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AP world history vocab 1914/1900-present Flashcards

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6798574903anti imperialismany belief or practice which opposes imperialism0
6798591785anti semitismhostility to or prejudice against Jews1
6798594552apartheid(in South Africa) a policy or system of segregation or discrimination on grounds of race / segregation on grounds other than race2
6798605615appeasementThe action or process of appeasing / pacify or placate (someone) by acceding to their demands3
6798613463fundamentalist movementsA movement in 20th century protestantism emphasizing the literally interpreted Bible as fundamental to Christian life and teaching. Applied to politics like no abortion and gay marriage4
6798626240liberation theologymovement in Christian theology, developed mainly by Latin American Roman Catholics, that emphasizes liberation from social, political, and economic depression as an anticipation of ultimate salvation5
6798630937authoritarian regimefavoring or enforcing strict obedience to authority, especially that of the government, at the expense of personal freedom / A government that concentrates political power in an authority not responsible to the people6
6798639134bedouina nomadic arab of the desert7
6798649454biafra secessionis movementA secessionist movement with the aim of securing the resurgence of the defunct state of biafra from Nigeria8
6798656254chemically and genetically enhanced forms of agricultureex. the green revolution9
6798659620Cold warThe ideological struggle between communism (USSR) and capitalism (US) for world influence. the USSR and the US came to the brink of war during the Cuban missile crisis but never attacked one another. ended when USSR dissolved in 199110
6798672064collectivizationpolicy adopted by the Soviet government, pursued most intensively between 1929 and 1933, to transform traditional agriculture in the Soviet union and to reduce the economic power of the kulaks ( prosperous peasants)11
6798681549communismA political theory derived from Karl Marx, advocating class war and leading to a society in which all property is publicly owned and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs12
6798687168consumerismThe protection or promotion of the interests of consumers / A social and economic order and ideology that encourages the acquisition of goods and services in ever-increasing amounts13
6798694322containmentThe action or policy of preventing the expansion of a hostile country or influence / keeping communism w/in its limits, a method the US used during the cold war14
6798697401cultural convergenceThe tendency for cultures to become more alike as they increasingly share technology and organizational structures in a modern world united by improved transportation and communication15
6798699946cultural identitiesThe identity or feeling of belonging to a group / it is part of a persons self conception and self perception and is related to nationality, ethnicity, religion, social class, generation, locality, or any kind of social group that has its own distinct culture16
6798707525decolonizationdefined as the act of getting rid of colonization, or freeing a country from being dependent on another country17
6798709757deforestationThe action of clearing a wide area of trees18
6798712366desertificationThe process by which fertile land becomes desert, typically as a result of drought, deforestation, or inappropriate agriculture19
6798715281dissolutionThe closing down or dismissal of an assembly, partnership, or official body20
6798718647domesticA person who is paid to help with menial tasks such as cleaning21
6798719582draftcompulsory recruitment for military service22
6798720837economic liberalizationthe lessening of government regulations and restrictions in an economy in exchange for greater participation by private entities; the doctrine is associated with classical liberalism23
6798724495exclusionary reactionsxenophobia, race riots, citizenship restrictions24
6798731880fascisman authoritarian and nationalistic right wing system of government and social organization / A governmental system led by a dictator having complete power25
6798736792feminismThe advocacy of women's rights on the basis of the equality of the sexes26
6798739107five-year plans(especially in the former Soviet union) a government plan for economic development over five years. The first such plan in the Soviet union was inaugurated in 1928 / plans that joseph stalin introduced to industrialize the soviet union27
6798744179free-market economics/policiesan economic system in which prices are determined by unrestricted competition between privately owned businesses28
6798745515free-tradeInternational trade left to its natural course without tariffs, quotas, or other restrictions29
6798747139genocideThe deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular ethnic group or nation30
6798749146glasnost(in the former Soviet Union) the policy or practice of more open consultative government and wider dissemination of information, initiated by leader Mikhail Gorbachev from 198531
6798755647Global warmingA gradual increase in the overall temperature of the earths atmosphere generally attributed to the greenhouse effect caused by increased levels of carbon dioxide, chlorofluorocarbons, and other pollutants32
6798758731Government intervention in the economyNew deal, fascist corporatist economy, economic development, export oriented economies33
6798761298Great depressionThe economic crisis and period of low business activity in the US and other countries, roughly beginning with the stock market crash in October, 1929, and continuing through most of the 1930s34
6798765621Green/environmental movementsGreenpeace: largest independent direct environmental organization in the world/ green belt in Kenya: an indigenous grassroots non-governmental organization based in Nairobi, Kenya/ Earth Day / began in the 1970s35
6798767075Green revolutionA large increase in crop production in developing countries achieved by the use of fertilizers, pesticides, and high yield crop varieties36
6798770029greenhouse gasesA gas that contributes to the greenhouse effect by absorbing infrared radiation ( carbon dioxide and chlorofluorocarbons )37
6798774029holocaustThe killing of millions of Jews and other people by the Nazis during World War II / The mass murder of Jews under the German Nazi regime during the period 1941 to 1945. More than 6 million European Jews, as well as members of other persecuted groups, were murdered at concentration camps such as Auschwitz38
6798783338Home countriesThe country in which a person was born and usually raised, regardless of the present country of residence and citizenship39
6798785204human rightsa right that is believed to belong justifiably to every person (UN Universal declaration of human rights, women's rights, end of the white Australia policy)40
6798791981Imperial metropolesThe homeland or central territory of a colonial empire. The term was mainly used in the scope of the British, French, and Portuguese empires to designate their European territories, as opposed to their colonial or overseas territories41
