Terms : Hide Images
| 6806225048 | WWI (background causes) | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Nationalism + imperialism/industrialization + alliances (Triple alliance and Triple Entente) + militarism | 0 | |
| 6806232446 | WWI (immediate cause) | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: The assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand, heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, by a Serbian nationalist + declarations of war as a result of nationalism, militarism, and imperialism | 1 | |
| 6806240892 | total war | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: When all of a nation's resources are dedicated to the war effort; both civilian and military populations mobilize to defeat an enemy via rationing, propaganda, increased women in the work force, conscription/draft; e.g. WWI | 2 | |
| 6806255915 | WWI (technology) | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Considered the world's first modern war because of technological advancements (e.g. machine guns, heavy artillery, trench warfare, poison gas grenades, gas masks, armored cars, aerial combat, planes, submarines/U-boats); resulted in many cities destroyed and millions of deaths | 3 | |
| 6806270399 | WWI (results) | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Cities/nations destroyed (led to rise of WWII leaders) + millions of deaths/injuries/homeless + increased nationalism + breakup of Austro-Hungarian and Ottoman Empires + League of Nations + concept of self-determination | 4 | |
| 6806279899 | Paris Peace Conference | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: A meeting of Allied nations in Paris in 1919 after WWI to discuss peace terms with Central Powers + Wilson's proposed 14 Points (the last of which was the League of Nations) + Big Four (Britain's George, France's Clemenceau, U.S.'s Wilson, Italy's Orlando) + formed new nations, broke up other nations, severely punished Germany, created unstable peace | 5 | |
| 6806296652 | Treaty of Versailles | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Peace settlement negotiated by the Allies with Germany after WWI which ensured that Germany would never again be a threat to the security of Europe + war-guilt clause, loss of German territory, Rhineland (demilitarized zone between France and Germany), war reparations, disarmament of army, war reparations + led to German economic depression and rise of totalitarian government | 6 | |
| 6806311092 | League of Nations | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: First permanent international organization dedicated to maintaining peace + created after WWI + promised peace but had no military power to enforce it + replaced by United Nations (UN) | 7 | |
| 6806318859 | mandate system | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: System in which more advanced nations would act as guides for less experienced ones put in place by an article in the covenant of the League of Nations + influenced by the concept of self-determination | 8 | |
| 6806329390 | Age of Anxiety | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Period after WWI in which doubt and feelings of uncertainty were cast upon existing ways of life + Pablo Picasso, Freud, Hemingway | 9 | |
| 6806334215 | Great Depression | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Global economic depression of 1929 resulting from the U.S. stock market crash and the struggles of European countries to rebuild their damaged postwar economies + surpluses, overproduction, inflation + extreme forms of government for solutions | 10 | |
| 6806344914 | New Deal | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Legislation aimed at economic recovery created by FDR to provide relief, recovery, and reform | 11 | |
| 6806359140 | fascism (rise) | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Extreme form of nationalist government (state gov. controls all aspects of life) which emerged from Italy and Germany between WWI and WWII because of economic depression and the need for strong leaders + e.g. Italy's Mussolini, Germany's Hitler | 12 | |
| 6806382596 | Adolf Hitler (rise to power) | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Leader of the Nazis who rose to power in the 1920s and 1930s + Mein Kampf + appointed Germany's chancellor + ignored Treaty of Versailles and increased military + Nuremburg Laws (anti-Semitic policies) | 13 | |
| 6806391218 | Adolf Hitler (at war) | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Took control of Rhineland and Austria + appeasement (e.g. Munich Conference, in which he promised not to invade Czechoslovakia in return for the Sudetenland) + "Living space" (Lebensraum) + Holocaust | 14 | |
| 6818029388 | Benito Mussolini | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Responsible for the establishment of the world's first fascist state + dictator in postwar Italy + promised economic recovery, more land to Italian empire + actually suspended people's liberties, used fear/terror to enforce his will + Rome-Berlin Axis | 15 | |
