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APES Math Formulas Flashcards

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13832283146population densityPopulation ____________________ area0
13832287261Birth/death rate# of births or deaths per year -------------------------------- Total population1
13832296657Crude birth/death ratemultiply the rate by 1,000 example: 23,452 births ----------------- = 0.025 = 2.5% birth rate 942,721 people 25 = crude birth rate2
13832329669r (growth rate) - from crude figurescrude births - crude deaths -------------------------------- = r 10 (we divide by 10 because we multiplied by 1000 to get the crude rate - this makes it the same as multiplying by 100 which give us the percent)3
13832356718r (growth rate) - from actual population numbersbirths - deaths ---------------- = r (or multiply by 100 to express as r%) total pop.4
13832377559r (growth rate) - from crude figures including I and E(CBR + I) - (CDR + E) ----------------------- = r (or multiply by 100 for r%) 105
13832398271r (growth rate) - from actual population numbers including I and E(Births + Immigration) - (Deaths + Emigration) ------------------------------------------------- = r total pop. *(multiple r by 100 for r%)6
13832406061Doubling time (rule of 70)70 0.7 ------------------- OR --------------- r (in percent form) r (in decimal form)7
13832449068Percent changenew - old ----------- x 100% old *remember NOO8
13832457732Net Primary ProductivityNPP = Gross Primary Productivity - Respiration OR NPP = GPP - R *Remember, if you get stuck in a NET you would say GRR9
13832487985Trophic levels90% of energy/biomass is lost as you move up a trophic level OR 10% of energy is passed onto the next trophic level10
13832503501Densitymass ------ volume11
13832518113pH scale1 # decrease on scale = 10x H+ (acidity) Example: A solution with pH of 2 has 1000 times more H+ ions than a solution with a pH of 5. This is because 5-2 = 3. So three tens multiplied = 10 x 10 x 10 = 100012
13832528908half-lifelength of time required for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to decay13
13832537720WattsJoules ------- second14
13832817343kWh (kilowatt hour)Usually, we combine kW and h to get kWh. Your electricity bill is in kWh. Example: A TV uses 200 watts and runs for 6 hours. This is 1200Wh OR 1.2kWh.15

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