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| 80322270 | Babylon | the largest and most important city in Mesopotamia; it achieved particular eminence as the capital of the Amorite king Hammurabi and the Neo-Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar | 0 | |
| 80322271 | Sumerian | the people who dominated southern Mesopotamia; the invented irrigation, cuneiform, semitic religious conceptions | 1 | |
| 80322272 | Semitic | family of related languages long spoken across parts of western Asia & N. Africa; in antiquity these languages include Hebrew, Arab, Phoenician, Aramaic, and Akkadian | 2 | |
| 80322273 | City-State | a village and its surrounding lands | 3 | |
| 80322274 | Hammurabi's Code | a code of laws inscribed on a black stone pillar illustrating the principles to be used in legal cases based on social and gender status | 4 | |
| 80322275 | Scribe | in the governments of many ancient societies, a professional position reserved for men who had undergone the lengthy training required to be able to read and write using cuneiform, hieroglyphics, or other early, cumbersome writing systems | 5 | |
| 80322276 | Ziggurat | a massive pyramidal stepped tower made of mud bricks | 6 | |
| 80322277 | Amulet | a small charm meant to protect the bearer from evil; they reflect the religious practices of the common people | 7 | |
| 80322278 | Cuneiform | the first system of writing using wedge-shaped symbols to represent words or syllables; the Sumerians and Akkadians invented it in Mesopotamia; only scribes knew the whole language because of its huge size; it later evolved into many other west Asian languages | 8 | |
| 80322279 | Pharaoh | a king figure in Ancient Egypt; believed to be earthly manifestations of gods; absolute power | 9 | |
| 80322280 | Pyramid | a large, triangular stone monument, used in Egypt and Nubia as a burial place for the pharaoh | 10 | |
| 80322281 | Memphis | the capital of the Old Kingdom Egypt, near the head of the Nile Delta; the earliest pyramids were erected here | 11 | |
| 80322282 | Thebes | capital city of Egypt and home of the ruling dynasty during the Middle and New Kingdoms; Amon, patron deity of Thebes, became one of the chief gods of Egypt; monarchs were buried across the Nile River in the Valley of the Kings | 12 | |
| 80322283 | Hieroglyphics | one of the earliest forms of writing featuring picture symbols standing for words, syllables, or individual sounds | 13 | |
| 80322284 | Papyrus | reeds that grew along the Nile River whose stems were used to make paper | 14 | |
| 80322285 | Mummy | a body preserved by chemical processes or special natural circumstances, often in the belief that the deceased will need it again in the afterlife | 15 | |
| 80322286 | Harrapa | the site of one of the great cities of the Indus valley civilization located on the NW frontier of the zone of cultivation (modern Pakistan), and may have been a center for the acquisition of raw materials, such as metals and precious stones, from Afghanistan and Iran | 16 | |
| 80322287 | Mohenjo-Daro | largest of the cities of the Indus valley civilization; it was centrally located located in the extensive flood-plain of the Indus Valley in modern day Pakistan; large-scale construction, orderly grid of streets, standardization of building materials are evidence of central planning | 17 |
