Terms : Hide Images
| 2853727363 | Benvenuto Cellini | A goldsmith and sculptor who wrote an autobiography, famous for its arrogance and immodest self-praise. | 0 | |
| 2853730579 | Condottiere | A mercenary soldier of a political ruler. | 1 | |
| 2853733930 | Humanism | The recovery and study of classical authors and writings | 2 | |
| 2853736178 | Individualism | The emphasis on the unique and creative personally. | 3 | |
| 2853737100 | New Monarchs | The term applied to Louis XI of France, Henry VII of England, and Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain, who strengthened their monarchical authority often by Machiavellian means. | 4 | |
| 2853738922 | Rationalism | The application and use of reason in understanding and explaining events. | 5 | |
| 2853739923 | Renaissance | The period from 1400 to 1600 that witnessed a transformation of cultural and intellectual values from primarily Christian to classical or secular ones. | 6 | |
| 2853741456 | Secularism | The emphasis on the here and-now rather than on the spiritual and otherworldly. | 7 | |
| 2853742816 | Lorenzo Valla | A humanist who used historical criticism to discredit an eighth-century document giving the papacy jurisdiction over Western lands. | 8 | |
| 2853744567 | Virtu | The striving for personal excellence | 9 | |
| 2853746005 | Pope Julius II | pope from 1503 to 1513. Known as the "Warrior Pope" and for his patronage in the arts of Renaisance Art. He commissioned Michelangelo to create his tomb known (which features "Moses" and the Sistine Chapel | 10 | |
| 2853747456 | Sistine Chapel- | Famous for its architecture and painting which include Michaelangelo's ceiling (Creation of Man), and Raphael's School of Athens | 11 | |
| 2853748691 | renaissance | The period from 1400 to 1600 that witnessed a transformation of cultural and intellectual values from primarily Christian to classical or secular ones. Four Keys to Renaissance; Humanism, Secularism, Rationalism, Individualism | 12 | |
| 2853751627 | Republic- | a form of government in which the people, or some significant portion of them, retain supreme control over the government; no monarch. (Has some form of representation) | 13 | |
| 2853751628 | Condottiere | A mercenary soldier of a political ruler. | 14 | |
| 2853752622 | Signoria | governing authority or lordship in many of the Italian city-states during the medieval and Renaissance periods. | 15 | |
| 2853753521 | Ciompi- | "the wooden shoes." Rose up in a revolt in Florence in 1378 against the popolo grasso in demands for a voice in the commune's government. | 16 | |
| 2853754994 | Cosimo de Medici | the first of the Medici political dynasty; established an oligarchy in Florence with his wealth and power; patron of the arts | 17 | |
| 2853756325 | Lorenzo the Magnificent- | grandson of Cosimo de Medici; de facto ruler of the Florentine Republic during the Italian Renaissance; patron of scholars, artists and poets. | 18 | |
| 2853756986 | Petrarch | Father of Humanism; a Tuscan humanist poet during the Renaissance who wrote "Letters to Boccaccio" and "Letters to Laura". Known for his expertise in the Latin language, had fondness for Cicero. | 19 | |
| 2853757797 | Humanism | The recovery and study of classical (Greek & Roman) authors and writings. i.e. Lorenzo Valla (Donation of Constantine document that disproved the authority of the Roman Church | 20 | |
| 2853757798 | Leonardo da Vinci | described as the true renaissance man because of his diverse talents. Great painter of the renaissance paintings such as The Last Supper, Virgin on the Rocks and the Mona Lisa. His journals inquire ideas beyond his time and his ingenious. | 21 | |
| 2853759232 | Raphael | Italian painter and architect of the high renaissance. Paintings- School of Athens portrays the 4 renaissance values. (know about the painting | 22 | |
| 2853760850 | Neo-Platonism | modern term for a school of religious and mystical philosophy based on the teachings of Plato. | 23 | |
| 2853760851 | Giotto di Bondone | Considered one of the first great artists who contributed to the Italian Renaissance. Famous for his Scrovegni Chapel in Padua. Often known as Father of Renaissance Art. | 24 | |
| 2853761932 | Perspective | a development in Renaissance art which shows depth, vanishing point. | 25 | |
| 2853762947 | Mannerism | a type of art that emerged from the later years of the high renaissance artists such as Da Vinci, Raphael, and early Michelangelo. I.e. Michelangelo's Sistine chapel ceiling. | 26 | |
| 2853762948 | Peace of Lodi- | Brought four decades of peace to the Italian city-states of Florence, Milan, and Naples | 27 | |
| 2853767083 | Girolamo Savonarola | Italian Dominican friar; He was known for his book burning (Bonfires of the Vanity), destruction of what he considered immoral art, and his perception of what he thought the Renaissance should be - focused on "true" religion. Eventually burned as a heretic | 28 | |
