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AP World History Vocabulary 51-75 Flashcards

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4732580920Alexander the Great (||| of Macedon)was a King of the Ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon and a member of the Argead dynasty. (20/21 July 356 BC - 10/11 June 323 BC)0
4732612924Himalayas, are a mountain range in Asia separating the plains of the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau. The Himalayan range is home to the planet's highest peaks, including the highest, Mount Everest.1
4732613509Monsoontraditionally defined as a seasonal reversing wind accompanied by corresponding changes in precipitation, but is now used to describe seasonal changes in atmospheric circulation and precipitation associated with the asymmetric heating of land and sea.2
4732615816Sanskritis the classical language of Indian and the liturgical language of Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism. It is also one of the 22 official languages of India. The name means "refined", "consecrated" and "sanctified".3
4732615817Untouchablesis the low status of certain social groups confined to menial and despised jobs. It is usually associated with the Hindu caste system, but similar groups exist outside Hinduism (low caste)4
4732616265Caste Systemwhich divides Hindus into rigid hierarchical groups based on their karma (work) and dharma (the Hindi word for religion, but here it means duty) is generally accepted to be more than 3,000 years old.5
4732626199Varnasthe four Hindu castes, Brahman, Kshatriya, Vaishya, and Shudra.6
4732628369Chandragupta Mauryawas the founder of the Maurya Empire and the first emperor to unify most of Greater India into one state. He ruled from 324 BCE until his voluntary retirement and abdication in favour of his son, Bindusara, in 297 BCE., he was a pivotal figure in the history of India.(321 - 297 BCE)7
4732629021Mauryan, was a geographically extensive Iron Age historical power in ancient India, ruled by the Maurya dynasty from 322-185 BCE C.M extended the borders of the Empire towards Seleucid Persia after defeating Seleucus circa 305 B.C.E.8
4732629022AshokaOne of India's greatest emperors, (from c. 268 to 232 BCE) reigned over a realm that stretched from the Hindu Kush mountains in Afghanistan to the modern state of Bangladesh in the east. It covered the entire Indian subcontinent except parts of present-day Tamil Nadu and Kerala. The empire's capital was Pataliputra (in Magadha, present-day Bihar), with provincial capitals at Taxila and Ujjain.9
4732632555DharmaIn Hinduism- signifies behaviours that are considered to be in accord with rta, the order that makes life and universe possible,and includes duties, rights, laws, conduct, virtues and ''right way of living''. In Buddhism - means "cosmic law and order", but is also applied to the teachings of the Buddha.In Buddhist philosophy, dhamma/dharma is also the term for "phenomena"] In Jainism -refers to the teachings of tirthankara (Jina) and the body of doctrine pertaining to the purification and moral transformation of human beings. For Sikhs, -the word dharm means the "path of righteousness".10
4732633285KushansEmpire was a syncretic empire, formed by Yuezhi, in the Bactrian territories in the early 1st century11
4732633678GuptasEmpire was an ancient Indian empire, founded by Sri Gupta, which existed at its zenith from approximately 320 to 550 CE and covered much of the Indian subcontinent.[1] The peace and prosperity created under the leadership of the Guptas enabled the pursuit of scientific and artistic endeavours.[2][unreliable source?] This period is called the Golden Age of India12
4732638928Kautilya(also known as Chanakya, c. 350-275 BCE) was an Indian statesman and philosopher, chief advisor and Prime Minister of the Indian Emperor Chandragupta, the first ruler of the Mauryan Empire. belonged to the Brahmin caste (the priestly class), he was originally from Northern India13
4732638929Hinduismis a religion, or a way of life,found most notably in India and Nepal. With over one billion followers,It is the world's third largest religion by population, and the majority religion in India, Nepal, Mauritius and Bali14
4732639507GurusSanskrit term that connotes someone who is a "teacher, guide, expert, or master" of certain knowledge or field. In pan-Indian traditions, is someone more than a teacher, traditionally a reverential figure to the student, with the guru serving as a "counselor, who helps mold values, shares experiential knowledge as much as literal knowledge, an exemplar in life, an inspirational source and who helps in the spiritual evolution of a student." The term also refers to someone who primarily is one's spiritual guide, who helps one to discover the same potentialities that the ___has already realized.15
4732642621Vishnuis one of the three main male dieties in Hinduism. Along with Shiva the destroyer and Brahma the creator, together known as the trimurti. He is the formless Supreme God Svayam Bhagavan of Vaishnavism (one of the principal denominations of Hinduism),[1] and he is also known as Naray ana and Hari. As one of the five primary forms of God in the Smarta tradition,[1] he is conceived as "the Preserver or the Protector16
4732642622ShivaMeaning "The Auspicious" is one of the three major deities of Hinduism. He is the chief within Shaivism, one of the three most influential denominations in contemporary Hinduism. He is one of the five primary forms of God in the Smarta Tradition, and "the Destroyer". Judaism-a period of seven days' formal mourning for the dead, beginning immediately after the funeral17
4732648635Nirvanaa transcendent state in which there is neither suffering, desire, nor sense of self, and the subject is released from the effects of karma and the cycle of death and rebirth. It represents the final goal of Buddhism.18
4732649368Reincarnationthe rebirth of a soul in a new body.19
4732652701Stupasa dome-shaped structure erected as a Buddhist shrine. Typically the remains of Buddhist monks or nuns, and used as a place of meditation.20
4732653279Hellenisticof or relating to Greek history, language, and culture from the death of Alexander the Great to the defeat of Cleopatra and Mark Antony by Octavian in 31 BC. During this period Greek culture flourished, spreading through the Mediterranean and into the Near East and Asia and centering on Alexandria in Egypt and Pergamum in Turkey.21
4732653280Loessis an aeolian sediment formed by the accumulation of wind-blown silt, typically in the 20-50 micrometer size range, twenty percent or less clay and the balance equal parts sand and silt that are loosely cemented by calcium carbonate. a loosely compacted yellowish-gray deposit of windblown sediment of which extensive deposits occur, e.g., in eastern China and the American Midwest.22
4732654102Hieroglyphicsa stylized picture of an object representing a word, syllable, or sound, as found in ancient Egyptian and other writing systems.23
4732654579Economythe wealth and resources of a country or region, especially in terms of the production and consumption of goods and services.24

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