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| 61614477 | Sui Dynasty | The short dynasty between the Han and the Tang; built the Grand Canal, strengthened the government, and introduced Buddhism to China | 0 | |
| 61614478 | Tang Dynasty | dynasty often referred to as China's Golden age that reigned during 618 - 907 AD; China expands from Vietnam to Manchuria | 1 | |
| 61614479 | Grand Canal | The 1,100-mile (1,700-kilometer) waterway linking the Yellow and the Yangzi Rivers. It was begun in the Han period and completed during the Sui Empire. (p. 277) | 2 | |
| 61614480 | Annam | Vietnam province of China for around 1,000 years. | 3 | |
| 61614481 | Shinto | the native religion of Japan | 4 | |
| 61614482 | Celts | Early inhabitants of Britain, who were conquered by Romans | 5 | |
| 62020456 | Goths | a heterogeneous East Germanic tribe; were eventually converted to Christianity; After the Huns invaded the Gothic region from the east, many Goths were subdued and integrated into the Hunnic Empire, others were pushed towards the Roman Empire. | 6 | |
| 62020457 | Justinian I | Byzantine emperor who held the eastern frontier of his empire against the Persians | 7 | |
| 62020458 | Justinian Code | The body of Roman law collected by order of the Byzantine emperor, Justinian around A.D. 534 | 8 | |
| 62020459 | Iconoclasm | a challenge to or overturning of traditional beliefs, customs, and values, any movement against the religious use of images | 9 | |
| 62020460 | Orthodoxy | state of following established teachings especially in religion | 10 | |
| 62020461 | Carolingians | the family that ruled the Franks in Gaul from 751 to 987 in the Carolingian Dynasty. This began when Pepin was declared king. They lost power after the Treaty of Verdun. | 11 | |
| 62020462 | Charlemagne | King of the Franks (r. 768-814); emperor (r. 800-814). Through a series of military conquests he established the Carolingian Empire, which encompassed all of Gaul and parts of Germany and Italy. Illiterate, though started an intellectual revival. | 12 | |
| 62020463 | Carolingian renaissance | period of intellectual, cultural, and economic revival occurring in the late eighth and ninth centuries, with the peak of the activities occurring during the reigns of both Charlemagne and Louis the Pious. | 13 | |
| 62020464 | Quran | the sacred writings of Islam revealed by God to the prophet Muhammad during his life at Mecca and Medina | 14 | |
| 62020465 | Mecca | the holiest city of Islam; Muhammad's birthplace | 15 | |
| 62020466 | Ka'aba | (Islam) a black stone building in Mecca that is shaped like a cube and that is the most sacred Muslim pilgrim shrine | 16 | |
| 62020467 | Hajj | the fifth pillar of Islam is a pilgrimage to Mecca during the month of Dhu al-Qadah | 17 | |
| 62020468 | Jihad | a holy struggle or striving by a Muslim for a moral or spiritual or political goal | 18 | |
| 62020469 | Dar al-Islam | Areas where Muslims are the majority | 19 | |
| 62020470 | Hijra | The Migration of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina in A.D. 622, marking the founding of Islam | 20 | |
| 62020471 | Sunni | a member of the branch of Islam that accepts the first four caliphs as rightful successors to Muhammad | 21 | |
| 62020472 | Shi'a | a Muslim group that accepts only the descendants of Muhammed's son-in-law Ali as the true rulers of Islam | 22 | |
| 62020473 | Ali | the fourth caliph of Islam who is considered to be the first caliph by Shiites | 23 | |
| 62020474 | Imam | (Islam) the man who leads prayers in a mosque | 24 | |
| 62020475 | Mahdi | the Muslim messiah, an expected spiritual and temporal ruler destined to establish a reign of righteousness throughout the world. | 25 | |
| 62020476 | Muhammed | The prophet and founder of Islam | 26 | |
| 62020477 | Haditha | a city in the western Iraqi Al Anbar Governorate, about 240 km northwest of Baghdad; predominantly Sunni Muslims | 27 | |
| 62020478 | Ummayyad | Clan of Quraysh that dominated politics and commercial economy of Mecca. | 28 | |
| 62020479 | Abbasid | The dynasty that came after the Umayyads. Devoted their energy to trade, scholorship, and the arts. | 29 | |
| 62020480 | Fatimids | people who claimed they were descended by Muhammad's daughter Fatima. The Shi'a Muslims formed the Fatimid Caliphate around 1258 in North Africa but it eventually spread to western Arabia and Syria. | 30 | |
| 62020481 | Seljuk Turks | nomadic Turks from Asia who conquered Baghdad in 1055 and allowed the caliph to remain only as a religious leader. they governed strictly | 31 | |
| 62020482 | Ulama | Muslim religious scholars. From the ninth century onward, the primary interpreters of Islamic law and the social core of Muslim urban societies. | 32 | |
| 62020483 | Sufis | a mystical Muslim group that believed they could draw closer to God through prayer, fasting, and a simple life | 33 | |