6798797883Indian national Congress intensified conflicta movement and political party founded in 1885 to demand greater Indian participation in government / military dictatorship, New World order, military industrial complex, arms trading42
6798798842League of Nationsan international organization established after World War I in 1919 under the provisions of the treaty of versailles. The league, the forerunner of the United Nations, brought about much international cooperation on health, labor problems, refugee affairs, and the like43
6799405688mandatesan official order or commission to do something / The authority to carry out a policy or course of action, regarded as given by the electorate to a candidate or party that is victorious in an election44
6799411267medical innovationspolio vaccine, antibiotics, artificial heart45
6799413253militarized statesA condition in which territory is under the effective control of a for an armed force46
6799417127mobilization of a states resourcesgurkha, ANZAC, military conscription47
6799417782movements who challenged the waranti-nuclear movement, self immolation48
6799418764mujahideen/talibanguerrilla fighters in Islamic countries, especially those who are fighting against non-Muslim forces / A fundamentalist Muslim movement who's militia took control of much of Afghanistan from early 1995, and in 1996 took Kabul and set up an Islamic state49
6799422888multinational/transnational corporationshas facilities and other assets in at least one country other than its home country (Royal Dutch Shell, Coca-Cola, Sony)50
6799425158NATOThe North Atlantic Treaty Organization is an intergovernmental military alliance between several North American and European states based on the North Atlantic Treaty which was signed on April 4, 194951
6799429010New economic institutionsInternational monetary fund, World Bank, world trade organization52
6799431705New forms of spiritualityHare Krishna: western hinduism, Falun Gong: darma practice53
6799432821nonviolenceusing peaceful means rather than force, especially to bring about political or social change (non-aligned movement, anti-apartheid movement)54
6799436328nuclear weaponryA bomb or missile that uses nuclear energy to cause an explosion55
6799437563OPECThe organization of petroleum exporting countries is a group consisting of 12 of the worlds major oil exporting nations / was founded in 1960 to coordinate the petroleum policies of its members, and to provide member states with technical and economic aid / A union of oil producing countries that regulate the amount of oil each country is able to produce56
6799465250Pacific rimA geographic area surrounding the edges of the pacific ocean57
6799467439perestroika(in the former Soviet union) the policy or practice of restructuring the economic and political system. First proposed by Leonid Brezhnev in 1979 and actively promoted by Mikhail Gorbachev, perestroika originally referred to increased automation and labor efficiency, but came to entail greater awareness of economic markets and the ending of central planning58
6799472255popular cultureculture based on the taste of ordinary people rather than an educated elite (dada, socialist realism)59
6799475702population resettlements/ partitionThe movement of a large group of people from one region to another, often a form of forced migration imposed by state policy or international authority and most frequently on the basis of ethnicity or religion but also due to economic development60
6799480729propagandainformation, especially of a biased or misleading nature, used to promote or publicize a particular political cause or point of view61
6799482669proxy warsA war instigated by a major power that does not itself become involved62
6799486159Québécois separatist movementThe Quebec sovereignty movement is a political movement as well as an ideology of values, concepts, and ideas that advocates independence for the Canadian province of Quebec /in the 1960s63
6799489956redistribute land and resourcesThe distribution of something in a different way, typically to achieve greater social equality64
6799492328refugeeA person who has been forced to leave their country in order to escape war, persecution, or natural disaster65
6799494748regional trade agreementswhen a group of states within a specific region focus on trade negotiations and reforms (European Union, NAFTA, ASEAN)66
6799499395religious fundamentalismrefers to the belief of an individual or a group of individuals in the absolute authority of a sacred religious text or teachings of a particular religious leader67
6799504563Scientific paradigmsA human beings mental model of the world, which may or may not conform to that of others but is often stereotypical / in the philosophy of science, a general conception of the nature of scientific operation within which a particular scientific activity is undertaken (theory of relativity, quantum mechanics, big bang theory, psychology)68
6799510122segregationThe action or state of settling someone or something apart from other people or things or being set apart / The enforced separation of different racial groups in a country, community, or establishment69
6799511776self determinationThe process by which a country determines its own statehood and forms its own allegiances and government / The process by which a person controls their own life70
6799515316sovietsan elected local, district, or national council in the former Soviet union71
6799516995superpowersA very powerful and influential nation (used especially with reference to the US and the former Soviet union when these were perceived as the two most powerful nations in the world)72
6799518396tacticsan action or strategy carefully planned to achieve a specific end/ the art of disposing armed forces in order of battle and of organizing operations, especially during contact with an enemy (trench warfare, firebombing)73
6799521709technological stagnationA prolonged period of little or no growth in an economy74
6799524745terrorismThe unlawful use of violence and intimidation, especially against civilians, in the pursuit of political aims75
6799526270third World/developing worldarose during the cold war to define countries that remained nonaligned with either NATO, or the communist bloc76
6799532354World warsA war involving many large nations in all different parts of the world77
6799534575totalitarianismA system of government that is centralized andy dictatorial and requires complete subservience to the state / the ruler is an absolute dictator78
6799537519United Nationsan international organization formed in 1945 to increase political and economic cooperation among member countries / was founded to promote peace, security, and economic development79
6799540706Warsaw PactA military alliance of communist nations in Eastern Europe. Organized in 1955 in answer to NATO, the Warsaw Pact included Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, east Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and the Soviet Union80
6799545855women's emancipation/suffrageThe right of women to vote and to stand for electoral office. Limited voting rights were gained by women in Sweden, Finland, and some western US states in the late 19th century. National and international organizations formed to coordinate efforts to gain voting rights, especially the international woman suffrage alliance (1904)81

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