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AP World History units 1 and 2 Flashcards

Ap World History unit 1 and unit 2 flashcards. stearns textbook

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216150739Paleolithic Age(750,000 BCE - 10,000 B.C.E.) Old Stone Age. A period of time in human history characterized by the use of stone tools and the use of hunting and gathering as a food source.0
216150741Homo erectusextinct species of primitive hominid with upright stature but small brain.. they spread in Africa, then to Asia and Europe1
216150743Homo sapiens sapiensthe species name for modern humans. They hunted food, gathered berries,more equality between genders & women breast-fed infants for several years to limit fertility2
216150744Neolithic AgeThe New stone age which went from about 8000 B.C to 3000 B.C. People who lived during this learned to polish stone tools, make pottery, advanced agriculture (grow crops), and domestication (raise animals). Made agriculture more developed.- beginning of ubranization3
216150746Bronze Age(archeology) a period between the Stone and Iron ages, characterized by the manufacture and use of bronze tools and weapons. Metal work was useful to agriculture4
216150748Çatal Hüyükan Neolithic villiage in present day Turkey. Had brick houses,had religious images, and traded hunted/ gather/grown foods. It later became part of a civilization5
216150750Mesopotamiafirst civilization located between the Tigris & Eurphrates Rivers in present day Iraq; term means "land between the rivers;" Sumerian culture. Invented the wheel already, isolated-made without previous examples, pottery6
216150752cuneiformSumerian system of writing using wedge-shaped markings, used in Mesopotamia & in Middle East7
216150754barbarianan uncivilized person8
216150756nomadspeople with no permanent home; move from place to place in search of food,9
216150758SumeriansPeople who dominated Southern Mesopotamia through the end of the 3500 BCE. Created irrigation technology, cuneiform( 1st human alphabet), system of numbers (based on units of 10,60, &360), and religious conceptions. Made ziggurats, complex religious rituals, city-states10
216150760zigguratsMassive towers, temples built by Sumerians to honor the gods and goddesses they worshiped11
216150762city-states (Sumerian)political structures which were ruled by a king who claimed divine authority12
216150764Babyloniansconquered Sumer and Akkad, Hammurabi greatest king(Middle East)13
216150766HammurabiKing of the Babylonian empire; creator of the Code of Hammurabi, one of the world's oldest codes of law.14
216150768Hammurabi's codecreated by Hammurabi, king of Babylon, established high standars of behavior and stern punishments for violators; civil laws regulated mostly everything such as wages dealings and relationships.. social inequalities15
216150770Egyptian civilizationEgyptian civilization emerged in northern Africa along the Nile River by about 3000 B.C.E. (POLYTHEISTIC & PYRAMIDS) It benefited from trade and influences from Mesopotamia, but it also produced its own distinct social structures and cultural expressions. Unlike Mesopotamia, Egyptian civilization featured very durable and centralized institutions. Mathematical achievements and impressive architectural structures also characterized Egyptian civilization.16
216150772Kush(Nubian Kingdom) An African state that developed along the upper reaches of the Nile c. 100 B.C.E.; conquered Egypt and ruled it for several centuries.- invaded Egypt17
216150774Indus River Valley civilizationcivilization from 2600 BC-1900 BC; entire Indian subcontinent-peninsula; possibly had twin capitals called Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro; well organized government18
216150775HuangheAlso known as Yellow River; early river civilization in China, site of development of sedentary agriculture in China19
216150777ideographspictographic characters grouped together to create new concepts: typical of Chinese writing20
216150779Shang1st known dynasty in China, produced 1st Chinese writing21
216150781PhoeniciansImportant trading people who lived on the coast of the eastern Mediterranean, started the greek alphabet22
216150783DaoismIt is a philosophy which is founded by Laozi in China. Daoism emphasizes living in harmony with nature. Includes ying/yang23
216150785Zhou dynastyafter Shang Dynasty; alliances with regional princes and families (feudal system)-decentralized government; invoked the "Mandate of Heaven"; Mandarin Chinese language; Confucious (philosopher), rise of Confucianism and Daoism (Taoism)... overtook Yangtze River Valley (Middle Kingdom);24
216150788Qin Dynastyestablished in 221 BCE at the end of the Warring States Period following the decline of the Zhou dynasty; founded by Qin Shi Huangdi; reorganized China into large provinces; developed strong military; centralized government; Legalism; Great Wall was built; national census introduced; had bureaucrats25
216150789Legalism...26
216150790Era of warring states(402 - 201 B.C.E.) Time period between the Zhou and Qin dynasties in which regional rulers formed independent armies and reduced emperors to little more than figureheads; during this time Zhou Dynasty died27
216150791Shi Huangdifounder of the Qin dynasty and China's first emperor: brutal ruler: started building Great Wall (forced labor); centralized government; expanded China to Hong-Kong28
216150792Han dynastyA great and long-lasting rule, it discarded the harsh policies of the Qin dynasty (Shi Huangdi) and adopted Confucian principles. Han rulers chose officials on merit rather than birth. It was a time of prosperity29
216150793Mandate of heaven...30

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