Terms : Hide Images
| 2835180590 | Neolithic | New stone age | 0 | |
| 2835180591 | Domestication | the taming of animals for human use, such as work or as food | 1 | |
| 2835180592 | Agricultural revolution | change in farming methods in the 1600s that improved the quality and quantity of farm products | 2 | |
| 2835180593 | Slash and burn | Another name for shifring cultivation, so named because fields are cleared by slashing the vegetation and burning the debris. | 3 | |
| 2835180594 | Obsidian | Rare dark rock used in trade | 4 | |
| 2835180595 | Carla huyuk | Neolithic settlement in modern day turkey | 5 | |
| 2835180596 | Metallurgy | Creation/value of metals like iron, gold | 6 | |
| 2835180597 | Sedentary | 7 | ||
| 2835180598 | Epic of Gilgamesh | an epic poem from Ancient Mesopotamia and is among the earliest known works of literary fiction. | 8 | |
| 2835180599 | Mesopotamia | ancient region between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in the Middle East; "the land between the rivers" which became the site of the Sumerian civilization--ziggurats, math based on 60s, writing | 9 | |
| 2835180600 | Tigris | River next to Mesopotamia | 10 | |
| 2835180601 | Euphrates | River next to Mesopotamia provided water to Mesopotamia | 11 | |
| 2835180602 | Sumer | This was the first group of people to form a large civilization with advanced cities, with a ruling dynasty based in their capital of Ur. | 12 | |
| 2835180603 | Semetic | People who spoke Akkadian and Aramaic | 13 | |
| 2835180605 | City-stare | This is a city which acts as an independent country, with its own government and ruling body. Ur, in Sumer, is said to be the first city-state to have ever developed. | 14 | |
| 2835180606 | Ziggurats | A Mesopotamian stepped pyramid. Unlike an Egyptian pyramid, a ziggurat was a solid structure of baked brick, an artificial hill at the summit of which stood a temple. | 15 | |
| 2835180608 | Babylonia | Empire who ruled Mesopotamia until 1600 bce | 16 | |
| 2835180609 | Hammurabi's Code | A series of laws publicized at the order of King Hammurabi of Babylon. Not actually a code, but a number of laws that proclaim the king's commitment to social order. | 17 | |
| 2835180610 | Lex Talionis | Law of retaliation | 18 | |
| 2835180611 | Patriarchal | definition: a form of social organization in which a male is the family head and title is traced through the male line | 19 | |
| 2835180612 | Cuneiform | Wedge-shaped writing in the form of symbols incised into clay tablets; used in Mesopotamia. | 20 | |
| 2835180613 | Hebrews | Pastoral nomads who inhabited lands between Mesopotamia and egypt | 21 | |
| 2835180614 | Isrralites | Hebrews who departed with Moses into 12 different tribes | 22 | |
| 2835180615 | Jews | Hebrew descendants that inhabited Judea | 23 | |
| 2835180616 | Abraham | Hebrew patriarch from Sumerian city UR | 24 | |
| 2835180617 | Moses | Led Hebrews to Palestine | 25 | |
| 2835180618 | Palestine | Place where isrealites settled into 12 tribes | 26 | |
| 2835180619 | King David | leaded and unified Israel | 27 | |
| 2835180620 | King Solomon | definition: Son of King David, established Jerusalem | 28 | |
| 2835180621 | Monotheism | One God | 29 | |
| 2835180622 | Yaweh | Hebrew God | 30 | |
| 2835180623 | Jerusalem | Destroyed by the Babylonian empire | 31 | |
| 2835180624 | Torah | Religious leader's holy scripture | 32 | |
| 2835180625 | Kingdom of Isreal | Divisions of Isreal led to this under the Solomon | 33 | |
| 2835180626 | Kingdom of Judah | definition: southern part of the Palestine empire significance: result of turmoil in the reigon | 34 | |
| 2835180627 | Prophets | People who see future | 35 | |
| 2835180628 | Indo-European | Modern day ukrain. Southern Russia | 36 | |
| 2835180629 | Aryan | Nobleman or lord | 37 | |
| 2835180630 | Nile | Worlds largest river | 38 | |
| 2835180631 | Nubia | Very prosperous agricultural region | 39 | |
| 2835180632 | Cararact | Parts of Nile not navigatable due to water falls and rapids | 40 | |
| 2835180633 | Pharoah | The Egyptian ruler | 41 | |
| 2835180634 | Old kingdom | A time in Egypt where pharaohs had immense power and Egypt expanded into Nubia | 42 | |
| 2835180635 | Pyramid | Held tombs for pharaohs | 43 | |
| 2835180636 | Giza | A city of ancient Egypt that played host to Great Pyramids built for deceased Pharaohs | 44 | |
| 2835180637 | Khufu | most famous pyramid | 45 | |
| 2835180638 | Kush | Powerful kingdom established by Nubia | 46 | |
| 2835180639 | Middle Kingdom | Period of reunification in Egypt | 47 | |
| 2835180640 | New Kingdom | Period of expansion and imperialism in egypt | 48 | |
| 2835180641 | Meroe | Nubia second capital | 49 | |
