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AP World History Unit 5 Flashcards

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4343868486Industrializationthe process of developing machine production of goods0
4343868487Industrial RevolutionA change that began in Britain in the 18th to 19th centuries where more innovations in machinery were made along with more incorporation of factories1
4343868488Factoriesbuildings with the intent of mass producing a certain product or number of products with the use of machines and engines2
4343868489Factors of Productionland, labor, and capital; the three groups of resources that are used to make all goods and services3
4343868490Capitalwealth in the form of property or money owned by a business or individual4
4343868491Second Industrial Revolutionsteep growth in industry and the production of steel, petroleum, electric power, and the machinery to produce other goods5
4343868492Consumer Marketsconsists of costumers who buy commodities for personal use6
4343868493Stock MarketA general term used to describe all transactions involving the buying and selling of stock shares issued by a company.7
4343868494CorporationA company owned by investors who take in the profits but are not responsible for its debts.8
4343868495Transnational BuisnessA group of individuals who partnered together to form a more profitable business. Were very popular to help transcontinental trips to the New World9
4343868496Capitalisman economic system based on private ownership of capital10
4343868497Adam Smiththinker who supported a economic system based on private enterprise and free trade11
4343868498Socialisman economic system based on state ownership of capital12
4343868499Karl Marxwrote the Communist Manifesto and supported a state run economic system13
4343868500Marxismthe economic and political theories of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels that hold that human actions and institutions are economically determined and that class struggle is needed to create historical change and that capitalism will untimately be superseded14
4343868501Communisma form of socialism that abolishes private ownership15
4343868502Unionsan association of workers, formed to bargain for better working conditions and higher wages16
4343868503Labor Strikeslabor unions were groups of workers who wanted to obtain better working conditions, strikes were held in order to obtain such conditions.17
4343868504Tokugawa Japana family that took over Japan; like a dynasty; reimposed centralized feudalism; closed Japan to foreigners; forbade Japanese people to travel overseas; lasted for about 200 years; a time of economic prosperity but also some political strife; internal rivalries between rulers (different shoguns jealous of others that had more power); some trade (merchants wealthier, but still lower class, which angered them)18
4343868505Meiji Restoration/ Eraperiod of swift modernization and reform for Japan induced by Emperor Meiji. European ideals adopted and applied, bringing outstanding social, governmental, and economic reform as well as inducing the country's change from isolationist to imperialist.19
4343868506Suffrage Movementsgroups that protest for voting rights and equality.20
4343868507Imperialisma superpower extending its reach to less powerful areas usually in the forms of colonies or protectorates.21
4343868508Berlin Conferencemeeting in Berlin where many superpowers met to divide up the African continent.22
4343868509Scramble for Africaphrase used to describe the rush to take land in Africa23
4343868510King Leopold IIking of Belgium who supported the colonization of Africa and took many means to do so24
4343868511Economic Imperialisma doctrine that states that a superpower uses a poorer region for its profit and resources.25
4343868512Protectoratea state or territory partly controlled by (but not a possession of) a stronger state but autonomous in internal affairs26
4343868513Colonieslands that are controlled by another nation27
4343868514The Cherokee NationAdopted European ways because they believed they could keep their land if acted as white man. Had newspaper, charter. They were farmers and elite owned slaves. Developed an alphabet where 20% became literate (more than whites)28
4343868515Zulu Kingdomfounded by Shaka in 1818, the british and the dutch settlers broke up the kingdom in the 20th century29
4343868516Nationalsimfeeling partiotic pride and devotion30
4343868517Nation-statea state containing one homogeneous race31
4343868518Social DarwinismThe belief that only the fittest survive in human political and economic struggle.32
4343868519Enlightenmenta movement in the 18th century that advocated the use of reason in the reappraisal of accepted ideas and social institutions33
4343868520Voltairean Enlightenment thinker who criticized a absolute monarchy34
