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| 10502060010 | Paleothic Age | Old Stone Age, ending in 12.000 A.C. ; typified by he use of crude stone tools and hunting and gathering for subsistence | 0 | |
| 10502060011 | Homo sapiens | The humanoid species that emerged as most successful at the end of the Paleolithic period. | 1 | |
| 10502060012 | Neolithic Age | The New Stone Age between 8000 and 5000 B.C.E.; period in which adaptation of sedentary agriculture occurred; domestication of plants and animals accomplished | 2 | |
| 10502060013 | Neolithic Revolution | The succession of technological innovations and changes in human organization that led to the development of agriculture, 8500-3500 B.C.E. | 3 | |
| 10502060014 | hunting and gathering | The original human economy, ultimately eclipsed by agriculture; groups hunt for meat and forage for grains, nuts, and berries. | 4 | |
| 10502060015 | Catal Huyuk | Early urban culture based on sedentary agriculture; located in modern southern Turkey; was larger in population than Jericho, had greater degree of social stratification. | 5 | |
| 10502060016 | Bronze Age | From about 4000 B.C.E., when bronze tools were first introduced in the Middle East, to about 1500 B.C.E., when iron began to replace it. | 6 | |
| 10502060017 | Nomads | Cattle- and sheep-herding societies normally found on the fringes of civilized societies; commonly referred to as "barbarian" by civilized societies | 7 | |
| 10502060018 | civilization | Societies distinguished by reliance on sedentary agriculture, ability to produce food surpluses, and existence of non-farming elites, as well as merchant and manufacturing groups. | 8 | |
| 10502060019 | Mesopotamia | Literally "between the rivers"; the civilizations that arose in the alluvial plain of the Tigris and Euphrates river valleys | 9 | |
| 10502060020 | Sumerians | People who migrated into Mesopotamia c. 4000 B.C.E.; created first civilization within region; organized area into city-states. | 10 | |
| 10502060021 | Cuneiform | A form of writing developed by the Sumerians using a wedge shaped stylus and clay tablets. | 11 | |
| 10502060022 | Ziggurats | Massive towers usually associated with Mesopotamian temple complexes. | 12 | |
| 10502060023 | Babylonians | Unified all of Mesopotamia c. 1800 B.C.E.; empire collapsed due to foreign invasion c. 1600 B.C.E. | 13 | |
| 10502060024 | Hammurabi | The most important ruler of the Babylonian empire; responsible for codification of law.(1792-1750 b.c.e) | 14 | |
| 10502060025 | Pyramids | monumental architecture typical of Old Kingdom Egypt; used as burial sites for pharaohs. | 15 | |
| 10502060026 | Kush | An African state that developed along the upper reaches of the Nile c. 100 B.C.E.; conquered Egypt and ruled it for several centuries. | 16 | |
| 10502060027 | Indus River | River sources in Himalayas to mouth in Arabian Sea; location of Harappan civilization. | 17 | |
| 10502060028 | Harappa | Along with Mohenjodaro, major urban complex of the Harappan civilization; laid out on planned grid pattern. | 18 | |
| 10502060029 | Aryans | Indo-European nomadic pastoralists who replaced Harappan civilization; militarized society | 19 | |
| 10502060030 | Vedas | Aryan hymns originally transmitted orally but written down in sacred books from the 6th century B.C.E. | 20 | |
| 10502060031 | Mahabharata | Indian epic of war, princely honor, love, and social duty; written down in the last centuries BCE; previously handed down in oral form | 21 | |
| 10502060032 | Ramayana | One of the great epic tales from classical India; traces adventures of King Rama and his wife, Sita; written 4th to 2nd centuries B.C.E. | 22 | |
| 10502060033 | Upanishads | Later books of the Vedas; contained sophisticated and sublime philosophical ideas; utilized by Brahmans to restore religious authority | 23 | |
| 10502060034 | yellow river | Also known as the Huanghe; site of development of sedentary agriculture in China. | 24 | |
| 10502060035 | Shang | First Chinese dynasty for which archeological evidence exists; capital located in Ordos bulge of the Huanghe; flourished 1600 to 1046 B.C.E. | 25 | |
| 10502060036 | Olmecs | People of a cultural tradition that arose at San Lorenzo and La Venta in Mexico c. 1200 B.C.E.; featured irrigated agriculture, urbanism, elaborate religion, beginnings of calendrical and writing systems. | 26 | |
| 10502060037 | Chavin de Huantar | Chavin culture appeared in highlands of Andes between 1800 and 1200 B.C.E.; typified by ceremonial centers with large stone buildings; greatest ceremonial center was Chavin de Huantar; characterized by artistic motifs. | 27 | |
| 10502060038 | Phoenicians | Seafaring civilization located on the shores of the eastern Mediterranean; established colonies throughout the Mediterranean | 28 | |
| 10502060039 | Monotheism | The exclusive worship of a single god; introduced by the Jews into Western civilization. | 29 | |
| 10502060040 | afro-eurasia | A super continent that comprises Africa and Eurasia | 30 | |
| 10502060041 | agrarian | relating to land; relating to the management or farming of land | 31 | |
| 10502060042 | Animism | the doctrine that all natural objects and the universe itself have souls | 32 | |
| 10502060043 | Before Common Era (BCE) | of the period prior to Christian Era. Previously BC | 33 | |
| 10502060044 | circa | When noting dates the letter "c." before a date represents what? (example: Jesus was born c. 5 BCE). It means approximately. | 34 | |
| 10502060045 | Common Era (CE) | refers to period of time began after the birth of jesus christ | 35 | |