| 6818035895 | Joseph Stalin | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Lenin's successor + "man of steel" + totalitarian dictator of USSR during WWII and early Cold War + Five Year Plan + collectivization + Great Purge | 16 | |
| 6818056141 | WWII (origins) | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Axis (Germany, Italy, Japan) vs. Allied (France, GB, USSR, China, U.S.) + imperial goals of Japan, Italy, Germany + appeasement (W give in to aggressors to keep peace) | 17 | |
| 6818069501 | Nazi-Soviet pact | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Nonaggression treaty signed between Germany and the Soviet Union in 1939 in which the two nations publicly agreed to avoid armed conflict with one another + violated by Germany | 18 | |
| 6818075249 | Japanese invasion of China (1937) | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: A full-scale invasion of China by another country in hopes of gaining control of China's extensive natural resources + China was overtaken (ill-prepared to stop invasion) | 19 | |
| 6818079473 | Blitzkrieg | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Lightning War + strategy of being fast and mobile (element of surprise, essentially) + e.g. German invasion of POland | 20 | |
| 6818084827 | Pearl Harbor | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Japanese attack on U.S. naval base in Hawaii on December 7, 1941 + "a date which will live in infamy" + Hitler and Mussolini declared war on U.S., U.S. joined Allies in WWII | 21 | |
| 6818090827 | atomic bomb | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Weapon which ended WWII in the world after it ended in Europe + General MacArthur responsible for island-hopping campaign as well as decision to employ these weapons on the Japanese mainland + Hiroshima, Nagasaki + President Truman + followed by U.S. occupation of Japan | 22 | |
| 6818099623 | U.S. occupation of Japan | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Occupation of Japan by a certain country led by General MacArthur after unconditional surrender of WWII + democratization, new constitution, demilitarization | 23 | |
| 6818120053 | Holocaust (Jewish) | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Result of anti-Semitism + genocide + under Nazi regime + Final Solution + death/concentration camps (e.g. Auschwitz, Belzec) with gassing, experiments, guns + Nuremberg Trials | 24 | |
| 6818129653 | United Nations (UN) | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Coalition dedicated to maintaining world peace and security + created after WWII + replaced League of Nations + esp. U.S., China, GB, USSR, France | 25 | |
| 6818133850 | Cold War (origins) | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Ideological war (war of ideas) between two ideologically opposed superpowers + democracy vs. communism + containment + NATO and Warsaw Pacts (military alliances, increased tensions) + satellite nations + nuclear arms and space races | 26 | |
| 6818141364 | Iron Curtain (creation) | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Term coined by English PM Winston Churchill in a 1946 speech referring to symbolic division of Europe at the end of WWII + symbolized the war between capitalism (W) and communism (E) + later became reinforced by actual visible symbol, Berlin Wall | 27 | |
| 6818151860 | Nuclear Arms Race | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Struggle between U.S. and USSR to claim political superiority across the globe via expensive arms race and proliferation (spreading) of nuclear weapons + deterrence + brinkmanship + Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT) | 28 | |
| 6818158759 | satellite nations | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Soviet-occupied nations at the end of WWII + e.g. Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria, Romania + buffer zone between USSR and W | 29 | |
| 6818168508 | Truman Doctrine | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Economic and military program of 1947 by President Truman to help nations resist Soviet aggression and prevent the spread of communism | 30 | |
| 6818175296 | Marshall Plan | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: A.k.a. European Recovery Program + massive economic aid package (part of containment policy) designed to strengthen democracy and lessen appeal of communism after WWII | 31 | |
| 6818181172 | NATO | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: North Atlantic Treaty Organization (1949) + military alliance of democratic nations against Soviet nations + goal: to form military alliance to maintain peace through collective defense in postwar Europe | 32 | |
| 6818189126 | Warsaw Pact | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Defensive military alliance of communist nations designed to counter the collective defense formed by the democratic nations of NATO + USSR, Poland, East Germany + Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria | 33 | |
