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| 13148260028 | Winston Churchill | Prime Minister of Great Britain during World War II. | 0 | |
| 13148260029 | Appeasement | giving into the demands of another country in hopes of keeping the peace. | 1 | |
| 13148260030 | Third Reich | The Third German Empire, established by Adolf Hitler in the 1930s. | 2 | |
| 13148260031 | Nonaggression Pact | Negotiations between Germany and the Soviets, the two nations pledged not to attack one another. During the negotiations for the pact, Hitler secretly offered Stalin control of eastern Poland and the Baltic States if Stalin would stand by during a German invasion of western Poland. With this assurance in hand, Germany invaded Poland on September 1, 1939, claiming that Poland had attacked first. | 3 | |
| 13148260032 | Nanjing Massacre | Six-week-long incident in which Japanese soldiers killed or raped so many Chinese in the city of Nanjing, also referred to the "Rape of Nanjing." | 4 | |
| 13148260033 | Blitzkrieg | lightning war, a form of warfare in which surprise attacks with fast-moving airplanes are followed by massive attacks with infantry forces. | 5 | |
| 13148260034 | Lend-Lease Act | In this, the United States gave up all pretensions of neutrality by lending war materials to Britain. | 6 | |
| 13148260035 | Luftwaffe | German Air Force | 7 | |
| 13148260036 | Battle of Britain | An aerial battle fought in World War II in 1940 between the German Luftwaffe (air force), which carried out extensive bombing in Britain, and the British Royal Air Force, which offered successful resistance. | 8 | |
| 13148260037 | Battle of Leningrad | In the Soviet Union, was a three year siege. 660,000 Soviets died of starvation and disease and one million soviet men, women, and children were killed before Germans retreated. The battle was significant for the bravery of the Soviets against the Germans. | 9 | |
| 13148260038 | Erwin Rommel | the "Desert Fox", led German troops in Egypt and threatened to take the northern city of Alexandria. | 10 | |
| 13148260039 | Battle of Stalingrad | Unsuccessful German attack on the city of Stalingrad during World War II from 1942 to 1943, that was the furthest extent of German advance into the Soviet Union. | 11 | |
| 13148260040 | Battle of Mid-way Island | With the destruction of four Japanese aircraft carriers, allied naval forces demonstrated their superiority in the Pacific. These battles stopped the advancement of the Japanese. | 12 | |
| 13148260041 | Battle of the Bulge | Final German push against the allies during the winter of 1944, was fought in the Ardennes Forest across parts of France, Belgium, and Luxembourg. An allied victory left Germany with no realistic expectation of winning the war, yet Hitler refused to give up. Allied air raids began to systematically destroy Germany's infrastructure and Allied troops crossed the Rhine River into Germany in March 1945. One month later they were close to Germany's capital city of Berlin. | 13 | |
| 13148260042 | Tehran Conference | First major meeting between the Big Three (United States, Britain, Russia) at which they would discuss strategy for winning World War II, and for shaping the world after the war ended. | 14 | |
| 13148260043 | Yalta Conference | February 1945, here the Soviet leader Joseph Stalin revealed his distrust of his allies. The allies could see that Germany was near defeat, but they had different ideas of what should happen after Germany's surrender. | 15 | |
| 13148260044 | Potsdam Conference | The final meeting between the leaders of the Big Three, began in July 1945 in Germany. | 16 | |
| 13148260045 | Sudetenland | A region of western Czechoslovakia, Hitler argued that the area was a natural extension of his Aryan Empire. The German leader met with the leaders of Britain, France, and Italy in Munich to discuss his demands. | 17 | |
| 13148260046 | Mein Kampf | Book written by Hitler in which he declared his extreme anti-Semitic views. | 18 | |
| 13148260047 | Ghettos | Segregated Jewish areas. | 19 | |
| 13148260048 | Deng Xiaoping | Successor to Mao Zedong who became the Chinese leader, he instituted a series of reforms including the replacement of communes with peasant-leased plots of land where the peasants could grown their own crops and sell part of them in markets. | 20 | |
| 13148260049 | Ho Chi Minh | Vietnamese communist statesman/nationalist who fought the Japanese in World War II and the French until 1954 and South vietnam until 1975 (1890-1969) | 21 | |