| 2835180642 | Aswan | 50 | ||
| 2835180643 | Hieroglyphs | Holy Egyptian inscriptions | 51 | |
| 2835180644 | Papyrus | Paper like material that Egyptians wrote on | 52 | |
| 2835180645 | Amon/ Amon re | Primary gods of Egypt relating to the sun | 53 | |
| 2835180646 | Aten | Represented as the sons disc with rays, Aten was the Lord of the Heaven and Earth. He became the most important god during the reign of Akhenaten. | 54 | |
| 2835180647 | Mummification | Egyptian burial for pharaohs and Few nobles | 55 | |
| 2835180648 | Bantu | People who originated in central West Africa | 56 | |
| 2837582277 | Harappan society | definition: first Indian civilization significance: made technological inventions such as sewage | 57 | |
| 2837582632 | Hindu Kush | Hindu Mountain range | 58 | |
| 2837582677 | Himalayas | Highest mountains | 59 | |
| 2837582767 | Harappa | definition: large ancient city of the Indus civilization, created in present-day Pakistan | 60 | |
| 2837582808 | Mehejo-dara | definition: early Indian settlement, laid out in a grid pattern with irrigation and sewage significance: structured layout and modernly-used inventions | 61 | |
| 2837583239 | Deforestation | Killing of forests | 62 | |
| 2837583240 | Aryan | Indo-European speaking nomads who entered India from central asian stepped between 1500 bce and 1000 bce | 63 | |
| 2837583662 | Sanskrit | Sacred language of ancient India | 64 | |
| 2837583697 | Vedic age | Period in India: transition from nomadic pastoralist to settled village communities | 65 | |
| 2837583757 | Raja | definition: title given to an Indian prince or king significance: demonstrates a government | 66 | |
| 2837583758 | Caste | definition: Hindu social rank based on wealth and profession | 67 | |
| 2837583771 | Vama | definition: class of which a person was placed into according to Hindu law at birth | 68 | |
| 2837583862 | Brahman | definition: the Universal spirit of which we are all made significance: demonstrates thought and questions in after-life and creation | 69 | |
| 2837584232 | Kshatriyas | warrior lass; second highest caste | 70 | |
| 2837584274 | Vaishyas | definition: third level of Varna, merchant class of Indian society significance: social distinctions made possible by settling down and religion | 71 | |
| 2837584466 | Shudras | definition: fourth level of Varna, servant class of Indian society | 72 | |
| 2837584590 | Untouchables | LOWEST LEVEL OF INDIAN SOCIETY; not considered a real part of the caste system; often given degrading jobs; their life was extremely difficult | 73 | |
| 2837584822 | Law book of manu | definition: guidelines formed based on Hindu beliefs significance: set of laws to bring order, first ones to be based on religion | 74 | |
| 2837584953 | Upanishads | definition: group of peoples that contributed to older Vedas significance: theological advancement | 75 | |
| 2837584985 | Karma | definition: idea that a person's actions determined their incarnation | 76 | |
| 2837585250 | Mosksha | definition: idea that a person can break Samsara to join Brahman | 77 | |
| 2837585338 | Yoga | Meditation | 78 | |
| 2837607969 | Yellow River | Also known as the Huang-He river. The second longest river in China and the sixth longest in the world. The majority of ancient Chinese civilizations originated in the Yellow River Valley. | 79 | |
| 2837608014 | Loess | A fine, light silt deposited by wind and water. It constitutes the fertile soil of the Yellow River Valley in northern China. Because loess soil is not compacted, easily worked, but it leaves the region vulnerable to earthquakes. (p.58) | 80 | |
| 2837608146 | Xia Dynasty | A legendary series of monarchs of early China, traditionally dated to 2200-1766 B.C.E. | 81 | |
| 2837608195 | Shang | The dominant people in the earliest Chinese dynasty for which we have written records (ca. 1750-1027 B.C.E.). Ancestor worship, divination by means of oracle bones, and the use of bronze vessels for ritual purposes were major elements of Shang culture. | 82 | |
| 2837608243 | Zouh | The people and dynasty that took over the dominant position in north China from the Shang and created the concept of the Mandate of Heaven to justify their rule. Remembered as prosperous era in Chinese History. (p. 61) | 83 | |
| 2837608334 | Mandate of Heaven | a political theory of ancient China in which those in power were given the right to rule from a divine source | 84 | |
| 2837608796 | Oracle of Bones | In Chinese civilization, animal bones that were heated and the cracks then interpreted as prophecies. The prophecies were written on the bone and provide our earliest written sources for ancient China. | 85 | |
