Terms : Hide Images
| 259599451 | Mecca | city in in western Arabia; birthplace of the prophet Muhammad, and ritual center of the Islamic religion | 0 | |
| 259599452 | Muhammad | Arab prophet; founder of the religion islam | 1 | |
| 259599453 | muslim | an adherent of the Islamic religion; one who "submits" to the will of god | 2 | |
| 259599454 | Islam | Religion expounded by the Prophet Muhhamad (570-632) on the basis of his reception of divine revelations, which were collected after his death into the Quran. In the tradition of Judaism and Christianity, and sharing much of their lore, Islam calls on all people to recognize one created god-Allah- who rewards or punnishes believers after death according to how they led their lives | 3 | |
| 259599455 | Medina | city in western Arabia to whic the prophet Muhammad and his followers emigrated in 622 to escape presecution in Mecca | 4 | |
| 259599456 | umma | the community of all muslims. A major innovation against the backround of 7th century Arabia, where traditionally kinship rather than faith had determined Membership in a community | 5 | |
| 259599457 | caliphate | office established in succession to the Prophet Muhammad, to rule the Islamic empire, also the name of that empire | 6 | |
| 259599458 | Quran | Book composed of divine revelations made by prophet Muhammad between ca. 610 and his death 632; the sacred text of religion Islam | 7 | |
| 259599459 | Umayyad Caliphate | First hereditary dynasty of Muslim caliphs (661 to 750). From their capital at Damascus, the Umayyads ruled an empire that extended from Spain to India. Overthrown by the Abbasid Caliphate | 8 | |
| 259599460 | Shi'ites | Muslims belonging to the branch of Islam believing that god vests leadership of the community in a descendant of Muhammad's son in law Ali. Shi'ism is the state religion in Iran. | 9 | |
| 259599461 | Sunnis | "People of Tradition & Community" Conisder caliphs to be Imams + supported 1st three caliphs; Muslims belonging to brach of Islam believing that the community should select it's own leadership. The majority religion of most Islamic communities | 10 | |
| 259599462 | Abbasid Caliphate | Descendant of the Prophet Muhammad's uncle, al-abbas, the abbasids overthrew the Umayyad Caliphate and ruled an Islamic empire from their capital in Baghdaad founded 762 from 750 to 1258 | 11 | |
| 259599463 | mamluks | Under the Islamic system of military slavery, turkic military slaves who formed an important part of the armed forces of the Abbasid caliphate of the 9th and 10th centuries. Mamluks eventually founded their own state, ruling Egypt and Syria (1250-15170 | 12 | |
| 259599464 | Ghana | First known kingdom of sub saharan west Africa between 6th and 13th centuries c.e. also the modern west African country once known as the Gold Coast | 13 | |
| 259599465 | ulama | .Muslim religious scholars. from the 9th century onward, the primary interpretors of islamic law and the social core of Muslim urban societies | 14 | |
| 259599466 | hadith | a tradition relating the words or deeds of the Prohet Muhammad; next to the Quran, the most important basis for Islamic Law | 15 |