| 62020484 | Delhi Sultanate | A Muslim leader of Ghur who defeated Hindu armies made Delhi, the third largest city of India, his capital. | 34 | |
| 62020485 | Ghana | First known kingdom in sub-Saharan West Africa between the sixth and thirteenth centuries C.E. Also the modern West African country once known as the Gold Coast. | 35 | |
| 62020486 | Mali | Empire created by indigenous Muslims in western Sudan of West Africa from the thirteenth to fifteenth century. It was famous for its role in the trans-Saharan gold trade. | 36 | |
| 62020487 | Sundiata | the founder of Mali empire. He crushed his enemies and won control of the gold trade routes | 37 | |
| 62020488 | Mansa Musa | this Mali king brought Mali to its peak of power and wealth from 1312 the 1337; he was the most powerful king in west africa | 38 | |
| 62020489 | Dhimmi | Literally "people of the book"; applied as inclusive term to Jews and Christians in Islamic territories; later extended to Zoroastrians and even Hindus & Buddhists | 39 | |
| 62020490 | Crusade | any of the more or less continuous military expeditions in the 11-13th centuries when Christian powers of Europe tried to recapture the Holy Land from the Muslims | 40 | |
| 62020491 | Caliph | the civil and religious leader of a Muslim state considered to be a representative of Allah on earth | 41 | |
| 62020492 | Abu Bakr | Companion of 1st muslim leader after Muhammad. Regarded by Sunni's as the 1st caliph and rightful succesor. The Shi'ah regard him as a traitor of Muhammad. Known as best interpretter of dreams following Muhammad's death. | 42 | |
| 62020493 | Free Market Economy | capitalism; an economic system based on private ownership and on the investment of money in business ventures in order to make a profit | 43 | |
| 62020494 | Tenochititlan | the capital city of the Aztecs | 44 | |
| 62020495 | Sahel | a strip of dry grasslands on the southern border of the Sahara; also known as "the shore of the desert" | 45 | |
| 62020496 | Songhay | Sucessor of Mali; dominated middle reaches of the Niger valley; capital at Gao | 46 | |
| 62020497 | Axum | a town of northern Ethiopia. From the first to the eighth century A.D. it was the capital of an empire that controlled much of northern Ethiopia | 47 | |
| 62020498 | Great Zimbabwe | City, now in ruins (in the modern African country of Zimbabwe), whose many stone structures were built between about 1250 and 1450, when it was a trading center and the capital of a large state. | 48 | |
| 62020499 | Jong | Chinese surname more commonly represented as Yang | 49 | |
| 62020500 | Marco Polo | Venetian merchant and traveler. His accounts of his travels to China offered Europeans a firsthand view of Asian lands and stimulated interest in Asian trade | 50 | |
| 62020501 | Song Dynasty | the imperial dynasty of China from 960 to 1279; noted for art and literature and philosophy | 51 | |
| 62020502 | Pax Mongolica | -Mongol Peace-used to describe the eased communication and commerce the unified administration helped to create | 52 | |
| 62020503 | Ibn Battuta | Moroccan Muslim scholar, the most widely traveled individual of his time. He wrote a detailed account of his visits to Islamic lands from China to Spain and the western Sudan. | 53 | |
| 62020504 | Temujin/ Chinggis Khan | The Mongol leader who led the Mongols to take over the Chinese, Muslims, and some of the Europeans | 54 | |
| 62020505 | Black Death | the epidemic form of bubonic plague experienced during the Middle Ages when it killed nearly half the people of western Europe | 55 | |
| 62020506 | Kublai Khan | Mongolian emperor of China and grandson of Genghis Khan who completed his grandfather's conquest of China | 56 | |
| 62020507 | Vikings | Scandinavian pirates who plundered the coasts of Europe from the 8th to 10th centuries. | 57 | |
| 62020508 | Leif Eriksson | The son of Erik the Red. He sailed from west Norway to Greenland but strong winds blew his ship off course and carried him all the way to the North American coast | 58 | |
| 62020509 | Wiliiam The Conqueror | The duke of Normandy, a province of France, and the leader of the Norman Conquest of England. He defeated the English forces at the Battle of Hastings in 1066 and became the first Norman king of England. | 59 | |
| 62020510 | Battle of Lepanto | Turkish sea power was destroyed in 1571 by a league of Christian nations organized by the Pope | 60 | |
| 62020511 | Guilds | business associations that dominated medieval towns; they passed laws, levied taxes, built protective walls for the city, etc. Each guild represented workers in one occupation such as weavers, bakers, brewers, sword makers, etc. | 61 | |
| 62020512 | Feudalism | a political and social system that developed during the Middle Ages; nobles offered protection and land in return for service | 62 |
