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3830793794DeforestationThe removal of forest stands by cutting and burning to provide land for agricultural purposes, residential or industrial building sites, roads, etc., or by harvesting the trees for building materials or fuel.0
3830793795Old-Growth FactorsA nontechnical term often used to mean a virgin forest (one never cut) but also used to mean a forest that has been undisturbed for a long, but usually unspecified, time.1
3830795572Tropical ForestsAre found between the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn. Tropical forests are in a climate where there is no winter or frost so the leaves stay on the trees year-round. Tropical forests have only two seasons - wet and dry2
3830797062Selective CuttingIn timber harvesting, the practice of cutting some, but not all, trees, leaving some on the site. There are many kinds of selective cutting. Sometimes the biggest trees with the largest market value are cut, and smaller trees are left to be cut later. Sometimes the best trees are left to provide seed for future generations. Sometimes trees are left for wildlife habitat and recreation.3
3830797063Rotation TimeTime between cuts of a stand or area of forest.4
3830798484Public LandsAny land or land interest owned by the federal government within the 50 states, not including offshore federal lands or lands held in trust for Native American groups.5
3830798485Restricted-Use LandLand that is only allowed limited amounts of recreation, hunting, and other human activities.6
3830801078National Wildlife RefugeIs a designation for certain protected areas of the United States managed by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service. The National Wildlife Refuge system is a network of lands and waters managed to protect wildlife and wildlife habitat. The system consists of over 500 refuges across the nation.7
3830805119National Resource LandsLands that are protected to be used as sources for renewable resources, such as timber.8
3830805129US Forest ServiceA United States government agency within the United States Department of Agriculture, is under the leadership of the United States Secretary of Agriculture and protects and manages forests in the U.S.9
3830808964US Fish and Wildlife ServiceIs a unit of the United States Department of the Interior that is dedicated to managing and preserving wildlife.10
3830808965Controlled BurnUsing prescribed fire to reduce the risk from wildfires, control tree diseases, increase food and habitat for wildlife, and manage forests for greater production of desirable tree species.11
3830808966Ecological IslandAn area that is biologically isolated so that a species occurring within the area cannot mix (or only rarely mixes) with any other population of the same species.12
3830811019Commercial ForestryIn order to retain biodiversity in commercial forest, they must be managed in ways that simulate disturbances that take place in old-growth forests, such as forest fires and storms. Over time, some of the structural characteristics of old-growth forests, such as old trees, deadwood and deciduous trees, can also be added.13
3830811020Second- Growth ForestsForest that has been clear-cut and re-grown.14
3830813428Clear CuttingIn timber harvesting, the practice of cutting all trees in a stand at the same time.15
3830813429Strip CuttingIn timber harvesting, the practice of cutting narrow rows of forest, leaving wooded corridors.16
3830814616Thinningis in forestry a type of selective cutting primarily undertaken to make the forest more profitable in an upcoming final felling. Most of the harvest in thinning is pulpwood as only mature trees are suitable for timber.17
3830814617Multiple- Use LandLiterally, using the land for more than one purpose at the same time.18
3830816469National ParkA relatively large area containing representative examples of major natural regions, features, or scenery of national or international significance. National park ecosystems are not heavily altered by humans and they are protected by national governments.19
3830816470National Forestare protected forest woodland areas in the United States. National forests are controlled by the federal government and managed by the United States Forest Service, under the direction of the United States Secretary of Agriculture. The management of these lands focuses on timber harvesting, livestock grazing, water, wildlife, and recreation. Commercial use of national forests is permitted and in many cases encouraged, unlike national parks.20
3830819779Riparian Zones (areas)Thin strips and patches of land and vegetation that border streams.21
3830821195US National Park Serviceis the United States Federal Government agency that deals with all National Parks, many National Monuments, and other conservation properties with various designations.22
3830823164US Bureau of Land Managementis an agency within the United States Department of the Interior which administers America's public lands, totaling 262 million acres (1,060,000 km) or one-eighth of the landmass of the country.23
3830823165Edge EffectAn effect that occurs following the forming of a forest island; in the early phases the species diversity along the edge is greater than in the interior. Species escape from the cut area and seek refuge in the border of the forest, where some may last only a short time.24

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