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| 8655432725 | Assembly line | In a factory, an arrangement where a product is moved from worker to worker, with each person performing a single task in the making of the product. |  | 0 |
| 8655432726 | Commercial | A dramatic change in the economy of Europe at the end of the Middle Ages. It is characterized by an increase in towns and trade, the use of banks and credit, and the establishment of guilds to regulate quality and price. | 1 | |
| 8655432727 | Communism | A political system in which the government owns all property and dominates all aspects of life in a country. | 2 | |
| 8655432728 | Emancipation | (AL) , Issued by abraham lincoln on september 22, 1862 it declared that all slaves in the confederate states would be free |  | 3 |
| 8655432729 | Enclosure | A movement in England during the 1600s and 1700s in which the government took public lands and sold them off to private landowners--contributing to a population shift toward the cities and a rise in agricultural productivity. | 4 | |
| 8655432730 | Estates-General | the legislative body in France until 1789, representing the three estates of the realm (i.e., the clergy, the nobility, and the commons). | 5 | |
| 8655432731 | Free Market | An economic system in which prices and wages are determined by unrestricted competition between businesses, without government regulation or fear of monopolies. |  | 6 |
| 8655432732 | Imperialism | A policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force. |  | 7 |
| 8655432733 | Industrial Revolution | A period of rapid growth in the use of machines in manufacturing and production that began in the mid-1700s 1. Began in England (resources) and invention of steam engine |  | 8 |
| 8655432734 | Lassiez-Faire | hands-off policy allowing business to operate with little/no government interference |  | 9 |
| 8655432735 | labor union | An organization of workers that tries to improve working conditions, wages, and benefits for its members |  | 10 |
| 8655432736 | Cartel | a formal organization of producers that agree to coordinate prices and production | 11 | |
| 8655432737 | Marxism | the theory created by Karl Marx and Frederich Engels that centers on communism and its inevitability. A branch of socialism that emphasizes exploitation and class struggle and includes both communism and other approaches. |  | 12 |
| 8655432738 | Nationalism | Belief that a nation consists of a group of people who share similar traditions, history, and language. Nationalists argued that every nation should be sovereign and include all members of a community. A person's greatest loyalty should be to a nation-state. | 13 | |
| 8655432739 | Social Class | A system of stratification that groups members of society according to similarities in social standing. Tied to status and power in the community. |  | 14 |
| 8655432740 | Social Darwinism | 19th century of belief that evolutionary ideas theorized by Charles Darwin could be applied to society. |  | 15 |
| 8655432741 | Socialism | A system in which society, usually in the form of the government, owns and controls the means of production. | 16 | |
| 8655432742 | Suffrage | The right to vote |  | 17 |
| 8655432743 | Urbanization | Growth of cities |  | 18 |
| 8655432744 | James Watt | Scottish engineer and inventor whose improvements in the steam engine led to its wide use in industry (1736-1819). |  | 19 |
| 8655432745 | Steam Engine | invention that allowed factories to run machines and rely on manufacturing made industrialization possible |  | 20 |
| 8655432746 | Adam Smith | Seen as the Father of Capitalism. Published The Wealth of Nations in 1776. Economist who wrote Wealth of Nations; Laissez-Faire economics |  | 21 |
| 8655432747 | Sepoy Mutiny | an 1857 rebellion of Hindu and Muslim soldiers against the British in India |  | 22 |
| 8655432748 | Indian National Congress | group formed by Hindu nationalist leaders of India in the late 1800's to gain greater democracy and eventual self-rule | 23 | |
| 8655432749 | Opium War | 1839-1842. Chinese attempted to prohibit the opium trade, British declared war and won against Chinese. Treaty of Nanjing, agreed to open 5 ports to British trade and limit tariffs on British goods and gave Hong Kong. | 24 | |
| 8655432750 | Taiping Rebellion | The most destructive civil war in China before the twentieth century. A Christian-inspired rural rebellion threatened to topple the Qing Empire. Leader claimed to be the brother of Jesus. | 25 | |