4343868521RousseauFrench philosopher from 1712-1778 who believed that people are naturally good, but are corrupted by society35
4343868522LockeEnglish empiricist philosopher who believed that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience36
4343868523HobbesEnglishmen who believed that men were in nature evil and needed some sort of control.37
4343868524Revolutionthe overthrow of a government by those who are governed38
4343868525Declaration of Independencethe document that started the American Revolution formally39
4343868526American Revolutiona rebellion in the British colonies of the northeast of north america which led to the formation of the United States40
4343868527French Revolutionthe revolution that began in 1789, overthrew the absolute monarchy of the Bourbons and the system of aristocratic privileges, and ended with Napoleon's overthrow of the Directory and seizure of power in 1799.41
4343868528Louis XVIKing of France (1774-1792). In 1789 he summoned the Estates-General, but he did not grant the reforms that were demanded and revolution followed. Louis and his queen, Marie Antoinette, were executed in 1793.42
4343868529Declaration of the Rights of Manguidelines demanded by the people rebelling in France at the beginning of the French Revolution43
4343868530Reign of Terrorthe historic period (1793-94) during the French Revolution when thousands were executed44
4343868531RobospierreFrench politician who led the reign of terror with many executions and eventually he was executed himself.45
4343868532Guillotineinstrument of execution that consists of a weighted blade between two vertical poles46
4343868533Napoleon BonaparteOverthrew French Directory in 1799 and became emperor of the French in 1804. Failed to defeat Great Britain and abdicated in 1814. Returned to power briefly in 1815 but was defeated and died in exile.47
4343868534Latin American Independence Movementsstates that were once under the rule of European counties became independent and led to a drastic loss of power for European powerhouses48
4343868535Simon BolivarVenezuelan statesman who led the revolt of South American colonies against Spanish rule49
4343868536Haitian RevolutionToussaint l'Ouverture led this uprising, which in 1790 resulted in the successful overthrow of French colonial rule on this Caribbean island. This revolution set up the first black government in the Western Hemisphere and the world's second democratic republic (after the US). The US was reluctant to give full support to this republic led by former slaves.50
4343868537Young Turksreformists that led the Ottoman Empire to change and hoped to promote a secular government and to spread equality51
4343868538Toussaint L'OuvertureLeader of the Haitian Revolution52
4343868539Maroon Societiescommunities of runaway slaves, survival of african traditions such as house designs, community organizations and language in caribbean53
4343868540Gandhia Indian , political and spiritual leader during India's struggle with Great Britain for home rule54
4343868541Indian Revolt of 1857Revolt of Indian soldiers against British officers when they were required to use greased cartridges they suspected were being used to pollute them and cause them to convert to Christianity; the revolt spread across north India55
4343868542Boxer Rebellion1899 rebellion in Beijing, China started by a secret society of Chinese who opposed the "foreign devils". The rebellion was ended by British troops56
4343868543Taiping RebellionThe most destructive civil war in China before the twentieth century. A Christian-inspired rural rebellion threatened to topple the Qing Empire. Leader claimed to be the brother of Jesus.57
4343868544Abolitionist Movementsa movement to end the slave trade and set slaves free.58
4343868545Feminismthe movement aimed at equal rights for women59
4343868546Mary WollstonecraftEnglish writer and early feminist who denied male supremacy and advocated equal education for women60
4343868547Vindication of Rights of WomenBook written by Wollstonecraft which explained that women should have equal rights with men in education, politics, and economics61
4343868548Olympe de Gourge's Declaration of the Rights of Women and the Female Citizen.the rights of what women thought they should have like voting and stature in government.62
4343868549Seneca Falls Conference of 1848first conference of women for women's rights which was made up of women of the Quaker belief63
4343868550Migrationmoving to another area for a seasonal time or more permanent time64
4343868551Ethnic Enclavesareas or neighborhoods within cities that are homogeneous in their ethnic make-up, and are usually surrounded by different ethnic groups65
4343868552Chinese Exclusion ActsAct that banned the immigration of Chinese to work in the United States because they were willing to work low wages and were seen as taking American citizens' jobs66

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