| 6818196105 | Geneva Conference | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Cold War peace conference held in 1954 + divided Vietnam temporaily at 17th parallel (N w/ communist Ho Chi Minh vs. S w/ noncommunist control) + domino theory (Eisenhower's belief that if one falls to communism, all will) | 34 | |
| 6818205328 | Korean War | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: War as a result of USSR (N) and U.S. (S) occupation (split at 38th parallel) + divided by cease-fire agreement + divided by demilitarized zone | 35 | |
| 6818213097 | Cuban Missile Crisis | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Alliance of Fidel Castro (Cuba) and Stalin (Soviet Union) after Bay of Pigs incident + nuclear missile base built in Cuba + President Kennedy declared removal of weapons | 36 | |
| 6818218763 | nonalignment | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Alternative to allying with either U.S. or USSR in Cold War + e.g. India, Indonesia, Yugoslavia, many African nations + goal: to avoid involvement in Cold War + maintain/increase economic progress by accepting economic aid from both sides | 37 | |
| 6818223933 | colonization | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Occurred as mother countries could no longer maintain control of their colonies as they attempted to repair their own war-torn lands after WWII + newly independent states struggled to maintain autonomy and develop self-determination | 38 | |
| 6818231503 | European Economic Community | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Community of a certain continent formed in 1957 + founded by France, Belgium, W Germany, Luxembourg, Italy, Netherlands + characterized by common market and free trade + established by Treaty of Rome | 39 | |
| 6818239570 | detente | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Policy adopted by Soviet Union and U.S. during the Cold War in an effort to reduce tensions between the two superpowers over the arms race and control of developing countries + encouraged cooperation in environmental research, space exploration, health research, cultural diffusion | 40 | |
| 6818246529 | Vietnam War | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Conflict in non-communist S Vietnam after defeat of French + U.S. intervention, but pressured to end Vietnamization + ended with Paris Peace Accords (1973) | 41 | |
| 6818256970 | Iran-Iraq War | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Saddam Hussein (Iraq) vs. Iran + e.g. Persian Gulf War in Kuwait over oil + U.S. involvement | 42 | |
| 6818263402 | globalization | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Interdependence and interconnection of world communities + goal: global economy to facilitate movement of goods and trade (associated with the term free trade) + International Monetary Fund (IMF) + North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) | 43 | |
| 6818269475 | OPEC | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (1960) + organized producers of oil + goal: to control the price of oil through cooperation + power lessened in 1980s due to overproduction and Iran-Iraq and Gulf Wars | 44 | |
| 6818279313 | Iron Curtain (demise) | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Berlin Wall opened (1989), symbolizing end of Cold War + spread of democracy into E Europe + continent no longer divided | 45 | |
| 6818284991 | Green Revolution | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Revolution in agriculture which improved agriculture + new farming techniques, fertilizers/pesticides, machinery + new farming methods introduced in developing countries (esp. India) to increase production of stable crops (rice, wheat) + increased food production and population growth | 46 | |
| 6818292851 | genocide | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Systematic and deliberate killing of a specific group of people + e.g. Holocaust, Bosnia's ethnic cleansing, Rwanda (Hutus, Tutsis), Cambodia, Armenia | 47 | |
| 6818299112 | feminism | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Women's fight for control of own bodies (birth control, abortions) and equality + no longer such ting as "women's work" | 48 | |
| 6818303849 | global problems | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Poverty, trafficking, HIV/AIDS, terrorism | 49 | |
| 6818306434 | NGOs | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Nongovernmental organizations (groups with no connection, e.g. funding, to a government) + e.g. UN, Red Cross, Greenpeace | 50 | |
| 6818317093 | machine gun | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Weapon invented by Maxim in 1884 + defensive weapon during WWI + offensive weapon when mounted on aircraft, tanks, other vehicles + operated by one man, portable + improved with time | 51 | |
| 6818322790 | cell phones | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: Commercial mobile devices + originally radio technology from WWII + increased communication and information/data services | 52 | |
| 6818327649 | internet | Region: The world Time Period: 1900 - present Definition: "Network of networks" + World Wide Web (WWW) + after U.S. technology research after Soviet launch of Sputnik | 53 |