| 8655432751 | Sino-Japanese War | a war between China and Japan for influence, power, and territory. |  | 26 |
| 8655432752 | Boxer Rebellion | Rebellion in China against foreigners that occurred soon after the "Open Door" notes. Caused by foreign (American and European) "spheres of influence" within the Chinese empire. Led to no formal division of China and the world powers accepted compensation from the Chinese for damages instead. | 27 | |
| 8655432753 | Meiji Restoration | The political program that followed the destruction of the Tokugawa Shogunate in 1868, in which a collection of young leaders set Japan on the path of centralization, industrialization, and imperialism. | 28 | |
| 8655432754 | Russo-Japanese War | War between Russia and Japan; Japan wins and takes parts of Manchuria under its control. | 29 | |
| 8655432755 | Boer war | (1899-1902) War between Great Britain and the Boers in South Africa over control of rich mining country. Great Britain won and created the Union of South Africa comprised of all the South African colonies. | 30 | |
| 8655432756 | African National Congress | An organization dedicated to obtaining equal voting and civil rights for black inhabitants of South Africa. Founded in 1912 as the South African Native National Congress, it changed its name in 1923. Eventually brought greater equality. | 31 | |
| 8655432757 | Berlin Conference | (1884-1885) During European Imperialism, various European leaders met in Berlin, Germany to discuss plans for dividing Africa peacefully. These leaders had little regard for African independence, and had no representation for native Africans. This began the process of imperializing Africa. |  | 32 |
| 8655432758 | Muhammad Ali | Leader of Egyptian modernization in the early nineteenth century. He ruled Egypt as an Ottoman governor, but had imperial ambitions. His descendants ruled Egypt until overthrown in 1952. | 33 | |
| 8655432759 | European Colonialism | the process of european settlement/political control over the rest of the world |  | 34 |
| 8655432760 | American Revolution | This political revolution began with the Declaration of Independence in 1776 where American colonists sought to balance the power between government and the people and protect the rights of citizens in a democracy. | 35 | |
| 8655432761 | French Revolution | The revolution that began in 1789, overthrew the absolute monarchy of the Bourbons and the system of aristocratic privileges, and ended with Napoleon's overthrow of the Directory and seizure of power in 1799. | 36 | |
| 8655432762 | Declaration of the Rights of Man | French Revolution document that outlined what the National Assembly considered to be the natural rights of all people and the rights that they possessed as citizens. | 37 | |
| 8655432763 | Napoleon Bonaparte | (1769-1821) Emperor of the French. Responsible for many French Revolution reforms as well as conquering most of Europe. He was defeated at Waterloo, and died several years later on the island of Saint Helena. | 38 | |
| 8655432764 | Haitian Revolution | A major influece of the Latin American revolutions because of its successfulness; the only successful slave revolt in history; it is led by Toussaint L'Ouverture. | 39 | |
| 8655432765 | Latin Revolutions | Simon Bolivar is the greatest, father Miguel Hildago | 40 | |
| 8655432766 | Unification of Italy and Germany | Germany replaced France as the dominant power in continental Europe. | 41 | |
| 8655432767 | Nicholas II | Last emperor of Russia, a tsar. Political enemies nicknamed him Nicholas the Bloody because of the Khodynka Tragedy, anti-Semitic pogroms, Bloody Sunday, his violent suppression of the 1905 Revolution, his execution of political opponents and his perceived responsibility for the Russo-Japanese War. | 42 | |
| 8655432768 | Monroe Doctrine | A statement of foreign policy which proclaimed that Europe should not interfere in affairs within the United States or in the development of other countries in the Western Hemisphere. |  | 43 |
| 8655432769 | Spanish-American War | conflict in 1898 between Spain and the United States. Fought mainly for the issue of Cuban independence from Spain. | 44 | |
| 8655432770 | Decline of Ottoman Empire | They fell behind in industrialization, in education, and in general compared to the west. | 45 |