| 2837608889 | Book of Changes | (1122-256 B.C.E) - The Book of Changes was a popular piece during the Zhou dynasty that contained instructions for diviners in the art of foretelling the future. | 86 | |
| 2837608966 | Book of Etiquette | taught Zhou aristocrats the art of polite behavior and the proper way to conduct rituals | 87 | |
| 2837619483 | Book of History | collection of documents that justified the Zhou state and called for subjects to obey their overlords | 88 | |
| 2837610055 | Book of Songs | Ancient Chinese (Zhou) classic, also known as the Book of Poetry, and the Book of Odes. Collection of verses on light and serious themes. 311 poems complied and edited after 600 BCE. Some poems reflect conditions of the early Zhou dynasty, some have political implications because they recorded the illustrious deeds of heroic figures and ancient sage-kings, and others were hymns sung at ritual observances. Also about life, love, family, nature, daily life. | 89 | |
| 2837612149 | Yangzi River Valley | River supports even more intensive agriculture than in the yellow river basin. known in China as Chang jiang. it is about 6300 kilometer from its headwaters in the lofty Qinghai mountains of Tibet to it mouth near mordern city of nanjing and Shanghai where it empties into the East China Sea. | 90 | |
| 2837610259 | Bering straight | earth temperature rose and glaciers melted and eventually the seas once again divided asia from africa by the body of water known as the bering strait | 91 | |
| 2838976618 | Mesoamerica | The term used to describe areas of Mexicao and Central America that were civiliazed before the Spaniards arrived. | 92 | |
| 2838976809 | Maize | grew in central america. spread through eurasia and africa. -central americans created other crop domestication when game animals died out in 8000BCE, people had to eat more veggies and agri based on corn. corn developed 3000BCE and spread in other parts of americas. | 93 | |
| 2838976910 | Olmec | Early Mesoamerican society (1200-100BCE) that centered at San Lorenzo, La Venta, and Tres Zapotes; had a diet heavily centered around plants, but domesticated animals like turkeys and small dogs; built large ceremonial centers & elaborate drainage systems to divert water from their heavy rainfall to their crops especially maize. Built large stone heads and produced lots of decorative objects from jade and tools from obsidian. Systematically destroyed ceremonial centers before deserting town. Made astronomical observations and created a calendar, as well as a system of writing. | 94 | |
| 2838977023 | Maya | The Earliest Heirs to the Olmecs. They created a remarkable society in the region now occupied by southern Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, and, El Salvador. Built TERRACES designed to trap silt carried by the numerous rivers passing through the lowlands. Cultivated maize as their staple crop, also cotton for weaving fine textiles, & cocoa beans for money . | 95 | |
| 2838977103 | Tikal | political center where Temple of Jaguar was | 96 | |
| 2838977558 | Temple of the giant jaguar | a stepped pyramid rising sharply to a height of 47 meters (154 feet); dominated the skyline and represented Tikal's control over the surrounding region | 97 | |
| 2838977721 | Maya calendar | reflected a powerful urge to identify meaningful cycles of time and to understand human events in the context of those cycles. It consisted of two kinds of years, a solar year that consisted of 365 days for agriculture, and a ritual year for daily affairs. | 98 | |
| 2838978352 | Popol vuh | Mayan creation epic, taught that god created humans out of maize and water. | 99 | |
| 2838978531 | Bloodletting | Bloodshed so that gods would send rain | 100 | |
| 2838978748 | Teotihuacan | Believed to be a large theocratic agricultural village; rapidly expanded to fifty thousand; had pyramid of the sun & for the moon; all citizens lived in the city; had fine orange pottery workers | 101 | |
| 2838980273 | Chavin | A religion that spread throughout modern day Peru in 1000 B.C.E., vanished in 300 B.C.E., and used discovery of maize 2 promote fertility & specialization of labor | 102 | |
| 2838980690 | Oceania | Consists of 20,000 to 30,000 islands. These islands were inhabited by ancient people from Australia and New Guinea. The people settled in these lands in a time period when seas were very low and sailing distances were very short. | 103 | |
| 2838980826 | Aboriginal | indigenous people to Australia who began as hunter gatherers un 18th cent; used plants for food & MEDICINE | 104 | |
| 2838981090 | Lapita people | People who maintained large trade networks across seas but ceased once they had prosperous societies under kings and chiefs | 105 |
