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AP World History Vocabulary Unit 3 Flashcards

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9957695250monasticrelating to monks, nuns, or others living under religious vows, or the buildings in which they live.0
9957716410papacythe office or authority of the Pope.1
9957722439eunucha castrated man, especially one employed by rulers in the Middle East and Asia as a harem guard or palace official.2
9957730451griota member of a class of traveling poets, musicians, and storytellers who maintain a tradition of oral history in parts of West Africa.3
9957856071kowtowkneel and touch the ground with the forehead in worship or submission as part of Chinese custom4
9957863201monsoonthe seasonal wind of the Indian Ocean and southern Asia, blowing from the southwest in summer and from the northeast in winter.5
9957870399jizyaa per capita yearly tax historically levied by Islamic states on certain non-Muslim subjects6
9957876317hajjthe Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca that takes place in the last month of the year, and that all Muslims are expected to make at least once during their lifetime.7
9957881494feudalismthe dominant social system in medieval Europe, in which the nobility held lands from the Crown in exchange for military service, and vassals were in turn tenants of the nobles, while the peasants (serfs) were obliged to live on their lord's land and give him labor, and a share of the produce in exchange for military protection.8
9957899986guilda medieval association of artisans (craftsmen) or merchants, often having considerable power9
9957917233Pax Mongolicadescribes the stabilizing effects of the conquests of the Mongol Empire on the social, cultural and economic life of the inhabitants of the vast Eurasian territory that the Mongols conquered in the 13th and 14th centuries.10
9957944115siege warfarea Medieval military operation involving the surrounding and blockading of a town, castle or fortress by an army in the attempt to capture it.11
9957975650matrilineal societya kinship system in which ancestral descent is traced through mother instead of the father's lines12
9957986247schisma split or division between strongly opposed sections or parties, caused by differences in opinion or belief.13
9957991859theocracya system of government in which priests rule in the name of God or a god14
9958003034hegiraMuhammad's departure from Mecca to Medina in AD 622, prompted by the opposition of the merchants of Mecca and marking the consolidation of the first Muslim community15
9958008246jihada struggle or fight against the enemies of Islam.16
9958012596polygynythe practice or condition of having more than one wife at one time.17
9958020888Sunni Islambranch of Islam that believes Muhammad did not clearly designate a successor and the Muslim community acted correctly in designating Abu Bakr as the first caliph18
9958039544Shi'a Islamholds that Muhammad announced that his son-in-law and cousin Ali ibn Abi Talib as his successor.19
9958065653commercialconcerned with or engaged in the activity of buying and selling.20
9958068155linguisticrelating to language21
9958072074indigenousoriginating or occurring naturally in a particular place; native.22
9958072075flourish(of a person, animal, or other living organism) grow or develop in a healthy or vigorous way, especially as the result of a particularly favorable environment.23
9958078333demographicrelating to the structure of populations.24
9958082287literaryconcerning the writing, study, or content of literature, especially of the kind valued for quality of form.25
9958088861peasanta poor farmer of low social status who owns or rents a small piece of land for cultivation26
9958088862steppea large area of flat unforested grassland in southeastern Europe, inter-Asia, or Siberia.27
9958094667consumera person who purchases goods and services for personal use.28
9958100302epidemica widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community at a particular time.29
9958149558serfan agricultural laborer bound under the feudal system to work on his lord's estate.30
9958163975vassala holder of land by feudal tenure on conditions of homage and allegiance.31
9958222564khanany of the successors of Genghis Khan, supreme rulers of the Turkish, Tartar, and Mongol peoples and emperors of China in the Middle Ages.32
9958232909renaissancethe cultural rebirth that occurred in Europe from roughly the fourteenth through the middle of the seventeenth centuries, based on the rediscovery of the literature of Greece and Rome.33
9958257177humnisman outlook or system of thought attaching prime importance to human rather than divine or supernatural matters. Humanist beliefs stress the potential value and goodness of human beings, emphasize common human needs, and seek solely rational ways of solving human problems.34
9958265984primogeniturethe right of succession belonging to the firstborn child, especially the feudal rule by which the whole real estate of an intestate passed to the eldest son.35

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