| 10502060046 | Culture | the arts and other manifestations of human intellectual achievement regarded collectively. | 36 | |
| 10502060047 | divine | of, from, or like God or a god. | 37 | |
| 10502060048 | eglitarian | of, relating to, or believing in the principle that all people are equal and deserve equal rights and opportunities. | 38 | |
| 10502060049 | Eurasia | the combined continent of Europe and Asia | 39 | |
| 10502060050 | hierarchy | a system or organization in which people or groups are ranked one above the other according to status or authority. | 40 | |
| 10502060051 | indigenous | originating or occurring naturally in a particular place; native. | 41 | |
| 10502060052 | kin | relatives | 42 | |
| 10502060053 | lineage | lineal descent from an ancestor; ancestry or pedigree. | 43 | |
| 10502060054 | matriarchy | a system of society or government ruled by a woman or women. | 44 | |
| 10502060055 | Metallurgy | the branch of science and technology concerned with the properties of metals and their production and purification. | 45 | |
| 10502060056 | Migration | movement of people from one place to another | 46 | |
| 10502060057 | Monotheistic | relating to or characterized by the belief that there is only one God. | 47 | |
| 10502060058 | patriarchy | a system of society or government in which the father or eldest male is head of the family and descent is traced through the male line | 48 | |
| 10502060059 | Periodization | an act or instance of dividing a subject into historical eras for purposes of analysis and study. | 49 | |
| 10502060060 | Polytheistic | the doctrine that there is more than one god or many gods | 50 | |
| 10502060061 | Revolution | a forcible overthrow of a government or social order in favor of a new system. | 51 | |
| 10502060062 | Secular | denoting attitudes, activities, or other things that have no religious or spiritual basis. | 52 | |
| 10502060063 | Shaman | a person regarded as having access to, and influence in, the world of good and evil spirits, especially among some peoples of northern Asia and North America. Typically such people enter a trance state during a ritual, and practice divination and healing. | 53 | |
| 10502060064 | ascetic | a person who practices severe self-discipline and abstention | 54 | |
| 10502060065 | Alms | money or food given to poor people | 55 | |
| 10502060066 | archaic | ancient; old-fashioned | 56 | |
| 10502060067 | austerity | sternness or severity of manner or attitude | 57 | |
| 10502060068 | Autocracy | a system of government by one person with absolute power. | 58 | |
| 10502060069 | Aristocracy | the highest class in certain societies, especially those holding hereditary titles or offices. | 59 | |
| 10502060070 | barbarian | a member of a community or tribe not belonging to one of the great civilizations | 60 | |
| 10502060071 | Bureaucracy | a system of government in which most of the important decisions are made by state officials rather than by elected representatives. | 61 | |
| 10502060072 | Caste | the system of dividing society into hereditary classes | 62 | |
| 10502060073 | city-state | a city that with its surrounding territory forms an independent state.(athens and sparta of greece) | 63 | |
| 10502060074 | Clergy | the body of all people ordained for religious duties, especially in the Christian Church. | 64 | |
| 10502060075 | concubine | a woman who lives with a man but has lower status than his wife or wives(polygamous societies) | 65 | |
| 10502060076 | cultural diffusion | the spreading out of culture, culture traits, or a cultural pattern from a central point. | 66 | |
| 10502060077 | deity | a god or goddess (in a polytheistic religion). | 67 | |
| 10502060078 | Democracy | a system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives. | 68 | |
| 10502060079 | domestic | relating to the running of a home or to family relations;existing or occurring inside a particular country,not foreign or international | 69 | |
| 10502060080 | Dowry | property or money brought by a bride to her husband on their marriage | 70 | |
| 10502060081 | Dynasty | a line of hereditary rulers of a country. | 71 | |
| 10502060082 | Eunuch | a man who has been castrated, especially (in the past) one employed to guard the women's living areas at an oriental court. | 72 | |
| 10502060083 | filial | of or due from a son or daughter | 73 | |
| 10502060084 | mandate | an official order or commission to do something. | 74 | |
| 10502060085 | maritime | connected with the sea, especially in relation to seafaring commercial or military activity. | 75 | |
| 10502060086 | merchant | a person or company involved in wholesale trade, especially one dealing with foreign countries or supplying merchandise to a particular trade. | 76 | |
| 10502060087 | monastic | Relating to or resembling a monastery (where monks or nuns live), esp. by being quiet, secluded, contemplative, strict, and/or lacking luxuries | 77 | |
| 10502060088 | orthodox | conforming to what is generally or traditionally accepted as right or true; established and approved. | 78 | |
| 10502060089 | Pagan | a person holding religious beliefs other than those of the main world religions | 79 | |
| 10502060090 | paternal | of or like a father | 80 | |
| 10502060091 | peasant | a poor farmer of low social status who owns or rents a small piece of land for cultivation | 81 | |
| 10502060092 | Syncretic | the attempted reconciliation or union of different or opposing principles, practices, or parties. | 82 | |
| 10502060093 | Tariff | a tax or duty to be paid on a particular class of imports and exports | 83 |
