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| 4979781794 | Civilization | an advanced culture with the following five characteristics 1) Advanced Cities 2) Specialized Workers 3) Complex Institutions 4) Record Keeping 5) Advanced Technology | 0 | |
| 4979784045 | Neolithic | the later part of the Stone Age when people used ground or polished stone weapons and implements | 1 | |
| 4979785049 | Paleolithic | early phase of the Stone Age, lasting about 2.5 million years, when primitive stone implements were used | 2 | |
| 4979785050 | Pastoralists | is a person who herds livestock, often as a nomadic wanderer without a set farm area. | 3 | |
| 4979786745 | Mesopotamia | means "land between two rivers" , ancient civilization located in the fertile crescent | 4 | |
| 4979786746 | Egypt | started at the northern most peak of the Nile River at the time of the Neolithic Revolution. This early civilization formed down the lush fields of the Nile River. Protected by the water and desert, the civilization was able to grow into Egypt and surrounding colonies. | 5 | |
| 4979788486 | Mohenjo Dara | an archaeological site in Pakistan. Was built in the 26th century BCE. It was one of the largest cities of the ancient Indus Valley Civilization | 6 | |
| 4979788487 | Harappa | In the Indus river valley, in modern day Afghanistan and northwest India. Rectangular cities with organized streets, street drains and sewers, external walls for protection, unified religion with shared symbols, trade, pottery and crafts | 7 | |
| 4979788488 | Shang | 766 BCE - 1027 BCE First organised river society, introduced writing on oracles bones, local trade, ancestor worship, bronze age, Huang He river | 8 | |
| 4979789245 | Olmec | a Mesoamerican civilization, c. 1000-400 b.c.e, along the southern Gulf coast of Mexico, characterized by extensive agriculture, a dating system, long-distance trade networks, pyramids and ceremonial centers, and very fine jade work. | 9 | |
| 4979789246 | Chavin | An early pre-Incan civilization that flourished in northern and central Peru from about 900 to 200 bce, known for its carved stone sculptures and boldly designed ceramics. | 10 | |
| 4979789840 | Hitties | The group of people from the Anatolian peninsula who conquered the Babylonian empire with two technological innovations--the war chariots and refinement of iron for weapons. | 11 | |
| 4979789841 | Metallurgy | first used copper, common and easy to mold; hammered metal then later heated it to bend; created first jewlelry and decorations, then weapons | 12 | |
| 4979790533 | Chariots | A two-wheeled horse-drawn vehicle used in ancient warfare and racing in Mesopotamia. Cause: Military technology changed as armies evolved from militias called up for temporary duty. Effect: Infantry found themselves at mercy of chariots carrying a driver and an archer who could easily overtake them. | 13 | |
| 4979790534 | Ziggurats | A massive stepped tower on which was built a temple dedicated to the chief god or goddes of a Sumerian city | 14 | |
| 4979791279 | Cunieform | The earliest known form of writing, which was used by the Sumerians. The name derives from the wedge shaped marks made with a stylus into soft clay | 15 | |
| 4979791280 | Hieroglyphics | an ancient Egyptian writing system in which pictures were used to represent ideas and sounds | 16 | |
| 4979791881 | Hunter-forger | People who support themselves by hunting wild animals and gathering wild edible plants and insects. Cause: Used to derive the bulk of their daily nourishment. Effect: Following herds of animals. | 17 | |
| 4979791882 | Quipu | System of knotted strings utilized by the Incas in place of a writing system; could contain numerical and other types of information for censuses and financial records | 18 | |
| 4979792666 | Code of Hammurabi | A collection of 282 laws which were enforced under Hammurabi's rule. One of the first examples of written law in the ancient civilizations. Known as the "eye for an eye" laws that had harsh punishments. | 19 | |
| 4979792667 | Vedic Religion | Polytheistic religion with reincarnation that divided social classes. Cause: Brahmin priests who held the knowledge and advocated varna system. Effect: Lowered status of women, and responses from Buddhism and Jainism. | 20 | |
| 4979793526 | Monotheism | Belief in one god | 21 | |
| 4979793527 | Polytheism | Belief in many gods. | 22 | |
| 4979795006 | Hebrew | early nomads in region between Mesopotamia and Egypt during 2nd millenniumBCE; part od the Old Testement of the Christian Bible | 23 | |
| 4979795007 | Patriarchy | A society in which MEN hold the greatest legal and moral authority or power. | 24 |
