Terms : Hide Images
| 164128709 | Government of India Act (1935) | Was the last pre-independence constitution of the British Raj. It granted Indian provinces autonomy. Direct elections are introduced for the first time. The right to vote was increased from seven million to thirty-five million. | 0 | |
| 164128710 | Great Leap Forward | The disastrous economic policy introduced by Mao Zedong that proposed the implementation of small-scale industrial projects. | 1 | |
| 164128711 | Guomindang (Kuomintang) | China's Nationalist political party founded by Sun Yat-sen in 1912 and based on democratic principles; in 1925, the party was taken over by Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai-shek), who made it into a more authoritarian party. | 2 | |
| 164128712 | Iron Curtain | Term coined by Winston Churchill for the political barrier isolating Soviet dominated Eastern Europe from Western Europe. | 3 | |
| 164128713 | Korean Conflict | Conflict between Communist and non-Communist forces in Korea from June 25, 1950, to July 27, 1953. | 4 | |
| 164128714 | Kulaks | Russian peasants who became wealthy under Lenin's New Economic Policy. | 5 | |
| 164128715 | Marshall Plan | A U.S. plan to support the recovery and reconstruction of Western Europe after World War II. | 6 | |
| 164128716 | May Fourth Movement | A 1919 protest in China against the Treaty of Versailles and foreign influence. | 7 | |
| 164128717 | New Economic Policy (NEP) | Lenin's policy that allowed some private ownership and limited foreign investment to revitalize the Soviet economy. | 8 | |
| 164128718 | Nonalignment | The policy of some developing nations to refrain from aligning with either the United States or the Soviet Union during the Cold War. | 9 | |
| 164128719 | North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) | A defense alliance between nations of Western Europe and North America formed in 1949. | 10 | |
| 164128720 | Perestroika | A restructuring of the Soviet economy to allow some local decision making. | 11 | |
| 164128721 | Prague Spring | A 1968 program of reform to soften socialism in Czechoslovakia; it resulted in the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia | 12 | |
| 164128722 | Purges | Joseph Stalin's policy of exiling or killing millions of his opponents in the Soviet Union. | 13 | |
| 164128723 | Red Guard | A militia of young Chinese people organized to carry out Mao Zedong's Cultural Revolution. | 14 | |
| 164128724 | Sandinistas | A left-wing group that overthrew the dictatorship of Nicaraguan Anastacio Somoza in 1979. | 15 | |
| 164128725 | Six-Day War | A brief war between Israel and a number of Arab states in 1967; during this conflict Israel took over Jerusalem, the Golan Heights, the Sinai Peninsula, and the West Bank. | 16 | |
| 164128726 | Solidarity | A Polish trade union that began the nation's protest against communist rule. | 17 | |
| 164128727 | Tiananmen Square | Beijing site of a 1989 student protest in favor of democracy; the Chinese military killed a large number of protestors. | 18 | |
| 164128728 | Truman Doctrine | A 1947 statement by U.S. President Truman that pledged aid to any nation resisting communism. | 19 | |
| 164128729 | Warsaw Pact | The 1955 agreement between the Soviet Union and the countries of eastern Europe in response to NATO. | 20 | |
| 164128730 | Al-Qaeda | A terrorist group based in Afghanistan in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. | 21 | |
| 164128731 | Cartels | Unions of independent businesses in order to regulate production, prices, and the marketing of goods. | 22 | |
| 164128732 | International Monetary Fund | An international organization founded in 1944 to promote market economies and free trade. | 23 | |
| 164128733 | Persian Gulf War | The 1991 war between Iraq and a U.S. | 24 | |
| 164128734 | World Bank | An agency of the United Nations that offers loans to countries to promote trade and economic development. | 25 | |
| 164128735 | Euro | The standard currency introduced and adopted by the majority of members of the European Union in January 2002. | 26 | |
| 164128736 | European Economic Community (EEC or Common Market) | An economic organization of European states set up by the Treaties of ROME in March 1957. Its member states agreed to coordinate their economic policies, and to establish common policies for agriculture, transport, the movement of capital and labor, the erection of common external tariffs, and the ultimate establishment of political unification. | 27 | |
| 164128737 | European Community | An organization of Western European countries, which came into being in 1967 through the merger of the European Economic Community (Common Market or EEC), European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom), and European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), and was committed to economic and political integration as envisaged by the Treaties of Rome. It was superseded in 1993 by the EUROPEAN UNION. | 28 | |
| 164128738 | Import Substitution Industrialization | An economic system that attempts to strengthen a country's industrial power by restricting foreign imports. | 29 | |
| 164128739 | McDonaldization | Term used by sociologist George Ritzer in his book The McDonaldization of Society (1995). He describes it as the process by which a society takes on the characteristics of a fast-food restaurant (efficiency, calculability, predictability, & control); extension of world trade to the Soviet Union. | 30 | |
| 164128740 | North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) | An organization that prohibits tariffs and other trade barriers between Mexico, the United States, and Canada. | 31 | |
| 164128741 | Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) | Organization formed in 1960 by oil-producing countries to regulate oil supplies and prices. | 32 | |
| 164128742 | World Trade Organization (WTO) | An international organization begun in 1995 to promote and organize world trade. | 33 | |
| 164128743 | Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) | The blueprint of heredity | 34 | |
| 164128744 | Helsinki Accords | A 1975 political and human rights agreement signed in Helsinki, Finland, by Western European countries and the Soviet Union | 35 | |