| 13148260050 | Fidel Castro | Communist dictator of Cuba who came into power in 1959. | 22 | |
| 13148260051 | Mikhail Gorbachev | a more progressive Communist than previous Soviet leaders, came to power in 1985. He favored perestroika, attempts to restructure the Soviet economy to allow elements of free enterprise, and glasnost, the policy of opening up Soviet society and the political process by granting greater freedom. | 23 | |
| 13148260052 | NATO | North Atlantic Treaty Organization; an alliance made to defend one another if they were attacked by any other country; US, England, France, Canada, Western European countries | 24 | |
| 13148260053 | Warsaw Pact | An alliance between the Soviet Union and other Eastern European nations. This was in response to the NATO. | 25 | |
| 13148260054 | Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty | This agreement outlawed the testing of nuclear weapons above ground, underwater, and in space, the idea behind the agreement was to cut down the amount of radiation that people would be exposed to as a result of the testing of these weapons. | 26 | |
| 13148260055 | Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty | Called on nuclear powers to prevent the spread of military nuclear technology and materials to non-nuclear countries. | 27 | |
| 13148260056 | SALT | negotiations between the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics opened in 1969 in Helsinki designed to limit both countries' stock of nuclear weapons. | 28 | |
| 13148260057 | Truman Doctrine | A strong statement that the United States would do what it had to do to stop the spread of Communist influence, specifically in Greece and Turkey. | 29 | |
| 13148260058 | Marshall Plan | Was designed to offer $13 billion more in aid to all nations of Europe, including Germany. This money would be used to modernize industrial and business practices and reduce trade barriers. | 30 | |
| 13148260059 | Cold War | A state of political hostility between the United States and Soviet Union characterized by threats, propaganda, and other measures short of open warfare, in particular. | 31 | |
| 13148260060 | Berlin Airlift | In response to the Soviets blockading Berlin and preventing food and supplies from entering the city. In response, the United States and Great Britain instituted the Berlin Airlift. About 1 million tons of supplies, including food, clothing, medicine, and fuel were transported into the city until the Soviets finally ended the blockade in May 1949. | 32 | |
| 13148260061 | Red Guards | Groups of revolutionary students who carried out Mao Zedong's Wishes. | 33 | |
| 13148260062 | Tiananmen Square | Site in Beijing where Chinese students and workers gathered to demand greater political openness in 1989. The demonstration was crushed by Chinese military with great loss of life. | 34 | |
| 13148260063 | Korean War | The conflict between Communist North Korea and Non-Communist South Korea. The United Nations (led by the United States) helped South Korea. | 35 | |
| 13148260064 | Vietnam War | US aided the South (non-communist); led to sizeable, passionate, and sometimes violent protests, especially as the war went on. | 36 | |
| 13148260065 | Tet offensive | A 1968 attack by North Vietnamese and Viet Cong troops, though not a military success, demonstrated that the united states was having difficulty winning the war. | 37 | |
| 13148260066 | Berlin Wall | A wall separating East and West Berlin built by East Germany in 1961 to keep citizens from escaping to the West. | 38 | |
| 13148260067 | Bay of Pigs | An unsuccessful invasion of Cuba in 1961, which was sponsored by the United States. Its purpose was to overthrow Cuban dictator Fidel Castro. | 39 | |
| 13148260068 | Cuban Missile Crisis | 1962 crisis that arose between the United States and the Soviet Union over a Soviet attempt to deploy nuclear missiles in Cuba. | 40 | |
| 13148260069 | Iron Curtain | Metaphor that described the split between Eastern and Western Europe. | 41 | |
| 13148260070 | ICBM | Intercontinental ballistic missile | 42 | |
| 13148260071 | Sputnik | Launched by the Soviet Union in 1957, was history's first artificial satellite. | 43 | |
| 13148260072 | WTO | World Trade Organization | 44 | |
| 13148260073 | Great Leap Forward | Introduced by Mao Zedong, as part of the policy peasant lands were organized into communes, large agricultural communities where land was held by the state rather than by private owners. | 45 | |
| 13148260074 | Euro | The basic monetary unit of most members of the European Union (introduced in 1999) | 46 |