| 2853767084 | Niccolo Machiavelli | Renaissance political author; wrote "The Prince" describing how to be a ruler. (The End Justifies the Means) | 29 | |
| 2853768168 | Francesco Sforza | Part of the most successful dynasty of the condottieri - he himself was a condottieri. He ruled Milan for the first half of the Renaissance era - Duke of Milan. | 30 | |
| 2853768933 | Jacob Fugger | A trader who amassed a huge fortune using double-entry bookkeeping and began to loan money to rulers, funding dynastic wars between states. economic prosperity shows the larger growth of the economy and use of bills of exchange in Europe. | 31 | |
| 2853770059 | Ottoman Empire | , an Islamic state, held territory in Southeast Europe, and their influence was feared by Christian Europe. Their economic expansion also fueled trade in new European states. | 32 | |
| 2853770972 | Civil, Canon, and Customary Law | : Civil law is descendant from Roman, codified law that had been passed down for centuries and was imposed by rulers. Canon law is the Church's law, established by the pope and gave the Bible authority. Customary law was the codification of customs that sprung up independently among regular people. Most places were governed by a combination of the three. | 33 | |
| 2853773231 | Peasants | were the majority of the populace. They were poor, dirty people, completely controlled by the nobles and dependent on the nobles for protection in exchange for labor and most of what they earned. | 34 | |
| 2853773240 | Feudalism | the medieval system in place at the course's beginning, involved the nobles controlling the peasants and extracting services and goods from them. Stronger state structures (in other words, monarchies) eventually replaced this | 35 | |
| 2853775277 | Subsistence Economy | in which individuals make just enough on the land to support themselves, was dominant in early modern Europe. It was eventually replaced by a monetary economy that involved trade. | 36 | |
| 2853776075 | Carnival | The Church celebration in which peasants were briefly released from their obligations, allowed to be merry and enjoy themselves. | 37 | |
| 2853776899 | Nuclear Family | A couple with children was the main family unit of early modern Europe. | 38 | |
| 2853777844 | Guilds | were associations of artisans and merchants who regulated production and distribution to protect their own economic interests and hold monopolies over their fields. | 39 | |
| 2853779250 | Cottage Industry | The system in which merchant-capitalists avoided guild monopolies by outsourcing work to peasants in the countryside, who would work cheaply. It was an important part of manufacturing for centuries. | 40 | |
| 2853779251 | City-State | began to develop in about 1100, able to establish control over towns and villages. This came at the expense of traditional states like the Byzantine Empire and Holy Roman Empire | 41 | |
| 2853780422 | Town air makes free air | In feudalism, towns were free zones, as nobles did not impose obligations within towns. Contastingly, those who lived in the countryside were crushed by nobility. | 42 | |
| 2853781245 | Parliament: | A political representative body, originally only of nobles, that constrained royal authority by giving the people (however small a percentage) a voice and role in government. It began in England and began the English tradition of consulting the nobles in politics. | 43 | |
| 2853782142 | Holy Roman Empire | encompassed a great number of tiny states, over which the Emperor had very little control. The Emperor could not raise armies or impose authority outside of his own state, and over history became increasingly powerless. | 44 | |
| 2853783432 | he Habsburg dynasty, or the Holy Roman Empire | aggregated power in Central Europe through the late medieval period. By the time of Charles V, (who controlled what is now Austria as well as many small German states) were a major European power. In 1521, split into the Spanish and Austrian branches, and the family generally sat on both thrones. For many years, they retained major power, but by the 1800s had become powerless due to their lack of true authority. are characterized by extreme Catholicism, desire to establish or hold strong divine-right monarchy, and long-standing animosity with the French emperors throughout European history. From the beginning of the course on, become less and less powerful. | 45 | |
| 2853784511 | Johann Gutenberg | , the inventor of the printing press in the German town of Maintz, printed the first books (Bibles). The advent of the printing press fueled literacy and knowledge, as books could be widely reproduced and disseminated. | 46 |
