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AP World History Unit 6B Flashcards

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4209903529Scorched EarthA strategy of defensive warfare, in which everything that might be of use to an invading army is destroyed by the defending army as it retreats0
4209903530Partisansguerilla warriors fighting in the resistance against occupying armies. The term is especially used for the resistance against the Germans and Italians in WW2 and against Franco's in Spain.1
4209903531GenocideThe act of murdering an entire people. Originally used for the Nazi attempt to exterminate the Jewish people.2
4209903532SuperpowerThe term ascribed to both the USSR and the US in recognition of their power, especially their military power, far greater than that of any other country in the world at this time.3
4209903533Asymmetrical WarfareWarfare between two groups armed and equipped very differently, and often using different strategies, usually between lightly armed guerilla warriors and conventionally equipped armies of powerful States.4
4209903534Paper TigerThe mocking comment of the Chinese towards the Americans, who had vast arrays if conventional nuclear weaponry but could not cope with simply armed warriors, often guerilla warriors, fighting for their homelands in Korea, Vietnam, and elsewhere5
4209903535Pax AmericanaLiterally "American Peace". Designates the relative tranquility established within the American sphere of influence immediately after WW26
4209903536Marshall PlanAn American program of economic assistance for rebuilding non communist Europe after WW2, proposed by Secretary of state George Marshall7
4209903537Sphere of InfluenceThe geopolitical region in which one external power is considered dominant and other powers keep hands off8
4209903538Iron CurtainTerm introduced by Winston Churchill to describe the division of Europe by the Soviet Union spreading its areas of control I'm central and eastern Europe from Western Europe9
4209903539ContainmentThe postwar policy of the united States advocated by diplomat George Kennan to encircle and contain the Soviet Union within limits through military confrontation that would stop short of war. advocated a balance of force10
4209903540Client StateA state that is economically, politically, or militarily, dependent on another state11
4209903541McCarthyismA strategy of attacking political opponents by labeling them unpatriotic ir even treasonous. Named for US senator Joseph McCarthy who employed it in his campaign against alleged communists12
4209903542GulagThe acronym of Glavnoye, Upravleniye Ispravitelno Trudovykh Lagerey, the "Chief Administration of Corrective Labor Camps," a department of the Soviet secret police founded in 1934 under Stalin. It ran a vast network of forced labor camps throughout the USSR to which millions of citizens accused of "crimes against the state" were sent for punishment13
4209903543Neo ColonialismThe assertion of power by one country over another, usually through economic dominance, but without formal political authority. A common relationship between countries that had previously been in a formal relationship14
4209903544Prague SpringThe period in the spring of 1968 when it appeared all of Czechoslovakia would achieve greater freedom of expression and greater independence of control by the USSR. This hope was crushed by military intervention by the Soviets15
4209903545Brezhnev DoctrineIn 1968 , head of the USSR government declared that the USSR would intervene militarily to prevent any of its satellite countries from claiming independence. Issued when Czechoslovakia sought independence16
4209903546Domino EffectThe belief, held by many American policy makers, that if one country in a region became communist, others would follow, one after another17
4209903547BlitzkriegTranslates as "lightening war" German military tactic that brought great success18
4209903548Battle of BritainAir war between Britain and Germany with Brits winning out19
4209903549D-DayOften used in the military as the day on which an important operation is to begin; more generally signifies any date targeted for special action.. Since the Normandy landing, June 6, 1944, the term "D-Day" has often most referred to that historic occasion20
4209903550StalingradSoviets won decisive battle if the eastern front and drove to Berlin Hitler's forces were turned back by soviets21
4209903551Potsdam ConferenceWith the war in Europe near end, concessions were made to Stalin for assistance against Japanese in the pacific22
4209903552Yalta ConferenceHeld to decide the end of WW2, Germany divided into occupation zones23
4209903553HolocaustThe extermination of over 6 million Jews and other undesirables by WW2 nazis24
4209903554Hiroshima/NagasakiCities of war production chosen as targets for the atomic bomb25
4209903555United NationsWorld peacekeeping body crated following WW226
4209903556NATO/Warsaw Pactthe alliance of the allied powers and the alliance of the axis powers or communists after the war27
4209903557Massive RetaliationLaunching a full scale nuclear attack28
4209903558BrinkmanshipEscalating a conflict all the way to the brink of war but not actually going there29
4209903559SputnikThe first Russian satellite launched into space which ignited the space race30
4209903560CIA/KGBIntel organization of the U.S. and the USSR31
4209903561Cuban Missile CrisisWhen the Soviets were storing lots of missiles in Cuba which is in close proximity to the U.S.32
4209903562Vietnam WarConflict between communist forces of North Vietnam and South Vietnam which lasted about 10 years33

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