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APES Evolution Flashcards

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8599930232evolutionchange in a kind of organism over time; process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms0
8599930233speciationformation of new species1
8599930235natural selectionprocess by which individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully; also called survival of the fittest2
8599930236gene poolall of the alleles (gene variations) in all the individuals that make up a population3
8599930238reproductive isolationseparation of species or populations so that they cannot interbreed and produce fertile offspring4
8599930239convergent evolutionprocess by which unrelated species become more similar as they adapt to the same kind of environment5
8599930241parallel evolutionthe development, through natural selection, of similar characteristics (morphology, behavior) in two unrelated species subjected to similar environmental conditions.6
8599930244genetic driftchanges in gene pool of a population due to chance rather than viability of offspring7
8599930245population bottleneckform of genetic drift in which a population becomes extremely small; may lead to differences in allele frequencies and a loss in genetic variability8
8599930246microevolutionshort time scale events (generation-to-generation) that change phenotypic ratios9
8599930247macroevolutionlong time scale events that cause extinction and speciation10

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