lot of competition between city-states.2
9952342601Colombian Exchangewidespread transfer of plants, animals, culture, human populations, technology, and ideas between the Americas and the Old World3
9952436806Vasco de GamaA Portuguese explorer and the first European to reach India by sea. - sailed from Lisbon in 1497 on a mission to reach India and open a sea route from Europe to the East. De Gama received a hero's welcome back in Portugal, and was sent on a second expedition to India in 15024
9952465645Turksa member of any of the ancient central Asian peoples who spoke Turkic languages, including the Seljuks and Ottomans. Comes from Ottoman5
9952473464Sonni Ali- He reigned from about 1464 to 1492. Sunni Ali was the first king of the Songhai Empire, located in Africa and the 15th ruler of the Sonni dynasty. - expanded a small kingdom along the Niger River into one of medieval Africa's greatest empires.6
9952477007Mughals- a member of the Muslim dynasty of Mongol - origin founded by the successors of Tamerlane, which ruled much of India from the 16th to the 19th century. - The Mughal Empire or Mogul Empire was an empire in the Indian subcontinent, founded in 1526. It was established and ruled by a Muslim dynasty with Turco-Mongol Chagatai roots from Central Asia. They were a gunpowder empre united much of India7
9952480325MalaccaState in Malaysia, on the SW Malay Peninsula: formerly a part of the British Straits Settlements and of the Federation of Malaya. 640 sq. mi. (1658 sq. km). A seaport in and the capital of this state. A strait between Sumatra and the Malay Peninsula.8
9952486945Triple AllianceTriple Alliance, secret agreement between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy formed in May 1882 and renewed periodically until World War I.9
9952490504PochtecaProfessional, long-distance traveling merchants in the Aztec Empire. They were a small, but important class as they not only facilitated commerce, but also communicated vital information across the empire and beyond its borders.10
9952494492MitaA system in which the crown allowed elite colonists to recruit the native people into forced labor ( the Repartimiento in the Incan Empire)11
9952342603EncomiendaEncommienda was a labor system in Spain and its empire. It rewarded conquerors with the labor of particular groups of subject people. It was first established in Spain during the Roman period, but used also following the Christian conquest of Muslim territories12
9952342604Repartimientocolonial forced labor system imposed upon the indigenous population of Spanish America and the Philippines. In concept it was similar to other tribute-labor systems, such as the mita of the Inca Empire13
9952342606peninsularesSpaniard's born in Spain14
9952342605HaciendaThis system once dictated the use and ownership of ranches, plantations, other commercial estates throughout the Spanish Colonial world. The Spanish crown gave land to the conquistadors for their work colonizing.15
9952342607CreolesSpaniard's born in Americans16
9952342608Mestizos and MestizasIndian and Spaniard17
9952342609castassystem of race classification in Hispanic America, race based hierarchy18
9952342602Mercantilismnational economic policy designed to maximize the trade of a nation and, historically, to maximize the accumulation of gold and silver.19
9952342610Catherine the Greatempress of Russia from 1762 to 1796 the country's longest-ruling female leader expanded the empire and open to Enlightenment ideals, supported Western ideals Roughly two-thirds of Poland were annexed to the Russian border in pieces in 1772, 1793 and 1795.20
9952342611Peter the Greatruled the Tsardom of Russia and later the Russian Empire from 7 May 168221
9952342612Treaty of Nerchinskpeace settlement between Russia and the Manchu Chinese empire that checked Russia's eastward expansion by removing its outposts from the Amur River basin.22
9952342613Akbarthird Mughal emperor, who reigned from 1556 to 160523
9952342614Aurangzebsixth Mughal emperor. His reign lasted for 49 years from 1658 until his death in 170724
9952342615devshirmesultan would collect Christian boys from the Balkans and turn them into his slaves.25
9952342616Trading Post Empireestablishment where the trading of goods took place;26
9952342617Cartaznaval trade license or pass issued by the Portuguese in the Indian ocean during the sixteenth century27
9952342618British East India Company EICan English and later British formed to pursue trade in the West Indies28
9952342619Dutch and India Company (VOC)founded in 1621 mainly to carry on economic warfare against Spain and Portugal by striking at their colonies in the West Indies and South America and on the west coast of Africa.29
9952342620Tokugawa Shogunatewas the last feudal Japanese military government, which existed between 1600 and 1868. The head of government was the shogun, and each was a member of the Tokugawa clan30
9952342621Manilathe capital of the Philippines, In the late 16th century Manila was a walled Muslim settlement whose ruler levied customs duties on all commerce passing up the Pasig River.31
9952342622Potosia mountain and working silver mine south of the city32
9952342623Middle Passagethe sea journey undertaken by slave ships from West Africa to the West Indies.33
9952342624African disaporarefers to the communities throughout the world that have resulted by descent from the movement in historic times of peoples from Africa34
9952342625Origin of the Word "slave"comes from slavic35
9952342626Cowie shellsChinese currency36
9952342627Queen Nzinga17th-century queen of the Ndongo and Matamba Kingdoms of the Mbundu people in Angola, she fought off the Portuguese from invading Angola and was a cross-dresser37
9952342628Suleiman DialloMuslim who was a victim of the Atlantic slave trade.38
9952342629Martin LutherGerman, and wrote the Ninety Five Theses and nailed it on to the door of the Wittenberg Castle church.39
9952342630Huguenotsis a group of French Protestants who follow the Reformed tradition40
9952342631Peace of Westphaliawas a series of peace treaties effectively ending the European wars of religion41
9952342632Council of Trentan ecumenical council of the Catholic Church. Prompted by the Protestant Reformation. They meet on the Catholic side and the rules and practices they are going to have in their church restoration of what they belive argument is settled.42
9952342633Society of Jesusscholarly religious congregation of the Catholic Church which originated in sixteenth-century Spain.43
9952342634Taki Onqoy movementwas a millenarian indigenous movement of political, religious and cultural dimensions which arose in the Peruvian Andes during the 16th century44
9952342635Virigin of Guadalupea Catholic title of the Blessed Virgin Mar45
9952342636Matteo Riccian Italian Jesuit priest and one of the founding figures of the Jesuit China missions.46
9952342637Muhammad Ibn Abd al-Wahhaba religious leader and theologian from Najd in central Arabia who founded the movement now called Wahhabism47
9952342638Muhhammad Ibn Saudhe founder of the First Saudi State and the Saud dynasty,48
9952342639Kaozhenga school and approach to study and research in China from about 1600 to 1850.49
9952342640Bhakti movementtheistic devotional trend that emerged in medieval Hinduism50
9952736005Scientific RevolutionThe Scientific Revolution was a series of events that marked the emergence of modern science during the early modern period, when developments in mathematics, physics, astronomy, biology (including human anatomy) and chemistry transformed the views of society about nature.51
9952736006Copernicus, Kepler, Galileo, NewtonCopernicus-heliocentric solar system and laws of planetary motion Kepler- laws of planetary motion Galileo- telescope discoveries Newton- Laws of Motion52
9952737884EnlightenmentEuropean intellectual movement of the late 17th and 18th centuries emphasizing reason and individualism rather than tradition. It was heavily influenced by 17th-century philosophers53
9952742480"Dutch Learning in Japan"concerted effort by Japanese scholars during the late Tokugawa period (late 18th-19th century) to learn the Dutch language so as to be able to learn Western scientific learning and study their technology54

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