| 164128745 | Hubble Space Telescope | Optical telescope that was placed in Earth orbit by the space shuttle in 1990. Hubble now produces accurate images of bodies that cannot be observed clearly by terrestrial telescopes due to atmospheric distortion. | 36 | |
| 164128746 | International Space Station | A vehicle sponsored by sixteen nations that circles the earth while carrying out experiments | 37 | |
| 164128747 | Service Industries | Occupations that provide a service rather than a manufactured or agricultural product | 38 | |
| 164128748 | Sputnik | World's first artificial satellite, launched by the Soviet Union on October 4, 1957. Weighing 83.5kg (184lb) and with a radio transmitter. | 39 | |
| 164128749 | Cubism | A school of art in which persons and objects are represented by geometric forms | 40 | |
| 164128750 | Balfour Declaration | British minister Lord Balfour's promise of support for the establishment of Jewish settlement in Palestine issued in 1917 | 41 | |
| 164128751 | Kabuki theater | A form of Japanese theater developed in the seventeenth century that features colorful scenery and costumes and an exaggerated style of acting | 42 | |
| 164128752 | Mass consumerism | Trade in products designed to appeal to a global market | 43 | |
| 164128753 | National Organization of Women (NOW) | U.S. organization founded in 1969 to campaign for women's rights | 44 | |
| 164128754 | New Deal | U.S. President Roosevelt's program to relieve the economic problems of the Great Depression; it increased government involvement in the society of the United States | 45 | |
| 164128755 | No theater | The classical Japanese drama with music and dances performed on a simple stage by elaborately dressed actors | 46 | |
| 164128756 | Welfare state | A nation in which the government plays an active role in providing services such as social security to its citizens | 47 | |
| 164128757 | Green Revolution | A program of improved irrigation methods and the introduction of high-yield seeds and fertilizers and pesticides to improve agricultural production | 48 | |
| 164128758 | Guest workers | Workers form North Africa and Asia who migrated to Europe during the late twentieth century in search of employment | 49 | |
| 164128759 | Ozone depletion | The thinning of the layer of the gas ozone high in the earth's atmosphere; ozone serves as a protection against the sun's ultraviolet rays | 50 | |
| 164128760 | Coup d'état | Sudden overthrow of a government | 51 | |
| 164128761 | Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere | The pseudo-political and economic union of Japanese-dominated Asian and Pacific territories during World War II. By the end of the war, the Co-Prosperity Sphere had become an object of hatred and ridicule. | 52 | |
| 164128762 | Weimar Republic | The republic that was established in Germany in 1919 and ended in 1933. | 53 | |
| 164128763 | Viet Minh | Communist-dominated Vietnamese nationalist movement; operated out of base in southern China during WW II; employed guerilla tactics similar to Maoists in China. | 54 | |
| 164128764 | Propaganda | Information or material spread to advance a cause or to damage an opponent's cause. | 55 | |
| 164128765 | European Union | Began as European Economic Community (or Common Market), an alliance of Germany, France, Italy, Belgium, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands, to create a single economic entity across national boundaries in 1958; later joined by Britain, Ireland, Denmark, Greece, Spain, Portugal, Sweden, Austria, Finland, and other nations for further European economic integration. | 56 | |
| 164128766 | Viet Cong | Name given to the communist guerilla movement in southern Vietnam by the Diem regime; reorganized with northern Vietnamese assistance as the National Liberation Front in 1958. | 57 | |
| 164128767 | African National Congress | Black political organization within South Africa; pressed for end to policies of apartheid; sought open democracy leading to black majority rule; until 1990s declared illegal | 58 | |
| 164128768 | Free Officers Movement | Military nationalist movement in Egypt founded in the 1930s; often allied with the Muslim Brotherhood; led coup to seize Egyptian government from khedive in July 1952 | 59 | |
| 164128769 | Dien Bien Phu | Most significant victory of the Viet Minh over French colonial forces in 1954; gave the Viet Minh control of northern Vietnam | 60 | |
| 164128770 | National Liberation Front (FLN) | radical nationalist movement in Algeria; launched sustained guerilla was against France in the 1950s; success of tactics led to independence of Algeria in 1958 | 61 | |
| 164128771 | Afrikaner National Party | Emerged as the majority party in the all-white South African legislature after 1948; advocated complete independence from Britain; favored a rigid system or racial segregation called apartheid | 62 | |
| 164128772 | Muslim League | Founded in 1906 to better support demands of Muslims for separate electorates and legislative seats in Hindu-dominated India; represented division within Indian nationalist movement | 63 | |
| 164128773 | Atlantic Charter of 1941 | World War II alliance agreement between the United States and Britain; included a clause that recognized the right of all people to choose the form of government under which they live; indicated sympathy for decolonization | 64 | |
| 164128774 | Total War | A conflict in which the participating countries devote all their resources to the war effort. | 65 | |
| 164128775 | Vichy | French collaborationist government established in 1940 in southern France following defeat of French armies by the Germans | 66 | |
| 164128776 | Politburo | Executive committee of the Soviet Communist party; 20 members | 67 | |
| 164128777 | Twenty-one Demands | Instrument by which Japan secured temporary hegemony over China. Japan used its declaration of war against Germany (Aug., 1914) as grounds for invading Kiaochow, the German leasehold in Shandong prov., China. Disregarding the Chinese request to withdraw, Japan secretly presented (1915) President Yüan Shih-kai with an ultimatum comprising 21 demands divided into five sections. | 68 |
