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AP World History WWI Flashcards

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161801903Balfour Declaration (1917)formal statement from the British government stating that they approve a Jewish sovereign state0
161801904Eastern FrontIn WWI, the region along the German-Russian Border where Russians and Serbs battled Germans, Austrians, and Turks.1
161801905Western FrontIn WWI, the region of Northern France where the forces of the Allies and the Central Powers battled each other.2
161801906League of Nationsan international organization formed in 1920 to promote cooperation and peace among nations; formed by allies without Russia3
161801907Socialism in one countryPolicy adopted by Stalin in the autumn of 1924, in which the notion of a worldwide socialist revolution was abandoned in favor of making the Soviet Union a successful socialist state.4
161801908Treaty of Versaillesthe treaty imposed on Germany by the Allied powers in 1920 after the end of World War I which demanded exorbitant reparations from the Germans; effected Germany during Great Depression5
161801909World Courta court established to settle disputes between members of the United Nations; established at the Hague6
161801910Red ArmyJanuary of 1918, formed under Leon Trotsky who was War Commissar and creator of army. This military was "forged in crucible of civil war." Discipline was very strict and scattered throughout the army were POLITICAL COMMISSARS to educate the soldiers on the principles of the Bolshevik revolution and keep everyone in line (politically). Also acted as spies and reported any counterrevolutionary comments or activities. Army was very well organized, boosted morale of men and practiced good officer selection. Big contrast to tsarist army. With the help of Red Army, the Bolsheviks had established themselves back up to the borders of the Tsarist Empire in all directions except towards Europe.7
161801911Union of Soviet Socialist Republicsa former communist country in eastern Europe and northern Asia; established by Bolshevik party under Lenin8
161801912Solidaritya union of interests or purposes or sympathies among members of a group; a movement to create unity9
161801913Joseph StalinTook power after Lenin's death; totalitarian ruler; created fear in Russia; secret police; no one wanted to stop clapping first10
161801914New Economic PolicyPolicy proclaimed by Vladimir Lenin in 1924 to encourage the revival of the Soviet economy by allowing small private enterprises. Joseph Stalin ended the N.E.P. in 1928 and replaced it with a series of Five-Year Plans.11
161801915Indian National CongressA movement and political party founded in 1885 to demand greater Indian participation in government. Its membership was middle class, and its demands were modest until World War I. Led after 1920 by Mohandas K. Gandhi; created sense of Indian nationalism12
161801916Lord CromerBritish high commander who seized power of the state due to economic mismanagement by the khedives and thus made decisions of state from 1883 to 1907, thus enabling Britain to control the Suez canal13
161801917Montagu-Chelmsford ReformsIncreased the powers of Indian legislators at the all-India level and placed much of the provincial administration of India under local ministries controlled by legislative bodies with substantial numbers of elected Indias; passed in 191914
161801918Morley-Minto Reforms(1909) Constitutional changes in British India, introduced to increase Indian participation in the legislature. They were embodied in the Indian Councils Act (1909) following discussions between John Morley, Secretary of State for India (1905-14), and Lord Minto, viceroy (1905-10).15
161801919Theodor Hertzlfounder of Zionism16
161801920Mandatesterms set by the national government that states must meet whether or not they accept federal grants17
161801921Negritudean ideological position that holds African culture to be independent and valid on its own terms18
161801922Gandhipolitical and spiritual leader during India's struggle with Great Britain for home rule19
161801923Rowlatt ActPlaced severe restrictions on key Indian civil rights such as freedom of the press. Acted to offset the concessions granted under Montago-Chelmsford reforms of 1919. Revered the rights the British had given India from the British.20
161801924Wafd PartyEgyptian nationalist party that emerged after an Egyptian delegation was refused a hearing at the Versailles treaty negotations21
161801925B.G. Tilakconservative Hindu who called for radical performance against the British in India; called for boycott of British products22
161801926Zionisma policy for establishing and developing a national homeland for Jews in Palestine23

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