Terms : Hide Images
| 5227556071 | Ecological Succession | The predictable replacement of one group of species by another group of species over time | 0 | |
| 5227556072 | Primary Succession | Occurs on surfaces that are initially devoid of soil | 1 | |
| 5227556073 | Process of primary succession | 1. Bare rock is colonized by organisms that can survive with little or no soil 2. When these organisms die, they become the organic matter that mixes with minerals eroded from the rock to create new soil 3. Soil develops and allows plants with deep root systems 4. Mid-successional plants are easily dispersed and help the soil increase its ability to retain nutrients and water | 2 | |
| 5227556074 | Secondary succession | Occurs in areas that have been disturbed but have not lost their soil | 3 | |
| 5227556075 | Process of secondary succession | 1. Begins with rapid colonization by plants that can easily disperse to the disturbed area 2. Light, wind-borne seeded plants are the first to arrive 3. These are replaced by species that are better competitors for sunlight, water, and soil nutrients | 4 | |
| 5227556076 | Pioneer species | Have the ability to colonize new areas rapidly and grow well in full sunshine | 5 | |
| 5227556077 | What happens when pioneer trees increase in number and grow larger? | They start to shade one another, reducing one another's growth and fitness | 6 | |
| 5227556078 | How does succession end? | Climax stage | 7 | |
| 5227556079 | Process of aquatic succession | 1. Storms turn over rocks/clear them of living things 2. The bare rocks can be colonized through the process of primary succession | 8 | |
| 5227556080 | The number and types of species within a biome present are determined by these 3 processes: | 1. Colonization of the area by new species 2. Speciation within the area 3. Losses from the area by extinction | 9 | |
| 5227556081 | Importance of these processes is influenced by these 4 factors: | 1. Latitude 2. Time 3. Habitat size 4. Distance from other communities | 10 | |
| 5227556082 | As we move from the equator toward the north or south pole, the number of species: | Decreases | 11 | |
| 5227556083 | What happens the longer a habitat exists? | The more colonization, speciation, and extinction occur there | 12 | |
| 5227556084 | Basis for the theory of island geography | Size of the habitat and the distance of that habitat from a source of colonizing species | 13 | |
| 5227556085 | Reasons why larger habitats contain more species | 1. Dispersing species are more likely to find larger habitats than smaller habitats 2. At any given latitude, larger habitats can support more species than small habitats (they are capable of supporting larger populations which are prone to less extinction) 3. Larger habitats often contain a wider range of environmental conditions, which in turn provide more niches that support a larger number of species | 14 | |
| 5227556086 | Why distance matters when it comes to species richness | Many species can disperse short distances, but only a few can disperse long distances | 15 | |
| 5227556087 | Why did ranchers originally want to dispose of prairie dogs? | They were herbivores that were competitors for ranchers' crops. | 16 | |
| 5227556088 | What was a consequence of ranchers winning the battle against the prairie dogs? | They almost caused the extinction of the black-footed ferret (because the prairie dogs' had been the ferrets' main food source) | 17 | |
| 5227556089 | Growth Rate | the number of offspring an individual can produce in a given time period - the deaths of individuals or offspring | 18 | |
| 5227556090 | Intrinsic Growth Rate | maximum potential for growth, with ideal conditions and unlimited resources available | 19 | |
| 5227556092 | What causes a j-shaped curve? | produced by exponential growth rate |  | 20 |
| 5227556093 | Logistic Growth Model | growth is initially exponential, but slows as population reaches carrying capacity | 21 | |
| 5227556094 | What produces an S-shaped curve? | logistic growth model |  | 22 |
| 5227556095 | overshoot | population becomes larger than the carrying capacity, likely leading to a die-off | 23 | |
| 5227556096 | What is another term for die-off? | population crash | 24 | |
| 5227556097 | Carrying Capacity | The maximum number of organisms that an ecosystem can support | 25 | |
| 5227556098 | What is one of the most important factors in limiting population? | Predation | 26 | |
| 5227556099 | keystone species | species in an environment who plays a much more important role than its relative abundance may suggest | 27 | |
| 5227556100 | predator-mediated competition | organism who reduces abundance of a superior competitor and therefore allows inferior competitors to exist | 28 | |
| 5227556101 | ecosystem engineers | keystone species that that create or maintain habitats for other species | 29 | |
| 5227556102 | commensalism | one species benefits while the other one is not harmed | 30 | |
| 5227556103 | symbiosis | A close, long-term relationship between two species that usually involves an exchange of food or energy | 31 | |
| 5227641855 | symbiotic relationships | mutualism, commensalism, parasitism | 32 | |
| 5227556104 | mutualism | benefits both species present | 33 | |
| 5227556105 | predation | the use of one species as a resource | 34 | |
| 5227556106 | true predator | kill their prey and consume most of what they kill | 35 | |
| 5227556107 | parasites | live on the organism they consume, take nutrients from the host | 36 | |
| 5227556108 | pathogens | parasites that cause disease in their hosts | 37 | |
| 5227556109 | herbivores | consume plants as prey | 38 |
