AP Notes, Outlines, Study Guides, Vocabulary, Practice Exams and more!

AP World History Unit 4 Terms Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
5766682164Absolute monarchA system of government in which the head of state is a hereditary position and the king or queen has almost complete power0
5766682165Age of ReasonAn era during which rational thought is prominent or esteemed, especially the Enlightenment in western Europe1
5766682166Agrarianof or relating to cultivated land or the cultivation of land.2
5766682167Akbarson and successor of Humayn; built up military and administrative structure of dynasty; followed policies of cooperation and toleration with the Hindu majority3
5766682168AtheistsPeople who deny the existence of God4
5766682169Bataviaan ancient name for a region of Holland5
5766682170CapitalismAn economic system based on private ownership of capital6
5766682171Cash cropa crop produced for its commercial value rather than for use by the grower.7
5766682172Circumnavigatesail all the way around (something, especially the world)8
5766682173ColonizationOne country taking over another area to be used for their benefit9
5766682174Columbian Exchangea period of cultural and biological exchanges between the New and Old Worlds10
5766682175CommerceOne country taking over another area to be used for their benefit11
5766682176CommercialOne country taking over another area to be used for their benefit12
5766682177Commonwealtha political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them13
5766682178Conventa Christian community under monastic vows, especially one of nuns14
5766682179Counter Reformationthe period of Catholic resurgence initiated in response to the Protestant Reformation15
5766682180Deistsbelief in the existence of a supreme being, specifically of a creator who does not intervene in the universe16
5766682181Demographythe study of statistics such as births, deaths, income, or the incidence of disease, which illustrate the changing structure of human population17
5766682182Divineof, from, or like God or a god18
5766682183Divine rightdoctrine that kings and queens have a God-given right to rule and that rebellion against them is a sin19
5766682184Dutch East India Companya chartered company in 1602, when the Dutch government granted it a 21-year monopoly on Dutch spice trade20
5766682185Eastern Orthodoxthe Eastern churches that form a loose federation according primacy of honor to the patriarch of Constantinople21
5766682186Economythe wealth and resources of a country or region, especially in terms of the production and consumption of goods and services22
5766682187Edict of Fountainbleuan edict issued by Louis XIV of France, granted the Huguenots the right to practice their religion without persecution from the state.23
5766682188Edict of Nantesgranted the Huguenots substantial rights in the France, which was still considered essentially Catholic at the time24
5766682189Elizabeth Ireestablished Protestantism in England, defeated the Spanish Armada and achieved domestic and literary prosperity25
5766682190Encomienda Systemlegal system by which the Spanish crown attempted to define the status of the Indian population in its American colonies26
5766682191English Bill of Rightsa British Law that declared the rights and liberties of the people following the Glorious Revolution27
5766682192English Commonwealtha political community founded for the common good28
5766682193European Explorationone of the most important periods of geographical exploration in human history29
5766682194Floating Empireswhen the Portuguese and Spanish armadas set out to sea30
5766682195GoaA state of southwestern India; a former Portuguese colony31
5766682196Hacienda Systema Spanish word for an estate32
5766682197Hapsburgsa German princely family, from 1440 to 1806, the Hapsburgs wore the imperial crown of the Holy Roman Empire33
5766682198Hedonismthe pursuit of pleasure; sensual self-indulgence34
5766682199Heliocentric Theoryworld revolves around the sun35
5766682200Henry VIIIA king of England in the early sixteenth century, established himself as head of the Christian Church36
5766682201Holy Roman Empirepolitical institution in Europe that lasted from the ninth to the nineteenth centuries, loosely organized and modeled somewhat on the ancient Roman Empire37
5766682202Huguenotsa French Protestant of the 16th-17th centuries38
5766682203Humanisma Renaissance cultural movement that turned away from medieval scholasticism and revived interest in ancient Greek and Roman thought39
5766682204IndulgencesPaid remission of sin sold by the catholic church40
5766682205Inquisitionan ecclesiastical tribunal established for the suppression of heresy (like Protestantism)41
5766682206Institutiona society or organization founded for a religious, educational, social, or similar purpose42
5766682207Janissary Corpsan elite corps of Turkish troops43
5766682208Jesuit Ordera Roman Catholic order founded to defend Catholicism against the Reformation and to do missionary work among the heathen44
5766682209John CalvinFrench theologian and reformer in Switzerland: leader in the Protestant Reformation45
5766682210Jurisdictionthe extent of the power to make legal decisions and judgments46
5766682211Law of Heavenly Bodiesheavenly bodies were in constant rotation47
5766682212Left-wingthose who support varying degrees of social or political or economic change designed to promote the public welfare48
5766682213Louis XIVabsolute monarch that built up France's internal strength (finance and military) strengthened army, connected France through trade, catholic49
