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| 691876575 | Popular sovereignty | The notion that legitimate political authority resides not in kings, but in the people who make up a society | |
| 691876576 | John Locke | An English philosopher who thought people gave political rights to their leaders but kept their rights to live, liberty, and property. He also thought people had the right to get rid of a bad leader and rulers got people from the people. | |
| 691876577 | Voltaire | Believed in ending censorship and personal freedoms | |
| 691876578 | Jean-Jacques Rousseau | Called for equality, a philosopher | |
| 691876579 | Haitian Revolution | Caused by brutal slave conditions and inspired by America and France. Gens de couleur, slaves, armies, and toussaints all participated. They wanted freedom for slaves and equality. They became the Independent Republic of Haiti after a war w/ Napoleon. | |
| 691876580 | Gens de couleur | Free people of color | |
| 691876581 | Toussaint Louverture | The leader of the Haitian revolution. Literate son of slaves who rose to the position of livestock overseer and was freed. | |
| 691876582 | Boukman | A voodoo priest who organized a revolt and ceremony in the jungle. | |
| 691876583 | Mexican Independence | Peasant rebellion in Mexico led by a parish priest, Miguel de Hidalgo who rallied indigenous peoples and mestizos against colonial rule. First had emperor, then republic. | |
| 691876584 | Simón Bolícar | Led independence movement in South America. | |
| 691876585 | Creoles | individuals born in the Americas of Spanish or Portuguese ancestry who resented Iberian powers, sought to get rid of peninsulares. They benefitted the most, there was little social change. | |
| 691876586 | Brazilian Independence | The regent of the king who fled gave Brazil their independence. Became Emperor Pedro I in the independent Brazil | |
| 691876587 | Conservatism | A resistance to change | |
| 691876588 | Edmund Burke | viewed society as an organism that changed slowly over time | |
| 691876589 | Liberalism | welcomed change as an agent of progress | |
| 691876590 | John Stuart Mill | championed individual freedom and minority rights | |
| 691876591 | Enlightenment ideals and women | Equality was not extended to women. In France they gained some rights but those were taken away. Women were expected to work in factories and also care for children and stay home. Also were domestic servants. | |
| 691876592 | Coal | Shift from coal to wood because of deposits in Britain. | |
| 691876593 | Cotton | Demand for cheap cotton spurred many developments in the industry such as the water driven power loom. | |
| 691876594 | Steam Engine & Steamships | Invented by John Watts. Burned coal. Increased productivity. Transportation improved as well. | |
| 691876595 | Iron and Steel | Important | |
| 691876596 | The factory system | Factory system required division of labor; each worker performed a single task. Britain was the first | |
| 691876597 | Working Conditions | Harsh, not skilled, fast paced, frequent accidents, caused protests. | |
| 691876598 | Industrial capitalism | More people lived in cities, cheaper goods. | |
| 691876599 | The Crimean War | Russia lost, propelling them to become advanced | |
| 691876600 | Meiji Reforms | Meiji government welcomed foreign expertise | |
| 691876601 | Unequal Treaties | Rules made by the British to surpress the Chinese. Legalized opium trade. Permitted establishment of Christian missions. Opened additional treaty ports | |
| 691876602 | The Taiping Rebellion | Concentration of land in the hands of wealthy elites aggravated peasant discontent, as did widespread government corruption and increasing drug addiction. Appealed to many. They were defeated. | |
| 691876603 | The Self-Strengthening Movement | Wanted to blend Chinese and European ideas. Held to Confucian values to reestablish agrarian society | |
| 691876604 | The Hundred Days Reforms | Tried to transform it into an industrial society | |
| 691876605 | The Boxer Rebellion | organized to rid China of "foreign devils" and their influences | |
| 691876606 | Utopian Socialism | Developed by Charles Fourier & Robert Owen. Established model communities based on principle of equality. Stressed cooperative control of industry, education for all children | |
| 691876607 | Communism | Developed by Marx and Engels who wrote the Communist Manifesto. Unrestrained competition led to ruthless exploitation of working class. proletariat were the poor and , bourgeoisie are the middle class. | |
| 691876608 | Trade Unions | Gave worker's rights | |
| 691876609 | Russia & Japan | Government pushed advancements. | |
| 691876610 | Modern imperialism | Refers to domination of industrialized countries over subject lands. Domination achieved through trade, investment, and business activities | |
| 691876611 | Motives of Imperialism | Could buy raw materials and sell products. Could use for ports. Christian missionaries. | |
| 691876612 | British East India Company | Made farmers grow opium to sell to Chinese. Took advantage of India. Outlawed sati!! | |
| 691876613 | Sepoy Rebellion | The revolt of Indian soldiers in 1857 against certain practices that violated religious customs in India against the Brisith; also known as the Sepoy Mutiny. | |
| 691876614 | The Berlin Conference | European powers set rules for carving Africa into colonies. At first because of disease and horses dying it was hard, but with guns they were able to take over whole villages. Except Ethopia. | |
| 691876615 | The Sino-Japanese War | Rebellion in Korea: Chinese army sent to restore order, reassert authority | |
| 691876616 | Indentured labor migration | From Asia, Africa, and Pacific islands. Went to work on plantations for little pay and were mistreated. Japanese to Brazil and Italians to Argentina. | |
| 691876617 | Maji Maji rebellion | East Africa thought traditional magic would defeat the Germans | |
| 691876618 | Scientific racism | Race became the measure of human potential; Europeans considered superior. Social Darwinism: "survival of fittest" used to justify European domination | |
| 691880736 | Spanish American War | In 1898, a conflict between the United States and Spain, in which the U.S. supported the Cubans' fight for independence | |
| 691880737 | The Monroe Doctrine | President James Monroe (1823). If European powers tried to colonize land in the Americas, It would be viewed as an act of war against the USA. Refrain them from recolonizing in Western Hemisphere | |
| 691880738 | The Panama Canal | Buit to make passage between Atlantic and Pacific oceans easier and faster because there were many Navy ships that needed to get from Gulf of Mexico out to the Pacific to help protect American islands in case of invasion; built by Roosevelt | |
| 691887043 | 3 Estates | 1. Nobles 2. Clergy 3. Everybody else |
