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| 4993724100 | biotic potential | the max. reproductive rate of an organism, given unlimited resources and ideal environmental conditions -compare with environmental resistance | 0 | |
| 4993730454 | exponential | having no limit and possessing a distinctive shape when graphed over time | 1 | |
| 4993736613 | J curve | graph of exponential population growth |  | 2 |
| 4993739084 | carrying capacity | the number or biomass of animals that can be supported (without harvest) in a certain area of habitat -now used more generally to suggest a limit of sustainability that an environment has in relation to the size of a species population | 3 | |
| 4993742771 | overshoots | when a population exceeds the carrying capacity of its environment, resources become limited and death rates rise | 4 | |
| 4993744327 | population crash | -dieback -when deaths exceed births, the growth rate is (-) and the population suddenly decreases | 5 | |
| 4993745961 | boom-and-bust cycles | in which some populations repeatedly overshoot the carrying capacity and then crash catastrophically | 6 | |
| 4993760977 | logistic growth | growth rates regulated by internal and external factors until coming into and equilibrium with environmental resources -growth rate slows as pop reaches carrying c. | 7 | |
| 4993765229 | S curve | -sigmoidal-shaped -describes a population that decreases if its numbers exceed the carrying c. of the environment |  | 8 |
| 4993772062 | density-dependent | factors that correspond to the size of a population -as pop. size increases, the effect intensifies | 9 | |
| 4993773911 | density-independent | -often nonbiological, capricious acts of nature such as drought, early frost, flooding, landslide, or habitat destruction by people | 10 | |
| 4993777940 | r-selected species | -organisms that employ a high reproductive rate to overcome the high mortality of virtually ignored offsprings -tend to occupy low trophic levels -generally wide tolerance limits for environmental factors and can habit many niches (aka weedy) -many young -little/no parenting -rapid maturation -small young -reproduce once -ex: insect, clam | 11 | |
| 4993789608 | K-selected species | -have few natural predators -few young -intensive parenting -slow maturation -large young -reproduce many times ex: mammals | 12 | |
| 4993880693 | Natality | the production of new individuals by birth, hatching, germinating, or cloning and is the main source of addition to most biological pops. -usually sensitive to environmental conditions and is tied to strong nutrition levels, climate, soil/water conditions, and in some species social interactions | 13 | |
| 4993885704 | fecundity | physical ability to reproduce | 14 | |
| 4993886057 | fertility | measure of the actual number of offsprings produced | 15 | |
| 4993890602 | mortality | -death rate -determined by dividing the number of organisms that die in a certain time period by the number alive at the beg. of the period | 16 | |
| 4993893631 | survivorship | the % of a cohort that survives to a certain age | 17 | |
| 4993895044 | life expectancy | the probably number of years of survival for an individual of a given age | 18 | |
| 4993914492 | life span | the longest period of life reached by a given type of organism | 19 | |
| 4993925459 | Survivorship curves: provide 1 ex of each animal in each curve and why | 1)humans-live full life span if they reach maturity and have high mortality at old age 2)probability of death is unrelated to age(seagulls) 3)(NOT PICTURED) rabbits, songbirds, high, developing country humans, mortality in early life and adults in reproductive stage fine, but past that age another high death rate 4) fish, clams, crabs, trees, high mortality in early age, those that survive to adulthood have high chance of living most of the max life for the species |  | 20 |
| 4997199412 | emigration | the movement of members out of a population -2nd major factor than reduces pop. size | 21 | |
| 4997209117 | biotic | caused by living organisms | 22 | |
| 4997209118 | abiotic | caused by nonliving organisms | 23 | |
| 4997212465 | density-dependent | effects are stronger or a higher proportion of the pop is affected as pop density increases -normally biotic factors | 24 | |
| 4997215448 | density-independent | effect is the same/constant proportion of the pop is affected regardless of population density -normally abiotic factors | 25 | |
| 4997276926 | stress-related diseases | when pop. densities get very high, organisms often exhibit symptoms -aka stress shock -physical, psychological and/or behavior changes occur -dominant animals are affected the least by ovecrowding, subordinate animals affected the most | 26 | |
| 4997305131 | island biogeography | -islands have far fewer species than larger ones or the main lands -theory explains that diversity in isolated habitats is a balance between colonization and extinction rates | 27 | |
| 4997328038 | genetic drift | gradual changes in gene frequencies due to random events -founder effect and demographic bottle neck | 28 | |
| 4997330847 | founder effect/ demographic bottle neck | occurs when just a few members of a species survive a catastrophic event or colonize a new habitat geographically isolated from other members of the same species -any deleterious genes present in the founders will be overrepresented in future gens -inbreeding, mating of closely relateds makes rare/recessive genes more likely | 29 | |
| 4997347391 | minimum viable population size | -# of individuals needed for long-term survival of rare and endangered species -use island biogeography, genetic drift, and founder effects to determine it | 30 | |
| 4997359919 | metapopulation | collection of populations that have regular/intermittent gene flow between geographically separate units | 31 |