5766682214Manchu (Qing)the last imperial dynasty of China (from 1644 to 1912) which was overthrown by revolutionaries50
5766682215Martin LutherGerman theologian who led the Reformation- believed that salvation is granted on the basis of faith rather than deeds51
5766682216Mercantilisman economic system to increase a nation's wealth by government regulation of all of the nation's commercial interests52
5766682217Monarchya form of government with a monarch at the head53
5766682218Monasticrelated to monks or monasteries; removed from worldly concerns54
5766682219Monka religious man living in a cloister and devoting himself to contemplation and prayer and work55
5766682220MonopolyExclusive control of a commodity or service in a particular market, or a control that makes possible the manipulation of prices56
5766682221Monotheismthe doctrine or belief that there is only one God57
5766682222Moralityconcern with the distinction between good and evil or right and wrong58
5766682223Nuna female who dedicates her life to God; avoids the things of the world59
5766682224Papacy/papalthe government of the Roman Catholic Church60
5766682225Parliamenta legislative assembly in certain countries (e.g., Great Britain)61
5766682226Patriarchthe male head of a family or tribe62
5766682227Peter the Greatruled Russia from 1682 to 1725, wanted closer ties to western Europe, modernize and strengthen Russia63
5766682228Philip IIsupported the Counter Reformation and sent the Spanish Armada to invade England, a intolerant, Catholic king.64
5766682229Popethe head of the Roman Catholic Church65
5766682230Potosi Silver Minea silver mine in Potosí, Bolivia- people involved got very rich- during 16th century Spain66
5766682231Printing Pressinvented by Johann Gutenberg in 1454; changed private and public lives of Europeans67
5766682232Protestant Reformationa religious movement of the 16th century that began as an attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church and resulted creation of Protestant churches68
5766682233Renaissancegreat period of rebirth in art, literature, and learning in the 14th-16th centuries, marked the transition into the modern periods of European history69
5766682234Revolutiona drastic and far-reaching change in ways of thinking and behaving70
5766682235Right-wingthose who support political or social or economic conservatism; those who believe that things are better left unchanged71
5766682236Roman Catholic Churchthe Christian Church based in the Vatican and presided over by a pope and an episcopal hierarchy72
5766682237Salvationthe act of delivering from sin or saving from evil73
5766682238Sanctionedformally approved and invested with legal authority; conforming with orthodox values74
5766682239Satirewitty language used to convey insults or scorn75
5766682240Scientific Methoda series of steps followed to solve problems, including collecting data, formulating a hypothesis, testing the hypothesis, and stating conclusions76
5766682241Scientific Revolutionan era between 16th and 18th centuries when scientists began doing research in a new way using the scientific method77
5766682242Shoguna hereditary military dictator of Japan78
5766682243Single Whip Systemimposed by Chief Grand Secretary Zhang Juzheng ordered that all land taxes in China must be paid in silver. This reform monetized the Chinese tax system.79
5766682244Straits of Malaccawell-traveled stretch of water between Malaysia and Indonesia used for trade along the Spice Route80
5766682245Subsistencethe action or fact of maintaining or supporting oneself at a minimum level; the state of remaining in force or effect81
5766682246Suleiman the Magnificentmost illustrious sultan of the Ottoman Empire, significantly expanded the empire in the Balkans and eastern Mediterranean.82
5766682247The Vaticanan assembly of all the bishops of the Roman Catholic Church83
5766682248Thirty Years Warseries of European wars that were partially a Catholic-Protestant religious conflict, France vs Hapsburg rulers of holy Roman Empire84
5766682249Tokugawa Bakufu Systemfeudal regime of Japan established by Tokugawa Ieyasu and ruled by the shoguns of the Tokugawa family, edo period85
5766682250Treaty of WestphaliaEnded Thirty Years War in 1648; granted right to individual rulers within the Holy Roman Empire to choose their own religion-either Protestant or Catholic86
5766682251Urbanizationbecoming more like a city87
5766682252Utopiancharacterized by or aspiring to impracticable perfection88
5766682253Vassalsa holder of land by feudal tenure on conditions of homage and allegiance89
5766682254Venerateto honor, admire, and regard with respect (esp. a Saint)90
5766682255Vernacularbeing or characteristic of or appropriate to everyday language91
5766682256Zheng HeAn imperial eunuch, Muslim, entrusted by the Ming, took his gigantic ships through the Indian Ocean, from Southeast Asia to Africa.92

Need Help?

We hope your visit has been a productive one. If you're having any problems, or would like to give some feedback, we'd love to hear from you.

For general help, questions, and suggestions, try our dedicated support forums.

If you need to contact the Course-Notes.Org web experience team, please use our contact form.

Need Notes?

While we strive to provide the most comprehensive notes for as many high school textbooks as possible, there are certainly going to be some that we miss. Drop us a note and let us know which textbooks you need. Be sure to include which edition of the textbook you are using! If we see enough demand, we'll do whatever we can to get those notes up on the site for you!