Terms : Hide Images
| 13865249338 | Asthenosphere | The soft layer of the mantle on which the tectonic plates move | 0 | |
| 13865250802 | Lithosphere | A rigid layer made up of the uppermost part of the mantle and the crust. | 1 | |
| 13865254511 | gully erosion | erosion that occurs when a rill channel widens and deepens | 2 | |
| 13865256229 | rill | a small stream | 3 | |
| 13865259423 | soil horizon | The layer of soil that differs in color and texture from the layers above or below it. |  | 4 |
| 13865264205 | Subduction | The process by which oceanic crust sinks beneath a deep-ocean trench and back into the mantle at a convergent plate boundary. | 5 | |
| 13865269873 | thermal inversion | A situation in which a relatively warm layer of air at mid-altitude covers a layer of cold, dense air below. | 6 | |
| 13865273601 | Upwelling | The movement of deep, cold, and nutrient-rich water to the surface | 7 | |
| 13865275213 | zone of aeration | upper soil layers that hold both air and water | 8 | |
| 13865277991 | zone of illuviation | the layer of soil (the "B" layer) that imports the ions and colloids from the zone of eluviation | 9 | |
| 13865280560 | zone of saturation | The lower zone where water accumilates between small rock particles. | 10 | |
| 13865288524 | age of the earth | 4.6 billion years | 11 | |
| 13865295194 | rain shadow | a region with dry conditions found on the leeward side of a mountain range as a result of humid winds from the ocean causing precipitation on the windward side | 12 | |
| 13865296489 | ENSO | El Niño Southern Oscillation, see-sawing of air pressure over the S. Pacific | 13 | |
| 13865304002 | Desertification | Degradation of land, especially in semiarid areas, primarily because of human actions like excessive crop planting, animal grazing, and tree cutting. | 14 | |
| 13865306833 | climax community | A stable, mature community that undergoes little or no change in species over time | 15 | |
| 13865310684 | ecosystem diversity | variety of habitats, communities, and ecological processes in the biosphere | 16 | |
| 13865352105 | Evapotranspiration | The combined amount of evaporation and transpiration | 17 | |
| 13865376848 | survivorship curve | Graph showing the number of survivors in different age groups for a particular species. | 18 | |
| 13865391870 | debt-for-nature swap | When agencies such as the World Bank make a deal with third world countries that they will cancel their debt if the country will set aside a certain amount of their natural resources. | 19 | |
| 13865406102 | Rule of 70 | Doubling time (in years) = 70/(percentage growth rate). | 20 | |
| 13865434240 | alley cropping | Planting of crops in strips with rows of trees or shrubs on each side. | 21 | |
| 13865436871 | by-catch | any other species of fish, mammals, or birds that are caught that are not the target organism. | 22 | |
| 13865438383 | arable land | land suitable for growing crops | 23 | |
| 13865438384 | drift-net fishing | the use of fishing nets of great length and depth | 24 | |
| 13865439693 | Feedlot | a plot of land on which livestock are fattened for market | 25 | |
| 13865441317 | Micronutrients | vitamins and minerals | 26 | |
| 13865446331 | minimum-tillage farming | use of special tillers that break up and loosen the subsurface soil without turning over the topsoil | 27 | |
| 13865450619 | no-till farming | farming that excludes the usage of tillage to avoid the negative effects of tillage such as loss of organic matter, soil erosion, etc, leaves roots holding soil | 28 | |
| 13865452145 | second-growth forest | a stand of trees resulting from secondary ecological succession | 29 | |
| 13865453442 | tar sands | sand or sandstone naturally impregnated with petroleum | 30 | |
| 13865454821 | Xeriscaping | a method of landscaping that uses plants that are well adapted to the local area and are drought resistant. | 31 | |
| 13865470042 | lake zones | littoral, limnetic, profundal, benthic |  | 32 |
| 13865478977 | ocean zones | 1. intertidal--high and low tides, 2. benthic--ocean floor, 3. pelagic--ocean water (divided into neritic and oceanic provinces) |  | 33 |
| 13865482010 | CAFO | Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation | 34 | |
| 13865488563 | FIRFA | Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act | 35 | |
| 13865515851 | Dredging | Type of surface mining in which chain buckets and draglines scrape up sand, gravel, and other surface deposits covered with water. It is also used to remove sediment from streams and harbors to maintain shipping channels. | 36 | |
| 13865532266 | anthracite coal | A type of coal, noted for being hard and clean burning. | 37 | |
| 13865533553 | bituminous coal | The most common form of coal; produces a high amount of heat and is used extensively by electric power plants. | 38 | |
| 13865533554 | lignite coal | -Lowest rank of coal, brownish black, visible plant material, crumbly, organic rock. | 39 | |
| 13865535335 | Peat | partially decayed plant matter found in bogs | 40 | |
| 13865536802 | Petrochemicals | Compounds that are made from oil | 41 | |
| 13865538040 | Synfuels | Synthetic gaseous and liquid fuels produced from solid coal or sources other than natural gas or crude oil. | 42 | |
| 13865546982 | ANWR | Arctic National Wildlife Refuge | 43 | |
| 13865553627 | nuclear fission reactor | reactors that release energy steadily due to the fission of a suitable isotope, such as uranium-235 |  | 44 |
| 13865562078 | passive solar heating | the use of sunlight to heat buildings directly |  | 45 |
| 13865575160 | CERCLA | Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act | 46 | |
| 13865575161 | effluent | liquid waste or sewage discharged into a river or the sea. | 47 | |
| 13865576291 | Leachate | polluted liquid produced by water passing through buried wastes in a landfill | 48 | |
| 13865583494 | Phytoremediation | A method employed to clean up a hazardous waste site that uses plants to absorb and accumulate toxic materials | 49 | |
| 13865588957 | urban heat island | Local heat buildup in an area of high population density | 50 | |
| 13865594102 | indoor air pollutants | radon, cigarette smoke, carbon monoxides, nitrogen dioxide (gas stoves), formaldehyde (carpeting, furniture), household pesticides, cleaning solvents, ozone (photocopiers), abestos + organic pests in ventilation | 51 | |
| 13865598277 | outdoor air pollutants | CO2, NO2, tropospheric ozones, particulate matter, lead, sulfur dioxides. | 52 | |
| 13865600420 | carcinogen examples | • Ionizing radiation (UV) • Chemicals (tobacco!!, occupational exposure) • Viruses (hep b,c, HPV, H. Pylori) • Other physical agents | 53 | |
| 13865602222 | mutagen examples | Radiation (UV, X-ray, gamma) Arsenic, Bromine Pesticides, Tobacco Infection agents | 54 | |
| 13865604205 | teratogen examples | FAS- small head, nervous system problems Nicotine-cleft lip, growth retardation, possible miscarriage Cocaine-spontaneous abortion, detachment of placenta Thalidomide-born without limbs | 55 | |
| 13865606536 | Turbidity | A measure of how clear water is. | 56 | |
| 13865615352 | NIMBY | Not In My Backyard attitude. People don't want things like landfills to be put where they live. | 57 | |
| 13865629685 | Lacey Act | prohibits interstate transport of wild animals dead or alive without federal permit. | 58 |
