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APES 20 Flashcards

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13510673834Well-BeingThe status of being healthy, happy, and prosperous.0
13510673835EconomicsHow humans as individuals or companies allocate scare resources in the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services.1
13510673836Genuine Progress IndicatorA measurement of the economy that considers personal consumption, income distribution, levels of higher education, resource depletion, pollution, and the health of the population. WHILE gdp RISES, gpi STAYS STEADY.2
13510673837Technology TransferLess developed countries adopt technological innovations developed in wealthy countries.3
13510673838Kuznets CurveAs per capita increases, environmental degradation first increases and then decreases.4
13510673839LeapfroggingNew technology develops in such a way that makes the older technology obsolete and unnecessary.5
13510673840MicrolendingPractice of loaning small amounts of money to people who intend to start a small business in less developed countries. Improves quality of life, increases income, increases confidence, empowers women and sound environmental practices, lowers fertility rate so the population stabilizes, and local markets develop so less fuel is used to transport goods.6
13510673841Natural CapitalResources of the planet such as air, water, and minerals.7
13510673842Human CapitalRefers to human knowledge and abilities.8
13510673843Manufactured capitalAll goods and services that humans produce.9
13510673844Market FailureWhen an economic system doesn't appropriately account for all costs10
13510673845Environmental EconomicsExamines the costs and benefits of various policies and regulations that seek to regulate pollution and degradation.11
13510673846Ecological EconomicsTreats economics as a component of ecological systems.12
13510673847VaulationAssigning monetary value to intangible benefits and natural capital.13
13510673848Anthropocentric WorldviewHuman centered worldview. Considers that human beings have intrinsic value.14
13510673849StewardshipSubset of anthropocentric worldview that is the careful and responsible management and care for Earth and its resources.15
13510673850Biocentric WorldviewLife centered. Humans are one of many species, all of which have intrinsic value.16
13510673851Ecocentric WorldviewEarth centered. Equal value on all living organisms and the ecosystems they live in.17
13510673852United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP)A group within the United Nations responsible for gathering environmental info and research and assessing environmental problems.18
13510673853World BankProvides technical and financial assistance to developing countries to reduce poverty and promote growth.19
13510673854World Health Organization (WHO)A group within the United Nations responsible for human health, including combating the spread of infectious diseases and health issues related to natural disasters.20
13510673855United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)A program of the United Nations that works to improve living conditions through economic development.21
13510673856Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)A U.S. government agency that creates federal policy and oversees enforcement of regulations related to the environment,including science, research, assessment, and education.22
13510673857Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)A U.S. federal agency responsible for the enforcement of health and safety regulations in the workplace.23
13510673858Department of Energy (DOE)A U.S. government agency created in 1977 with the goal of advancing the energy and economic security of the United States.24
13510673859Human Development Index (HDI)A measure of economic well-being that combines life expectancy, knowledge, education,and standard of living as shown in GDP per capita and purchasing power.25
13510673860Human Poverty Index (HPI)A multidimensional measure of poverty, measuring longevity, knowledge, economic provisioning and social inclusion.26
13510673861Command and Control ApproachSets regulations for emissions and controls with fines and punishments27
13510673862Incentive Based ApproachFinancial benefits and incentives for lowering emissions.28
13510673863Green TaxTax places on environmentally harmful activities or emissions.29
13510673864Triple Bottom LineMust take into account 3 factors economic, environmental, and social when making decisions.30
13510673865UN Millennium DeclarationsEradicate extreme poverty and hunger, achieve universal primary education, promote gender equality and empower women, reduce child mortality, improve maternal health, combat HIV, malaria, and other diseases, ensure environmental sustainability, and develop a global partnership for development.31
13510673866Environmental WorldviewA worldview that encompasses how people think the world works, how they view their role in it, and what they believe to be proper behavior regarding the environment.32
13510673867United Nations (UN)An institution dedicated to promoting dialogue among countries with the goal of maintaining world peace.33

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