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| 92021368 | Vedas | Early Indian sacred "knowledge" long preserved an communicated orally by Brahmin priests and eventually written down. these religious texts are our main source of information about the Vedic period | 0 | |
| 92021369 | Gupta Empire | a powerful Indian state based, like its Mauryan predecessor, on a capital at Pataliputra in the Ganges Valley. It controlled most of the Indian subcontinent through a combination of military force and its prestige as a center of sophisticated culture. | 1 | |
| 92021370 | varna | the four major social divisions: Brahmin priest, warrior/administrators, merchants/farmers, and laborers. | 2 | |
| 92021371 | Mauryan Empire | the first state to unify most of the Indian subcontinent. founded by Chandragupta. from its capital at Pataliputra in the Ganges Valley, it grew wealthy from taxes on agriculture, iron mining, and control of trade routes. | 3 | |
| 92021372 | funan | An early complex society in Southeast Asia between the first and sixth centuries C.E. It was centered in the rich rice-growing region of southern Vietnam, and it controlled the passage of trade across the Malaysian isthmus. | 4 | |
| 92021373 | jati | regional groups of people who have a common occupational sphere, and who marry, eat, and generally interact with other members of their group. | 5 | |
| 92021374 | moksha | The Hindu concept of the spirit's 'liberation' from the endless cycle of rebirths. There are various avenues such as physical discipline, meditation, and acts of devotion to the gods, by which the spirit can distance itself from desire for the things of this world and be merged with the divine force that animates the universe. | 6 | |
| 92021375 | Mahayana Buddhism | "Great Vehicle" branch of Buddhism followed in China, Japan, and Central Asia. The focus is on reverence for Buddha and for Bodhisattvas. | 7 | |
| 92021376 | Theravada Buddhism | "way of the elders" branch of Buddhism followed in Sri Lanka and much of South east Asia. Remains close to the original principles set forth by the Buddha, it downplays the importance of gods and emphasizes austerity and the individual's search for enlightenment. | 8 | |
| 92021377 | Hinduism | a wide variety of beliefs and ritual practices that have developed in the Indian subcontinent since antiquity. It has roots in ancient Vedic, Buddhist, and south Indian religious concepts and practices. It spread along the trade routes to Southeast Asia. | 9 | |
| 92021378 | Ashoka | Third ruler of the Mauryan empire in India. he converted to Buddhism and broadcast his precepts on inscribed stones and pillars, the earliest surviving Indian writing. | 10 | |
| 92021379 | Mahabharata | a vast epic chronicling the events leading up to a cataclysmic battle between related kinship groups in early India. it includes the Bhagavad-Gita, the most important work of Indian sacred literature. | 11 | |
| 92021380 | Bhagavad-Gita | the most important work of Indian sacred literature, a dialogue between the great warrior Arjuna and the god Krishna on duty and the fate of the spirit. | 12 | |
| 92021381 | Tamil Kingdoms | The kingdoms of southern India, inhabited primarily by speakers of Dravidian languages, which developed in partial isolation, and somewhat differently, from the Aryan north. they produced epics, poetry, and performance arts. these religious beliefs were merged into the Hindu synthesis. | 13 | |
| 92021382 | theater-state | a state that acquires prestige and power by developing attractive cultural forms and staging elaborate public ceremonies to attract and bind subjects to the center. (Gupta Empire) | 14 | |
| 92021383 | Malay peoples | A designation for peoples originating in south China and Southeast Asia who settled the Malay Peninsula, Indonesia, and the Philippines, then spread eastward across the islands of the Pacific Ocean and west to Madagascar. | 15 | |
| 92021384 | monsoon | seasonal winds in the Indian Ocean caused by the differences in temperature between the rapidly heating and cooling landmasses of Africa and Asia and the slowly changing ocean waters. | 16 | |
| 92021385 | karma | the residue of deeds performed in past and present lives that adheres to a spirit and determines what form it will assume in its next life cycle. used by the elite to encourage people to accept their social position and do their duty. | 17 | |
| 92021386 | Buddha | an Indian prince named Siddhartha Gautama, who renounced his wealth and social position. After becoming enlightened, he enunciated the principles of Buddhism. | 18 |
