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AP World History Unit 5 Flashcards

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6822540845Industrializationthe process of developing machine production of goods0
6822540846Industrial RevolutionA change that began in Britain in the 18th to 19th centuries where more innovations in machinery were made along with more incorporation of factories1
6822540847Factoriesbuildings with the intent of mass producing a certain product or number of products with the use of machines and engines2
6822540853CorporationA company owned by investors who take in the profits but are not responsible for its debts.3
6822540854Trans-national BusinessesA group of individuals who partnered together to form a more profitable business. Were very popular to help transcontinental trips to the New World4
6822540855Capitalisman economic system based on private ownership of capital5
6822540856Adam Smiththinker who supported a economic system based on private enterprise and free trade6
6822540857Socialisman economic system based on state ownership of capital7
6822540858Karl Marxwrote the Communist Manifesto and supported a state run economic system8
6822540859Marxismthe economic and political theories of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels that hold that human actions and institutions are economically determined and that class struggle is needed to create historical change and that capitalism will untimately be superseded9
6822540860Communisma form of socialism that abolishes private ownership10
6822540861Unionsan association of workers, formed to bargain for better working conditions and higher wages11
6822540862Labor Strikeslabor unions were groups of workers who wanted to obtain better working conditions, strikes were held in order to obtain such conditions.12
6822540863Tokugawa Japana family that took over Japan; like a dynasty; reimposed centralized feudalism; closed Japan to foreigners; forbade Japanese people to travel overseas; lasted for about 200 years; a time of economic prosperity but also some political strife; internal rivalries between rulers (different shoguns jealous of others that had more power); some trade (merchants wealthier, but still lower class, which angered them)13
6822540864Meiji Restoration/ Eraperiod of swift modernization and reform for Japan induced by Emperor Meiji. European ideals adopted and applied, bringing outstanding social, governmental, and economic reform as well as inducing the country's change from isolationist to imperialist.14
6822540865Suffrage Movementsgroups that protest for voting rights and equality.15
6822540866Imperialisma superpower extending its reach to less powerful areas usually in the forms of colonies or protectorates.16
6822540867Berlin Conferencemeeting in Berlin where many superpowers met to divide up the African continent.17
6822540868Scramble for Africaphrase used to describe the rush to take land in Africa18
6822540870Economic Imperialisma doctrine that states that a superpower uses a poorer region for its profit and resources.19
6822540871Protectoratea state or territory partly controlled by (but not a possession of) a stronger state but autonomous in internal affairs20
6822540872Colonieslands that are controlled by another nation21
6822540874Zulu Kingdomfounded by Shaka in 1818, the british and the dutch settlers broke up the kingdom in the 20th century22
6822540875Nationalsimfeeling partiotic pride and devotion23
6822540876Nation-statea state containing one homogeneous race24
6822540877Social DarwinismThe belief that only the fittest survive in human political and economic struggle.25
6822540878Enlightenmenta movement in the 18th century that advocated the use of reason in the reappraisal of accepted ideas and social institutions26
6822540879Voltairean Enlightenment thinker who criticized a absolute monarchy27
6822540883Revolutionthe overthrow of a government by those who are governed28
6822540884Declaration of Independencethe document that started the American Revolution formally29
6822540885American Revolutiona rebellion in the British colonies of the northeast of north america which led to the formation of the United States30
6822540886French Revolutionthe revolution that began in 1789, overthrew the absolute monarchy of the Bourbons and the system of aristocratic privileges, and ended with Napoleon's overthrow of the Directory and seizure of power in 1799.31
6822540888Declaration of the Rights of Manguidelines demanded by the people rebelling in France at the beginning of the French Revolution32
6822540892Napoleon BonaparteOverthrew French Directory in 1799 and became emperor of the French in 1804. Failed to defeat Great Britain and abdicated in 1814. Returned to power briefly in 1815 but was defeated and died in exile.33
6822540893Latin American Independence Movementsstates that were once under the rule of European counties became independent and led to a drastic loss of power for European powerhouses34
6822540894Simon BolivarVenezuelan statesman who led the revolt of South American colonies against Spanish rule35
6822540895Haitian RevolutionToussaint l'Ouverture led this uprising, which in 1790 resulted in the successful overthrow of French colonial rule on this Caribbean island. This revolution set up the first black government in the Western Hemisphere and the world's second democratic republic (after the US). The US was reluctant to give full support to this republic led by former slaves.36
6822540896Young Turksreformists that led the Ottoman Empire to change and hoped to promote a secular government and to spread equality37
6822540898Maroon Societiescommunities of runaway slaves, survival of african traditions such as house designs, community organizations and language in caribbean38
6822540900Indian Revolt of 1857Revolt of Indian soldiers against British officers when they were required to use greased cartridges they suspected were being used to pollute them and cause them to convert to Christianity; the revolt spread across north India39
6822540901Boxer Rebellion1899 rebellion in Beijing, China started by a secret society of Chinese who opposed the "foreign devils". The rebellion was ended by British troops40
6822540902Taiping RebellionThe most destructive civil war in China before the twentieth century. A Christian-inspired rural rebellion threatened to topple the Qing Empire. Leader claimed to be the brother of Jesus.41
6822540903Abolitionist Movementsa movement to end the slave trade and set slaves free.42
6822540904Feminismthe movement aimed at equal rights for women43
6822540905Mary WollstonecraftEnglish writer and early feminist who denied male supremacy and advocated equal education for women44
6822540907Olympe de Gourge's Declaration of the Rights of Women and the Female Citizen.the rights of what women thought they should have like voting and stature in government.45
6822540908Seneca Falls Conference of 1848first conference of women for women's rights which was made up of women of the Quaker belief46
6822540909Migrationmoving to another area for a seasonal time or more permanent time47
6822540911Chinese Exclusion ActsAct that banned the immigration of Chinese to work in the United States because they were willing to work low wages and were seen as taking American citizens' jobs48
6822580678Self-strengthening movementFollowing their defeat in the Opium Wars, China believed that Confucian ethics should form the foundation of Chinese society, however China should make use of western science and technology Not complete westernization >>> Chinese learning (fundamental) Western learning (practical use)49
6822589821United Fruit CompanyU.S. corporation that controlled the banana trade in much of Latin America.50
6822591784Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporationis a prominent bank established and based in Hong Kong since 1865 when Hong Kong was a colony of the British Empire. It is the founding member of the HSBC Group and since 1990 is now a wholly owned subsidiary of HSBC Holdings plc. The company's business ranges from the traditional High Street roles of personal finance and commercial banking, to corporate and investment banking, private banking and global banking. It is the largest bank in Hong Kong with branches and offices throughout the Asia Pacific region including other countries around the world.51
6822594553Muhammad Ali (not the boxer)Individual who led the Egyptian resistance to the French invasion, which seized control of the country in 1805. Introduced more efficient agricultural techniques. He had dykes and irrigation canals built so that arid land could be cultivated. Sent peasant farmers to new lands to grow cash crops (cotton, sugar, and tobacco. Things that can be sold for money on the world market. He brought European experts to Egypt to help set up textile mills, iron works, and shipyards. He also invited French military officers to reorganize, train, and equip the Egyptian army52
6822602500Opium WarsThe British East India Company was making profits by exchanging opium for tea in China. When Chinese authorities tried to obstruct this traffic, Britain waged the Opium War (1839-1842) and through the treaty of Nanjing forced them to allow trade and to cede the island of Hong Kong.53

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